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31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/23
COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2022/2094
of 28 October 2022
specifying the technical items of data sets, establishing the technical formats for transmission of
information and specifying the detailed arrangements and content of the quality reports on the
organisation of a sample survey in the consumption domain pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/1700
of the European Parliament and of the Council
(Text with EEA relevance)
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Having regard to Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 October 2019
establishing a common framework for European statistics relating to persons and households, based on data at individual
level collected from samples, amending Regulations (EC) No 808/2004, (EC) No 452/2008 and (EC) No 1338/2008 of the
European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1177/2003 of the European Parliament and of
the Council and Council Regulation (EC) No 577/98(1), and in particular Article 7(1), Article 8(3) and Article 13(6) thereof,
Whereas:
(1) To ensure the accurate implementation of the sample survey in the consumption domain called the Household
Budget Survey (‘HBS’), the Commission should specify the technical items of the data set, the technical formats for
transmission of information and the detailed arrangements and content of the quality reports.
(2) The HBS is a key instrument used to compile weightings for important macroeconomic indicators, such as consumer
price indices and the harmonised indices of consumer prices as measures of inflation, as well as for national
accounts purposes. Those surveys provide detailed descriptions of private households’ total consumption
expenditure using household characteristics such as income, housing and many other demographic and
socioeconomic characteristics. They therefore provide information on the economic and social living conditions of
households and individuals in the Member States. The information from the HBS is also used at EU level in the
context of consumer protection policy.
(3) The European Green Deal calls for a sustainable consumer policy that will help empower consumers to make
informed choices and play an active role in the ecological transition(2). Furthermore, the Green Deal aims to ensure
fair and inclusive transitions, with due attention to social concerns and distribution of impacts. The Farm to Fork
strategy also aims at promoting sustainable food consumption and facilitating the shift to healthy, sustainable
diets(3). In addition, Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan promotes healthy food to address certain cancer risks(4).
(1) OJ L 261 I, 14.10.2019, p. 1.
(2) COM(2019) 640.
(3) COM(2020) 381.
(4) COM(2021) 44.L 281/24 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
(4) The international comparability of national statistics on consumption expenditure requires the use of statistical
classifications for territorial units, education, occupation and economic sector that are compatible with the
NUTS(5), ISCED(6), ISCO(7) and NACE(8) classifications. Furthermore, to classify and analyse individual
consumption expenditure incurred by households according to their purpose, the Classification of Individual
Consumption According to Purpose (‘COICOP’)(9)is to be used.
(5) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the European Statistical System
Committee, established by Article 7 of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the
Council(10),
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Article 1
Subject matter
This Regulation specifies the technical items of the data sets, the technical formats for the transmission of information from
Member States to the Commission (Eurostat), the arrangements for transmission and the content of the quality reports in
the consumption domain.
Article 2
Definitions
For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:
(1) ‘reference period’ means the period to which a particular item of information relates;
(2) ‘current calendar year’ means the calendar year of the interview;
(3) ‘sample person’ means a member of a private household who is at least 16 years old on 1 January of the current
calendar year;
(4) ‘sample household’ means a private household containing at least one sample person;
(5) ‘age’ of a person means the age in completed years on 1 January of the current calendar year;
(6) ‘reference person’ means the household member who is at least 16 years old and who contributes most to the total
income of the household;
(7) ‘collection unit’ means a household or person with certain characteristics to which or whom the information collected
pertains;
(5) Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on the establishment of a common
classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS) (OJ L 154, 21.6.2003, p. 1).
(6) International Standard Classification of Education 2011, http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/international-standard-
classification-of-education-isced-2011-en.pdf(available in English, French and Spanish).
(7) Commission Recommendation 2009/824/EC of 29 October 2009 on the use of the International Standard Classification of
Occupations (ISCO-08) (OJ L 292, 10.11.2009, p. 31).
(8) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical
classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC
Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1).
(9) UN International Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (COICOP) 2018 https://unstats.un.org/unsd/
classifications/business-trade/desc/COICOP_english/COICOP_2018_-_pre-edited_white_cover_version_-_2018-12-26.pdf (available
only in English).
(10) Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2009 on European statistics and repealing
Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1101/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the transmission of data subject to
statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities, Council Regulation (EC) No 322/97 on Community
Statistics, and Council Decision 89/382/EEC, Euratom establishing a Committee on the Statistical Programmes of the European
Communities (OJ L 87, 31.3.2009, p. 164).31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/25
(8) ‘household respondent’ means the sample person from whom household-level information is obtained;
(9) ‘diary’ means a template (electronic or paper) in which households and/or household members record all items of
daily consumption and/or expenditure;
(10) ‘recording period’ means the period for which a consumption expenditure diary is maintained by the household
and/or individual.
Article 3
Statistical concepts and description of variables
Member States shall use the statistical concepts laid down in Annex I.
The technical characteristics of variables shall be those laid down in Annex II and refer to:
(a) the variable’s identifier;
(b) the variable’s name;
(c) the modality label and code;
(d) the collection unit;
(e) the reference period.
Article 4
Characteristics of the statistical populations and observation units and the rules on respondents
1. The target population in the consumption domain shall be private households and all persons composing those
households in the territory of the Member State.
2. Information at household and individual level shall be collected or compiled for all household members, as specified
in Annex II.
3. Proxy interviews shall be allowed.
Article 5
Reference periods
1. The reference period shall be one calendar year.
2. The reference period for consumption expenditure shall be the current calendar year. If consumption expenditure is
collected retrospectively, i.e. partially in the previous year, it shall be considered as a good proxy for the current year.
3. The income reference period shall be the current calendar year, except for net current monthly household income
where the reference period is the current month.
4. The reference periods for variables not referring to consumption expenditure and income shall be those specified in
Annex II.
