**Executive Summary**
The Ministry of Railways has sanctioned a Detailed Project Report (DPR) survey for seven projects in Kerala to explore the potential for 160 kmph high-speed rail. This is part of a larger effort to improve and upgrade railway tracks across India. These upgrades are expected to be completed by December 31, 2025. The government of Kerala has proposed the Silver Line Project.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **DPR Survey for High-Speed Rail in Kerala:**
* Surveys are sanctioned for preparing Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) for seven projects aimed at achieving 160 kmph higher speed potential in Kerala.
* **Routes Surveyed:**
* Shoranur-Mangalore 3rd & 4th Line (307 Km)
* Coimbatore-Shoranur 3rd & 4th Line (99 Km)
* Shoranur - Ernakulam 3rd Line (106 Km)
* Ernakulam-Kayankulam 3rd Line (via Kottayam) (115 Km)
* Kayankulam-Thiruvanathapuram 3rd Line (105 Km)
* Thiruvanathapuram-Nagercoil 3rd Line (71 Km)
* Turavur-Ambalappuzha Doubling (46 Km)
* **National Rail Upgrades and Enhancements:**
* Sectional speed tracks of 130+ kmph have expanded nearly four times in 11 years, covering 22.2% of the total network.
* Modern track structures, including 60kg, 90 UTS rails, pre-stressed concrete sleepers (PSC), and elastic fastening, are being used for track renewals.
* Thick Web Switches and Weldable CMS Crossings are implemented in turnout renewal works.
* 260m long rail panels are increasingly used to minimize welding, improving safety.
* Improved welding technologies (Flash Butt Welding) and Thick Web Switch Expansion Joints are adopted.
* Mechanized systems are used for track maintenance and laying activities.
* Integrated Track Monitoring Systems (ITMS) and Oscillation Monitoring System (OMS) are deployed for health assessment and maintenance.
* Electrical/Electronic Interlocking Systems have been installed at 6660 stations.
* Interlocking of Level Crossing Gates has been provided at 10097 Level Crossing Gates.
* Axle counters (BPAC) are used to ensure complete train arrival automatically.
* Automatic Block Signalling (ABS) is implemented to enhance line capacity.
* Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system "Kavach" has been implemented and commissioned on 1297 Route Kilometres.
* Complete Track Circuiting of stations has been provided at 6,665 stations.
* All unmanned level crossings on Broad Gauge routes have been eliminated.
**Impact Analysis**
**Stakeholder: Indian Railways**
**Impact:**
* The Railways' infrastructure is being upgraded with modern technologies to enhance safety, increase speed potential, and improve maintenance efficiency. The target date for most upgrades is set at December 31, 2025.
**Action Required:**
* Continue implementing the outlined upgrades and enhancements to meet safety and efficiency goals by 31.12.2025. Finalize and approve DPRs for the Kerala high-speed projects after consultations with relevant stakeholders.
* Firming up of Detailed Project Report (DPR), sanctioning of project requires consultation with various stakeholders including State Governments and necessary approvals viz. appraisal of NITI Aayog, Ministry of Finance etc.
**Stakeholder: Government of Kerala**
**Impact:**
* The State will benefit from enhanced rail connectivity and the potential for high-speed rail, but consultation is necessary for project approval.
**Action Required:**
* Collaborate with Indian Railways on the DPR process. Push the Silver Line project forward with the consideration that it is a stand-alone project.
**Stakeholder: Passengers / Public**
**Impact:**
* Passengers will benefit from increased safety, faster travel times, and improved railway infrastructure.
**Action Required:**
* No immediate action required but can expect improved rail services in the future.
Key Entities Referenced
Indian Railways: The primary organization undertaking railway track and signalling upgrades across India, including Kerala.
Kerala: The state where a DPR survey was sanctioned for 7 projects with 160 kmph high-speed potential.
Kavach: Indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system adopted as a National AT system.
NITI Aayog: A body involved in the appraisal process for sanctioning projects after the Detailed Project Report (DPR) is firmed up.
Ministry of Railways
DPR Survey Sanctioned for 7 Projects with 160
kmph High-Speed Potential in Kerala
130+ kmph Sectional Speed Tracks Grow Nearly 4 Times in
11 Years Across India, Expanding from 5,036 km to 23,477 km
and Now Covering 22.2% of Total Network
High-Speed and Safety Upgrades Achieved Through Modern
Rails, Mechanized Maintenance, Advanced Track Monitoring
System, Automatic Block Signalling and Complete Track
Circuiting
Posted On: 13 FEB 2026 3:36PM by PIB Delhi
To augment & improve the railway network in Kerala, the following surveys have been sanctioned for
preparation of Detailed Project Report (DPR) for higher speed potential of 160 kmph:
S. Route Length (Km)
No.