Article 6
Detailed sample characteristics
1. The recording period shall be at least 7 days. It shall be up to a maximum of 1 month unless innovative methods to
collect data have been used. In duly justified cases, and only to the extent necessary, a recording period longer than 1
month shall be allowed.
2. The recording periods of sample households or persons shall be staggered over the reference period to even out the
effect of seasonal and other temporal variations for the sample as a whole. This shall be done by dividing the sample into a
number of subsamples and distributing these subsamples in terms of the recording period uniformly over the reference
period.L 281/26 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
3. At least three attempts shall be made to contact a sample household or person before it is dropped from the survey,
unless the following situations occur:
(a) the address was impossible to locate;
(b) the address was non-residential or unoccupied;
(c) the household or person was not found at the address;
(d) the household or person was unable to respond (including due to incapacity);
(e) a definite refusal of the household or person to cooperate was received;
(f) the circumstances endangered the interviewer’s safety.
4. Controlled substitutions of sample households or persons shall be allowed, if one of the situations listed in paragraph
3 (a) to (f) arises, or if the sample household or person has not been reached after three attempts to contact them.
5. Procedures shall be followed to ensure that the process of substitution is controlled to the maximum extent possible.
Such procedures shall include using a design that ensures that the selected substitutes closely match the significant
characteristics of the households or persons that they replace.
6. The set of sample households or persons for substitution shall be defined prior to data collection. There shall be no
substitution with households or persons not belonging to that set.
7. Small parts of a national territory amounting to no more than two per cent of the national population may be
excluded from the HBS.
Article 7
Data gathering periods and methods
1. The main survey instruments for direct data collection from respondents shall be one or more interviews (household
and/or individual interviews) and diary(s) on consumption expenditure maintained by households and/or individuals on a
daily basis. For irregular consumption expenditure, data can also be collected retrospectively up to a maximum of 12
months before the interview. Smart tools and sources as well as registers or other methods can be used for data collection.
2. Data provided directly by respondents shall be collected by pen-and-paper method, by computer-assisted methods,
including computer-assisted personal interviews, computer-assisted telephone interviews, self-completed computer-based
interviews, computer-assisted web interviews including on tablets and smartphones, and by native smartphone
applications.
3. The timing of the interview shall be as close as possible to the diary recording period.
Article 8
Common standards for data editing, imputation, weighting and estimation
1. Imputation, modelling or weighting shall be applied to the data where necessary.
2. Where non-response to total annual net income from all sources, including non-monetary components at household
or personal level, results in missing data, appropriate methods for statistical weighting or imputation shall be applied.
3. Where non-response to income component variables, including income in kind from non-salaried activities at
household or personal level, results in missing data, appropriate methods of statistical imputation shall be applied.31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/27
4. Two methods shall be used to estimate imputed rent depending on the size and structure of the national rental
housing market: either the stratification method or the self-assessment method. Preference shall be given to the
stratification method based on actual rents (either by direct extrapolation or by means of econometric regression). In the
absence of a sufficiently large rental market, the self-assessment method shall be used.
5. The procedure applied to the data shall preserve the variation in and the correlation between variables. Methods that
incorporate ‘error components’ into the imputed values shall be preferred to those that simply impute a predicted value.
6. Methods that take into account the correlation structure (or other characteristics of the joint distribution of the
variables) shall be preferred to the marginal or univariate approach.
Article 9
Formats for transmitting information
1. Member States shall transmit the microdata that comply with the characteristics of the variables as specified in Annex
II in electronic form to the Commission (Eurostat) in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 and its
Annex V. Monetary consumption shall be transmitted at 5-digit COICOP level; own consumption and cross-border
consumption expenditure shall be transmitted at 2-digit COICOP level.
2. Member States shall transmit pre-checked data to the Commission (Eurostat) in the form of microdata files including
appropriate weights, using the statistical data and metadata exchange standards set by the Commission (Eurostat) and the
Single Entry Point.
Article 10
Quality reporting
1. In addition to the requirements laid down in Article 13 of Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 and Regulation (EU)
2019/2180 specifying the detailed arrangements and content of the quality reports(11), quality reports by Member States
shall comply with the requirements listed in Annex III to this Regulation.
2. Member States shall transmit the quality-related reference metadata required by this Regulation to the Commission
(Eurostat), using the statistical data and metadata exchange standards. They shall send the metadata through the Single
Entry Point in order to enable the Commission (Eurostat) to retrieve the data by electronic means.
Article 11
This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the
European Union.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in the Member States.
Done at Brussels, 28 October 2022.
For the Commission
The President
Ursula VON DER LEYEN
(11) OJ L 330, 20.12.2019, p. 8.L 281/28 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
ANNEX I
DEFINITIONS OF STATISTICAL CONCEPTS
Consumption by classification of individual consumption by purpose (COICOP)
The consumption by classification of individual consumption by purpose (COICOP) is based on the concept of household
final consumption expenditure in European System of Accounts, ESA 2010(1) as far as applicable to the consumption
domain. It refers to expenditure incurred by private households on goods and services for satisfaction of their needs or
wants.
Household final consumption expenditure includes the following examples:
(a) services of owner-occupied dwellings (imputed rent);
(b) own consumption;
(c) expenditure on items not treated as intermediate consumption, such as:
(1) materials for small repairs to and interior decoration of dwellings of a kind carried out by tenants as well as owners;
(2) materials for repairs and maintenance to consumer durables, including vehicles;
(d) expenditure on items not treated as capital formation, in particular consumer durables, that continue to perform their
function in several accounting periods; this includes the transfer of ownership of some durables from an enterprise to
a household;
(e) financial services directly charged used for final consumption purposes by households (that is, not including FISIM);
(f) insurance services by the amount of the actual service charge;
(g) pension funding services by the amount of the actual service charge;
(h) payments by households for licences, permits, etc. which are regarded as purchases of services;
(i) the purchase of output at not economically significant prices, e.g. entrance fees for a museum.
Household final consumption expenditure excludes the following:
(a) social transfers in kind, such as expenditures initially incurred by households but subsequently reimbursed by social
security, e.g. some medical expenses;
(b) expenditure on items treated as intermediate consumption or gross capital formation, such as:
(1) expenditures by households owning unincorporated enterprises when incurred for business purposes – e.g. on
durable goods such as vehicles, furniture or electrical equipment (gross fixed capital formation), and also on non-
durables such as fuel (treated as intermediate consumption);
(2) expenditure that an owner-occupier incurs on the decoration, maintenance and repair of the dwelling not typically
carried out by tenants (treated as intermediate consumption in producing housing services);
(3) the purchase of dwellings (treated as gross fixed capital formation);
(4) expenditure on valuables (treated as gross fixed capital formation);
(c) items treated as acquisitions of non-produced assets, in particular the purchase of land;
(d) all those payments by households which are to be regarded as taxes;
(e) voluntary transfers in cash or in kind by households to charities and relief and aid organisations.
The final consumption expenditure of households shall be recorded at purchasers’ prices. This is the price the purchaser
actually pays for the products at the time of the purchase.
(1) Regulation (EU) No 549/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2013 on the European system of national and
regional accounts in the European Union (OJ L 174, 26.6.2013, p. 1).31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/29
The purchaser’s price includes the following:
(a) taxes less subsidies on the products (but excluding deductible taxes like VAT on the products);
(b) transport charges paid separately by the purchaser to take delivery at the required time and place;
(c) deductions for any discounts for bulk or off-peak-purchases from standard prices or charges.
The purchaser’s price excludes the following:
(a) interest or services charges added under credit arrangements;
(b) extra charges incurred as a result of late payment, where late payment means failing to pay within the period stated at
the time the purchases were made.
Imputed rent
The purchase of the dwelling as such shall be regarded as capital formation (investment) and not consumer expenditure,
and consequently shall be excluded from household final consumption expenditure. The ownership of a dwelling however
produces a service, a shelter, which is consumed over time by the households, and as a consequence, an estimated price of
the shelter, by imputation of a rental, shall be included in the household final consumption expenditure. It shall be part of
the non-monetary part of household final consumption expenditure since no monetary transaction is involved.
The imputed rent represents simultaneously a non-monetary source of income, and consequently shall be recorded on the
income side as well.
The imputed rent shall be estimated for all households that do not report paying full rent, either because they are owner-
occupiers, or because they live in an accommodation rented at a lower price than the market price, or because the
accommodation is provided rent-free.
The imputed rent shall be estimated only for those dwellings (and any associated buildings such as a garage) that are used as
a main residence by the households.
The value of imputed rent shall be the estimated value of rental that would be paid for a similar accommodation, taking into
account factors such as location, neighbourhood amenities, etc., as well as the size and quality of the dwelling itself. This
value shall be reduced by any rent actually paid (in the case where the accommodation is rented at a lower price than the
market price) and reduced by any ordinary maintenance (gas, electricity, water, etc.), minor repairs or refurbishment
expenditure which the owner-occupier households make on the property of the type that would normally be carried out
by landlords.
For garages located separately from dwellings, which are used by the owner for final consumption purposes in connection
with using the dwelling, a similar imputation shall be made.
To estimate the value of owner-occupied dwelling services, the stratification method based on actual rents (either by direct
extrapolation or by means of econometric regression) shall be preferably used.
— The stock of dwellings shall be preferably stratified by location, size and nature of dwelling and other factors that affect
the rental. Information about actual rentals from privately-owned rented dwellings shall be used to obtain an estimate
of the rental value of the total stock of dwellings. The average actual rental per stratum shall be applied to all dwellings
in that particular stratum.
— The rental to be applied to owner-occupied dwellings in the stratification method is defined as the private market rental
due for the right to use an unfurnished dwelling. The rentals for unfurnished dwellings from all private market contracts
shall be used to determine imputed rentals. Private market rentals that are at a low level due to government regulation
are included.
— If the sample size for the observed rentals as defined above is not large enough, observed rentals for furnished dwellings
may be used for imputation purposes, provided they are adjusted for the furniture element. Exceptionally, also increased
rentals for public-owned dwellings may be used. Low rentals for dwellings let to relatives or to employees should not be
used.L 281/30 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
In the absence of a sufficiently large rental market, where accommodation is dominated by owner-occupied dwellings, the
self-assessment method shall be applied for owner-occupied dwellings. The value of the imputed rent under this method
refers to a self-assessed value used as direct estimate of the market price value of the dwelling.
Own consumption
Own consumption refers to goods and services produced as outputs of unincorporated enterprises owned by households
that are retained for consumption by the members of the same household. Examples of products retained for own final
consumption include:
(a) agricultural products retained by farmers;
(b) housing (dwelling) services produced by owner-occupiers;
(c) household services produced by employing paid staff.
Domestic and personal services that are produced and consumed within the same household are not counted as production
in ESA and as a result shall not be part of own consumption. Examples of domestic services produced by households
themselves that shall be excluded are:
(a) cleaning, decoration and maintenance of the dwelling as far as these activities are also common for tenants;
(b) cleaning, servicing and repair of household durables;
(c) preparation and serving of meals;
(d) care, training and instruction of children;
(e) care of sick, infirm or old people; and
(f) transportation of members of the household or their goods.
However, domestic and personal services that are produced by employing paid domestic staff are considered as production,
and make part of final consumption expenditure.
Own consumption shall be recorded when the output retained is taken into the household for own final consumption, and
shall be valued at the purchaser’s price of similar products (goods or services) sold on the market. Domestic and personal
services that are produced by employing paid domestic staff shall be valued by the compensation of employees paid; this
shall include any compensation in kind such as food or accommodation.