1 Shoranur-Mangalore 3rd & 4th Line 307
2 Coimbatore-Shoranur 3rd& 4th line 99
3 Shoranur – Ernakulam 3rd Line 106
4 Ernakulam-Kayankulam 3rd line (via Kottayam) 115
5 Kayankulam-Thiruvanathapuram 3rd Line 105
6 Thiruvanathapuram-Nagercoil 3rd Line 71
7 Turavur-Ambalappuzha Doubling 46
After firming up of Detailed Project Report (DPR), sanctioning of project requires consultation with
various stake-holders including State Governments and necessary approvals viz. appraisal of NITI Aayog,
Ministry of Finance etc. As sanctioning of projects is a continuous and dynamic process, exact timelines
cannot be fixed.Government of Kerala is currently working on a semi-high speed line named a Silver Line. The DPR of
Silver Line (Thiruvananthapuram–Kasaragod) project was prepared by Kerala Rail Development
Corporation Limited (KRDCL), a Joint Venture Company of State Government of Kerala and Ministry of
Railways. KRDCL has been advised to revise the DPR in line with latest technical standards, such as
adoption of broad gauge for integration with the Indian Railways network, flatter ruling gradient, proper
drainage scheme for yards and sections, provision of Kavach, 2×25 kV electrification and taking
environmental safeguards during construction & operation and integration with existing rail network etc.
However, Govt. of Kerala is insisting to consider Silver Line Project as stand alone project.
Upgradation and improvement of railway tracks and signalling on Indian Railways to increase the speed
potential have been carried out in a big way during last 11 years. Improvement of track infrastructure is a
continuous and ongoing process over Indian Railways. The following measures are being taken by Indian
Railways to upgrade railway tracks, signalling etc.:
i. Modern track structure consisting of 60kg, 90 Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) rails, Wider and
heavier Pre-stressed Concrete Sleepers (PSC) with elastic fastening, fan-shaped layout turnout on
PSC sleepers and H-beam Sleepers on girder bridges are being used while carrying out primary
track renewals.
ii. The Thick Web Switches and Weldable CMS Crossings are being used in turnout renewal works.
iii. Supply of 260m long rail panels have been increased to avoid welding of joints, thereby
improving safety and riding quality.
iv. Thick Web Switch Expansion Joints are being used in place of earlier Conventional/Improved
SEJs.
v. Adoption of better welding technology for rails i.e. Flash Butt Welding.
vi. Adoption of mechanized system for track maintenance using high output plain tampers and
points & crossing tampers for improved maintainability & reliability of track.
vii. Deployment of state-of-the-art modern machines including Rail Grinding Machines to further
improve asset reliability.
viii. Mechanisation of track laying activities through use of track machines like PQRS, TRT, T-28
etc.
ix. Use of advanced Phased Array technology of testing of rail and welds.
x. Deployment of Integrated Track Monitoring Systems (ITMS) and Oscillation Monitoring System
(OMS) for comprehensive health assessment to ascertain optimal maintenance requirements.
xi. Using web enabled Track Management System (TMS) for integration and data analytics of the
track inspection records received through various sources to enable precise maintenance inputs.
xii. Electrical/Electronic Interlocking Systems with centralized operation of points and signals in
place of old mechanical signalling have been provided at 6660 stations as on 31.12.2025.
xiii. Interlocking of Level Crossing Gates (LC) has been provided at 10097 Level Crossing Gates
upto 31.12.2025 for enhancing safety at LC Gate.
xiv. Axle counters for automatic clearance of Block Section, BPAC (Block Proving Axle Counter)
are provided to ensure complete arrival of train without manual intervention before granting line
clear to receive next train and to reduce human element. These systems have been provided on 6142
Block Sections up to 31.12.2025.xv. Automatic Block Signalling (ABS) that enhances line capacity within existing track
infrastructure has been provided at 6625 Route km upto 31.12.2025.
xvi. Indian Railways has also gone for implementation of indigenously developed Automatic Train
Protection (ATP) system which required safety certification of highest order. Kavach has also been
adopted as a National AT system in July 2020. After extensive and elaborate trials, Kavach version
4.0 has been successfully commissioned on 1297 Route Kilometres, covering the high density Delhi
- Mumbai and Delhi - Howrah routes. On the Delhi - Mumbai route Kavachver 4.0 has been
commissioned on Junction cabin - Palwal - Mathura - Nagda section (667 Rkm) & Ahmedabad -
Vadodara - Virar section (432 Rkm) and on the Delhi - Howrah route on Gaya - Saramatan (93
Rkm) and Bardhaman - Howrah section (105 Rkm).
xvii. Complete Track Circuiting of stations to enhance safety by verification of track occupancy by
electrical means has been provided at 6,665 stations up to 31.12.2025.
xviii. All unmanned level crossings (UMLCs) on Broad Gauge (BG) route have been eliminated by
January 2019.
As a result of above measures, there has been significant increase in speed potential of the tracks. The
details of speed potential of railway tracks during 2013-14 vis-a-vis 2025-26 are as under:
Sectional Speed 2013-14 2025-26 (up to Jan’26)
(kmph)
Track Km % Track Km %
130 & above 5,036 6.3 23,477 22.2
110 - 130 26,409 33.3 61,711 58.4
< 110 47,897 60.4 20,484 19.4
Total 79,342 100 1,05,672 100
On Indian Railways, the average speed of the train services is dependent inter alia on the Maximum
Permissible Speed (MPS) of the sections, track structure, geometry along the route including gradients and
curves, topographical conditions, number of stoppages enroute, line capacity utilisation of sections,
maintenance works in the section etc. Accordingly, the train services have been charted at the Maximum
Permissible Speed of the respective sections over which the trains are being operated. Further, speeding-up
of train services is an on-going process on Indian Railways.
This information was provided by the Union Minister for Railways, Information & Broadcasting and
Electronics & Information Technology, Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw, in a reply to questions in Rajya Sabha
today.
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Dharmendra Tewari/ Dr. Nayan Solanki/ Manik Sharma
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