Cross-border consumption expenditure
Household final consumption expenditure includes consumption expenditure of private resident households, whether the
expenditure takes place in the country or abroad. Cross border consumption expenditure refers to the part of the
household’s consumption expenditure effected abroad. It covers all direct purchases of goods and services made by
residents while travelling abroad for business or personal purposes. Two categories, which require different treatment, shall
be distinguished:
(a) all business-related expenditure by business travellers are intermediate consumption, and therefore shall be excluded
from household final consumption;
(b) all other expenditure, whether by business travellers or other travellers, shall be household final consumption
expenditure.
Only cross-border consumption expenditure made in monetary form shall be registered.
Total annual net income from all sources, including non-monetary components
Household total annual net income from all sources includes monetary annual net income from all sources, income in kind
from employment, income in kind from non-salaried activities and imputed rent.
Household total annual net income from all sources should equal the sum for all household members of total personal
annual net income from all sources plus all annual net income components at household level.31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/31
Monetary annual net income from all sources
Monetary annual net income from all sources includes:
— Cash or near-cash employee income.
— Cash profits or losses from self-employment (including royalties).
— Property income:
a. Interest, dividends, profits from capital investment in an unincorporated business;
b. Income from rental of a property or land;
c. Pensions received from individual private plans (other than those covered under the European system of integrated
social protection statistics (ESSPROS)).
— Current transfers received:
a. Social benefits:
Family/children-related allowances;
Housing allowances;
Unemployment benefits;
Old-age benefits;
Survivors’ benefits;
Sickness benefits;
Disability benefits;
Education-related allowances;
Social exclusion allowances/benefits not classified elsewhere;
b. Regular inter-household cash transfers received.
— Other cash income received.
Income in kind from employment
Income in kind from employment refers to the non-monetary income components which an employer may provide free of
charge or at a reduced price to an employee as part of the employment package. (If any goods or services are provided for
both private and work use, then private use, as a proportion of total use, must be estimated and applied to the total value).
It includes:
— a company car and associated costs (e.g. free fuel, car insurance, taxes and duties, as applicable) provided either for
private use or for both private and work use,
— free or subsidised meals, luncheon vouchers,
— reimbursement or payment of housing-related expenses (e.g. gas, electricity, water, telephone or mobile telephone bills),
— accommodation provided free or at reduced rent to an employee as the household’s main or secondary residence,
— other goods and services provided free or at a reduced price by employers to their employees, if they are a significant
component of income at national level or they constitute a significant component of the income of particular groups
of households.
The value of goods and services provided free of charge shall be calculated according to their market value. The value of
goods and services provided at a reduced price shall be calculated as the difference between the market value and the
amount paid by the employee.
It does not include:
— the cost to the employer of providing any of these goods and services if they are necessary to enable employees to do
their work,
— accommodation services at a place of work which cannot be used by the households to which the employees belong,L 281/32 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
— allowances paid to employees for the purchase of tools, equipment, clothes, etc. needed exclusively or primarily for
their work,
— special meals or drinks necessitated by exceptional working conditions,
— any goods or services provided to employees at the place of work or required because of the nature of their work (e.g. a
medical examination required for work).
Income in kind from non-salaried activities
Income in kind from non-salaried activities includes output for own final consumption, that is goods and services produced
by households that are retained for consumption by the members of the same household.
Income in kind from non-salaried activities does not include imputed rent.
Tax on income and social insurance contributions
Tax on income refers to taxes on income, profits and capital gains. They are assessed on the actual or presumed income of
individuals, households or tax units. They include taxes assessed on holdings of property, land or real estate, where these
holdings are used as a basis for estimating the income of their owners. Taxes related to pensions received from individual
private plans (other than those covered under ESSPROS) should also be taken into account.
Taxes on income include:
— taxes on individual, household or tax-unit income (income from employment, property, entrepreneurship, pensions,
etc.), including taxes deducted by employers (pay-as-you-earn taxes), other taxes at source and taxes on the income of
owners of unincorporated enterprises paid during the income reference period,
— any tax repayment received during the income reference period relating to tax paid on the income received during the
income reference period or previous years. This value should be taken into account as a reduction of taxes paid,
— any interest charged on arrears of taxes due and any fines imposed by taxation authorities.
Taxes on income do not include:
— fees paid for hunting, shooting and fishing rights.31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/33
ANNEX II
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIABLES
Variable`s Reference
Variable name Modality code Modality label Collection unit
identifier period
Detailed topic: DATA COLLECTION INFORMATION
HA02 Year(s) of the survey Year(s) Year(s) of the survey Household Current
HC04C Date of the first DD/MM/YYYY Date of the first Household Current
Interview of Interview of
household household
MB03C Date of the first DD/MM/YYYY Date of the first All current Current
Interview of Interview of household
household member household member members
HA06 Stratum 1–9999999999998 Stratum identifier Household At selection
9999999999999 Not applicable
HA07 Primary sampling 1–9999999999998 Secondary sampling Household At selection
unit unit identifier
9999999999999 Not applicable
Detailed topic: IDENTIFICATION
HA04 Identification ID number Household ID Household Current
number of the
household (HH file)
MA04 Identification ID number Household ID All current Current
number of the household
household (HH members
member file)
MA05 Identification ID number ID number All current Current
number of the household
member of members
household (HH
member file)
HA13 Identification ID number ID number of the Household Current
number of the person responding to
member of the the household
household questionnaire
responding to the
household
questionnaire
Detailed topic: WEIGHTS
HA10 Final weight Weight Final weight Household CurrentL 281/34 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
Detailed topic: INTERVIEW CHARACTERISTICS
HA11 Interviewing mode 1 Paper assisted Household Current
used (household personal interview
interview) (PAPI)
2 Computer assisted
personal interview
(CAPI)
3 Computer assisted
telephone interview
(CATI)
4 Computer assisted
web-interview
(CAWI)
5 Smart mode
6 Other
9 Not applicable
MA11 Interviewing mode 1 Paper assisted All current Current
used (individual personal interview household
interview) (PAPI) members
2 Computer assisted
personal interview
(CAPI)
3 Computer assisted
telephone interview
(CATI)
4 Computer assisted
web-interview
(CAWI)
5 Smart mode
6 Other
9 Not applicable
HA12 Interviewing mode 1 Paper assisted Household Current
used (diary) personal interview
(PAPI)
2 Computer assisted
personal interview
(CAPI)
3 Computer assisted
telephone interview
(CATI)
4 Computer assisted
web-interview
(CAWI)
5 Smart mode
6 Other
9 Not applicable31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/35
Detailed topic: LOCALISATION
MB012 Country of residence SCL GEO code Country of residence All current Current
household
members
HA08 Region of residence NUTS (2 digits) Region (2 digits) Household Current
HA09 Degree of 1 Cities Household Current
urbanisation
2 Towns and suburbs
3 Rural areas
Detailed topic: DEMOGRAPHY
MB02 Sex of household 1 Male All current Current
member household
2 Female
members
MB03 Age (in completed Age Age All current Current
years) of household household
Blank Not stated
member members
MB03A Year of birth of Year Year of birth All current Constant
household member household
Blank Not stated
members
MB03B Passing of birthday of 1 Yes All current Current
household member at household
2 No
the time of the members
interview
Blank Not stated
MB04 Marital status of 1 Never married and All current Current
household member never in a registered household
partnership members aged
16 and over
2 Married or in a
registered
partnership
3 Widowed or with
registered
partnership that
ended with death of
partner (not
remarried or in new
registered
partnership)L 281/36 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
4 Divorced or with
registered
partnership that was
legally dissolved (not
remarried or in new
registered
partnership)
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
Detailed topic: CITIZENSHIP AND MIGRANT BACKGROUND
MB01 Country of birth SCL GEO code Country of birth All current Constant
household
77 Foreign-born but
members
country of birth
unknown
Blank Not stated
99 Not applicable
MB011 Country of main SCL GEO code Country of main All current Current
citizenship citizenship household
members
66 Stateless
77 Foreign citizenship
but country
unknown
Blank Not stated
99 Not applicable
MB01F Country of birth of SCL GEO code Country of birth All current Constant
father household
77 Father foreign-born
members aged
but country of birth
16 and over
of the father
unknown
Blank Not stated
99 Not applicable
MB01M Country of birth of SCL GEO code Country of birth All current Constant
mother household
77 Mother foreign-born
members aged
but country of birth
16 and over
of the mother
unknown
Blank Not stated
99 Not applicable31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/37
Detailed topic: HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
MBGRIDXX Household grid(1) 10 Partner (low level) All current Current
household
11 Husband/wife/civil
members
partner (high
level)/optional
12 Partner/cohabitee
(high level)/optional
20 Son/daughter (low
level)
21 Natural/adopted
son/daughter (high
level)/optional
22 Step-son/step-
daughter (high level)/
optional
30 Son-in-law/daughter-
in-law (low or high
level)
40 Grandchild (low or
high level)
50 Parent (low level)
51 Natural/adoptive
parent (high level)/
optional
52 Step-parent (high
level)/optional
60 Parent in law (low or
high level)
70 Grandparent (low or
high level)
80 Brother/Sister (low
level)
81 Natural brother/sister
(high level)/optional
82 Step-brother/sister
(high level)/optional
(1) For Household Grid variable, modality codes 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95 at least low level of detail shall be provided. High
level of detail is optional.L 281/38 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
90 Other relative (low or
high level)
95 Other non-relative
(low or high level)
Blank Not stated (low or
high level)
MB042 Partners living in the 1 Person living with a All current Current
same household legal or de facto household
partner members aged
16 and over
2 Person not living with
a legal or de facto
partner
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
Detailed topic: DISABILITY AND MINIMUM EUROPEAN HEALTH MODULE
MH01 Self-perceived 1 Very good All current Current
general health household
2 Good
members aged
16 and over
3 Fair (neither good nor
bad)
4 Bad
5 Very bad
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
MH02 Long standing health 1 Yes All current Current
problems household
2 No
members aged
16 and over
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
MH03 Limitation in 1 Severely limited All current Current
activities because of household
2 Limited but not
health problems members aged
severely
16 and over
3 Not limited at all
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/39
Detailed topic: MAIN ACTIVITY STATUS (SELF-DEFINED)
ME01A Main activity status 1 Employed All current Current
(self-defined) household
2 Unemployed
members
3 Retired
4 Unable to work due to
long-standing health
problems
5 Pupil or student
6 Fulfilling domestic
tasks
7 In compulsory
military, civilian
service
8 Other
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
Detailed topic: ELEMENTARY JOB CHARACTERISTICS
ME0908 Occupation in main ISCO-08 ISCO at 2-digit level All current Current
job household
Blank Not stated
members aged
16 and over
99 Not applicable
ME04 Economic activity of NACE NACE at 2-digit level All current Current
the local unit (main household
Blank Not stated
job) members aged
16 and over
99 Not applicable
ME02 Main job: full- or part- 1 Full-time job All current Current
time (self-defined) household
2 Part-time job
members aged
16 and over
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
ME12 Status in employment 1 Self-employed All current Current
in main job person with household
employees members aged
16 and over
2 Self-employed
person without
employees
3 Employee
4 Unpaid Family
worker
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicableL 281/40 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
ME13 Sector of occupation 1 Public sector All current Current
of household employee household
member members aged
2 Private sector
16 and over
employee
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
Detailed topic: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AND BACKGROUND
MC01 Highest educational 0 No formal education All current Current
attainment level or below ISCED 1 household
members aged
1 ISCED 1 Primary
16 and over
education
2 ISCED 2 Lower
secondary education
3 ISCED 3 Upper
secondary education
4 ISCED 4 Post-
secondary non-
tertiary education
5 ISCED 5 Short cycle
tertiary education
6 ISCED 6 Bachelor or
equivalent level
7 ISCED 7 Master or
equivalent level
8 ISCED 8 Doctorate or
equivalent level
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
Detailed topic: HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION - ADDITIONAL SPECIFIC DETAILS
HB05 Household size 1-99 Total number of Household Current
members of the
household
Blank Not stated31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/41
HB075 Household type 1 One person Household Current
household
2 Lone parent with at
least one child aged
less than 25
3 Lone parent with all
children aged 25 or
more
4 Couple without any
child(ren)
5 Couple with at least
one child aged less
than 25
6 Couple with all
children aged 25 or
more
8 Other type of
household
Blank Not stated
Detailed topic: MAIN HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS
HD01 Household tenure 1 Owner without Household Current
status outstanding
mortgage
2 Owner with
outstanding
mortgage
3 Tenant, rent at market
price
4 Tenant, rent at
reduced price
5 Tenant paying no rent
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
HD03 Dwelling type 1 Detached house Household Current
2 Semi-detached or
terraced house
3 Apartment or flat in a
building with less
than 10 dwellingsL 281/42 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
4 Apartment or flat in a
building with 10 or
more dwellings
5 Some other kind of
accommodation
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
HD06 Number of rooms 1-9.9 Number of rooms Household Current
available to the
10 10 or more rooms
household
Blank Not stated
99 Not applicable
Detailed topic: PARTICIPATION IN FORMAL EDUCATION ACTIVITIES (CURRENT)
MC02A Participation in 1 Yes All current Current
formal education and household
2 No
training (student or members aged
apprentice) 16 and over
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
MC02B Level of the 0 No formal education All current Current
current/most recent or below ISCED 1 household
formal education or members aged
1 ISCED 1 Primary
training activity 16 and over
education
2 ISCED 2 Lower
secondary education
3 ISCED 3 Upper
secondary education
4 ISCED 4 Post-
secondary non-
tertiary education
5 ISCED 5 Short cycle
tertiary education
6 ISCED 6 Bachelor or
equivalent level
7 ISCED 7 Master or
equivalent level31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/43
8 ISCED 8 Doctorate or
equivalent level
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
Detailed topic: DURATION OF CONTRACT
ME03A Permanency of main 1 Permanent written All current Current
job contract household
members aged
2 Permanent verbal
16 and over
agreement
3 Fixed-term written
contract
4 Fixed-term verbal
agreement
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
Detailed topic: TOTAL ANNUAL INCOME AT THE LEVEL OF PERSONS AND HOUSEHOLDS
MF099 Total annual net 0-99999999999999 Income (national All current Current
income from all currency) household calendar year
sources, including members aged
Blank Not stated
non-monetary 16 and over
components, of
household member
(member file)
HH099 Total annual net 0-99999999999999 Income (national Household Current
income from all currency) calendar year
sources, including
Blank Not stated
non-monetary
components
Detailed topic: MAIN INCOME COMPONENTS
HH011 Net current monthly 0-99999999999999 Income (national Household Current
household income currency) month
Blank Not stated
HH095 Monetary annual net 0-99999999999999 Income (national Household Current
income from all currency) calendar year
sources
Blank Not statedL 281/44 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
HH012 Income in kind from 0-99999999999999 Income (national Household Current
employment currency) calendar year
Blank Not stated
Detailed topic: INCOME IN KIND FROM NON-SALARIED ACTIVITIES
HH023 Income in kind from 0-99999999999999 Income (national Household Current
non-salaried currency) calendar year
activities
Blank Not Stated
Detailed topic: IMPUTED RENT
HH032 Imputed rent 0-99999999999999 Imputed rent Household Current
(national currency) calendar year
Blank Not Stated
Detailed topic: MAIN SOURCE OF INCOME
HI11 Main source of 1 Wages or salary Household Current
income calendar year
2 Income from self-
employment
3 Property income
4 Pensions, retirement
benefits
5 Unemployment
benefit
6 Other current
benefits and other
income
Blank Not stated
Detailed topic: ELEMENTS OF WEALTH, INCLUDING DWELLING OWNERSHIP
HW10 Value of main 1-99999999999 Value (national Household Current
residence currency)
Blank Not stated31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/45
HW20 Savings (in a typical 1 Household puts Household Current
month) money aside
2 Household needs to
draw on savings
3 Household needs to
borrow money
4 Household neither
puts money aside nor
needs to draw on
savings or borrow
Blank Not stated
Detailed topic: TAXES AND CONTRIBUTIONS
HW30 Tax on income and -99999999-99999999 Taxes (national Household Current
social insurance currency) calendar year
contributions
Blank Not stated
Detailed topic: DEBTS
HW40 Total left to repay for 0-99999999999 Amount left to repay Household Current
the mortgage on (in national currency)
main residence
Blank Not stated
HW50 Monthly principal 0-99999999.99 Mortgage principal Household Current
and interest and interest
repayments for the repayments (in
mortgage national currency)
Blank Not stated
Detailed topic: ARREARS
HW60 Arrears 1 Yes Household Current
2 No
Blank Not stated
9 Not applicable
Detailed topic: CONSUMPTION BY THE CLASSIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL CONSUMPTION BY PURPOSE (COICOP)(2)
HE01A Food and non- 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
alcoholic beverages currency) calendar year
HE02A Alcoholic beverages, 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
tobacco and narcotics currency) calendar year
(2) Monetary consumption by the classification of individual consumption by purpose shall be transmitted at 5-digit COICOP levelL 281/46 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
HE03A Clothing and 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
footwear currency) calendar year
HE04A Housing, water, 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
electricity, gas and currency) calendar year
other fuels
HE05A Furnishings, 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
household currency) calendar year
equipment and
routine household
maintenance
HE06A Health 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
currency) calendar year
HE07A Transport 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
currency) calendar year
HE08A Information and 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
communication currency) calendar year
HE09A Recreation, sport and 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
culture currency) calendar year
HE10A Education services 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
currency) calendar year
HE11A Restaurants and 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
accommodation currency) calendar year
services
HE12A Insurance and 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
financial services currency) calendar year
HE13A Personal care, social 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
protection and currency) calendar year
miscellaneous goods
and services
Detailed topic: OWN CONSUMPTION
HE01B Food and non- 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
alcoholic beverages currency) calendar year
HE02B Alcoholic beverages, 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
tobacco and narcotics currency) calendar year31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/47
HE03B Clothing and 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
footwear currency) calendar year
HE04B Housing, water, 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
electricity, gas and currency) calendar year
other fuels
HE05B Furnishings, 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
household currency) calendar year
equipment and
routine household
maintenance
HE06B Health 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
currency) calendar year
HE07B Transport 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
currency) calendar year
HE08B Information and 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
communication currency) calendar year
HE09B Recreation, sport and 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
culture currency) calendar year
HE10B Education services 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
currency) calendar year
HE11B Restaurants and 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
accommodation currency) calendar year
services
HE12B Insurance and 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
financial services currency) calendar year
HE13B Personal care, social 0-99999999999999 Amount (in national Household Current
protection and currency) calendar year
miscellaneous goods
and services
Detailed topic: CROSS-BORDER CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE BY COICOP
HJ01 Food and non- 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
alcoholic beverages currency) calendar year
HJ02 Alcoholic beverages, 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
tobacco and narcotics currency) calendar yearL 281/48 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
HJ03 Clothing and 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
footwear currency) calendar year
HJ04 Housing, water, 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
electricity, gas and currency) calendar year
other fuels
HJ05 Furnishings, 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
household currency) calendar year
equipment and
routine household
maintenance
HJ06 Health 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
currency) calendar year
HJ07 Transport 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
currency) calendar year
HJ08 Information and 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
communication currency) calendar year
HJ09 Recreation, sport and 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
culture currency) calendar year
HJ10 Education services 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
currency) calendar year
HJ11 Restaurants and 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
accommodation currency) calendar year
services
HJ12 Insurance and 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
financial services currency) calendar year
HJ13 Personal care, social 0-99999999999999 Expenditure (national Household Current
protection and currency) calendar year
miscellaneous goods
and services
Detailed topic: QUANTITIES(3)(optional)
HQ01 Food and non- 0-9999999999999999. Amount Household Current
alcoholic beverages 9 calendar year
HQ02 Alcoholic beverages, 0-9999999999999999. Amount Household Current
tobacco and narcotics 9 calendar year
(3) Quantities shall be transmitted for the groups ‘Food and non-alcoholic beverages’ and ‘Alcoholic beverages, tobacco and narcotics’ at
5-digit COICOP level.31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/49
ANNEX III
DETAILED ARRANGEMENTS AND CONTENT OF QUALITY REPORTS
(1) Member States shall transmit a quality report to the Commission (Eurostat) according to the rules set out in Article 13
of Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 and Regulation (EU) 2019/2180 specifying the detailed arrangements and content for
the quality reports(1).
(2) Member States shall include the following specific information in the quality report on the consumption domain.
STATISTICAL PRESENTATION
Data description
— Title of the survey at national level, year of the survey, link to the survey website
Classification systems
List of the version of classification used in the data, and any deviations from European statistical standards or international
standards.
Statistical concepts and definitions, including reference period
— List of concepts and variables that deviate from the standard definitions, mentioning the national concepts used and any
differences between the national concepts and the respective standard definitions
— Consumption expenditure shall be calculated as household final consumption expenditure; any deviation from this
standard definition shall be described
— Method for calculating imputed rent (stratification/regression method specifying the type of model/regression used and
variables used; self-assessment method).
— Method for calculating/imputing income and income components, if applicable
STATISTICAL PROCESSING
Source data
— Description of the data source used for building the sampling frame (e.g. population register, household register,
dwelling register, population census, another survey, etc.), frequency of update and year of last update of the data
source, and method used for obtaining or creating the sampling frame. Survey name shall be indicated where another
survey has been used as a data source.
— Regarding sample design:
— If the ultimate sampling unit is different from the private household, it shall be reported
— Methods for sample design (e.g. simple random sampling; systematic sampling; stratified sampling; cluster
sampling, multiple stage sampling, combination of designs). If Member States use stratified sampling, the
stratification and sub-stratification criteria shall be reported. If Member States use multiple stage sampling, the
different stages and the corresponding probabilities (equal, unequal, proportional to size) shall be described. If
Member States use a combination of designs, the designs used shall be described.
— Sample size
(1) OJ L 330, 20.12.2019, p. 8.L 281/50 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
Data collection
— Description of methods used to conduct the interview (e.g. PAPI, CATI, CAPI, CASI, CAWI(2), and/or other sources
such as registers, other surveys, smart ways of data collection based on mobile apps, etc.) The variables collected based
on other sources shall be listed.
— Description of methods used to compile the consumption expenditure diary (e.g. pen and pencil diary, computer-based
diary, web diary, cash-register receipts, receipt scanning, loyalty cards, administrative data, mobile apps and/or other
sources of collecting data in a smart way, etc.)
Data compilation
— Household weightings: Each step of weighting should be described separately: design weights; weight adjustments for
non-response, weight adjustments to external data sources (calibration techniques used, level and variables used for the
adjustment), any other weight adjustments (e.g. trimming, top (bottom)-coding of the weight distribution to adjust for
outliers); final weights.
— Where imputation is used, any imputed variables shall be listed, the imputation procedure used shall be described and
the reasons for imputation shall be explained. The number of imputed values as a percentage of the total number of
observations shall be reported for each income and income component variable, including income in kind from non-
salaried activities, both at household and personal level.
ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY
Sampling error
— Precision requirements shall be expressed in standard errors for the indicator ‘Percentage of households whose
expenditure on housing-related categories including water, electricity, gas and other fuels, are more than 50 % of the
total expenditure’, and are defined as continuous functions of the actual estimate and of the size of the statistical
population in a country as defined in Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 for the consumption domain.
— For the total consumption expenditure (HE00) and the 2-digit COICOP level consumption expenditure (HE01 to HE13)
the mean, the total number of observations and the standard errors shall be reported at national level.
— Countries shall describe the methodology for calculating the precision estimates. Where the precision requirements are
reached by combining microdata concerning a maximum of three successive years of observations in line with point 8
of Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2019/1700, countries shall describe the relevant alternative methods used to estimate
and assess the precision.
Non-sampling error
Measurement error
The different sources of measurement errors likely to be found in the survey shall be described. This includes:
— Description and testing of the questionnaire and diary design,
— Description of interview training (e.g. number of training days, skills testing before starting the fieldwork (rate of
success, etc.)),
— Information on studies to check the impact of the interviewer, such as re-interviews, record check studies, or split-
sample experiments (if available), and results from models (if available).
(2) PAPI – traditional pen-and-paper personal interview; CATI – computer-assisted telephone interview; CAPI – computer-assisted
personal interview; CASI – self-completed computer-based interview; CAWI – computer assisted web interview.31.10.2022 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/51
Non-response error
Unit non-response
— Member States shall compute household non-response rates as follows:
Household non-response rates (NRh) shall be computed as follows:
NRh = (1-(Ra * Rh)) * 100,
Where:
Ra is the address contact rate, and it is computed as the Number of addresses successfully contacted divided by the Number of valid
addresses selected;
Rh is the proportion of completed household interviews accepted for the database, and it is computed as the Number of
household interviews completed and accepted for database divided by the Number of eligible households at contacted addresses.
— For those Member States where controlled substitutions are made in case of unit non-response, non-response rates shall
be calculated before and after substitution.
— Breakdowns of non-respondents by characteristics and reasons for non-response as far as available
— Description of any measures taken to correct for non-response, and evaluation of any difficulties such measures may
indirectly involve (e.g. calibration involving high and volatile weights)
— If controlled substitutions are applied in cases of unit non-response and under the provisions of Article 6(4), (5,) (6)
and (7), substitution rates shall be provided as well as a description of the method of selection of substitutes, main
characteristics of substituted units compared to the original units, distribution of substituted (original) units by number
of attempts for contact at address, household interview/diary acceptance, and household questionnaire/diary result.
— Number of households successfully contacted before and after substitution
— Number of responding households before and after substitution
— Gross sample size, number of eligible units and net sample size, including substitution units (achieved sample size)
needs to be provided
Item non-response
For variables Household Grid, Age (in completed years) of household member, Main activity status (self-defined), all income
and income component variables, Main source of income, Household Tenure Status, the following information shall be
provided:
— Percentages of households (per variable collected or compiled at household level) or percentage of persons (per variable
collected or compiled at personal level) having received an amount for each variable,
— Percentage of households (per variable collected or compiled at household level) or percentage of persons (per variable
collected or compiled at personal level) with missing values (before imputation) for each variable collected or compiled
at household/personal level. Variables constructed/collected from several component variables where there is a missing
value before imputation for at least one component at household/personal level shall be treated as variables with
missing values before imputation for that household/person.
Processing error
— Information to be provided about any errors in processing and their impact on the final data collection results arising
from faulty implementation of correctly planned implementation methods. An account shall be given of the main
errors detected in the post-data-collection process.L 281/52 EN Official Journal of the European Union 31.10.2022
— Description of the quality checks (e.g. data entry controls, coding controls, etc.) and the data editing process (e.g.
description of the main data editing rules regarding consumption expenditure and income variables).
— Imputation procedures shall be described. Information to be provided on the imputation rate calculated as the share of
observations imputed (for each variable) out of the total number of observations.
Data revision – policy
Information shall be provided about any policy designed to ensure the transparency of disseminated data, whereby the
preliminary data compiled are subsequently revised. If data are revised, this shall be reported.
Data revision -practice
— Schedule for revisions
— Main reasons for revisions and their nature (new source data available, new methods, etc.)
— Impact of revisions on indicators
COHERENCE AND COMPARABILITY
Coherence – cross domain
Coherence – EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC)
A comparison of the following income variables with EU-SILC shall either be implemented at national level or be validated
by the countries on the basis of calculations made by Eurostat: At-risk-of-poverty threshold (EUR), At-risk-of-poverty rate
(%), Relative at-risk-of-poverty gap, Income quintile share ratio S80/S20, Gini coefficient.
Coherence – Harmonised Indices of Consumer Prices (HICP)
A comparison of the structure of consumption expenditure at 2-digit COICOP level shall either be implemented at national
level or be validated by the countries on the basis of calculations made by Eurostat with the corresponding variables from
HICP.
Coherence – National accounts
A comparison of the structure of Consumption Expenditure at 2-digit COICOP level shall either be implemented at national
level or be validated by the countries on the basis of calculations made by Eurostat with the corresponding variables from
national accounts.
Coherence – internal
Any lack of coherence in the HBS data set shall be reported, together with explanations for such inconsistencies.