**Executive Summary**
This report details the status of Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) projects across India as of April 2, 2026. It highlights a range of initiatives—operational, under execution, and proposed—aimed at capturing CO2 for industrial applications such as fuel production, enhanced oil recovery, and construction materials. These projects involve collaborations between the Ministry of Power, Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), private industry, and premier academic institutions.
**Key Points / Main Content**
**Operational Carbon Capture & Utilisation Projects**
* **Methanol Production:** NTPC Ltd. has commissioned a 3,000 Tonnes Per Annum (TPA) flue gas CO2-to-methanol plant at Vindhyachal, Madhya Pradesh.
* **Chemical Manufacturing:** A 60,000 TPA CO2 capture facility is operational in Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, managed by M/s Tuticorin Alkali Chemicals & Fertilizers Ltd.
* **Steel Industry Integration:** M/s JSW Steel operates a 500 Tonnes Per Day (TPD) CO2 capture unit from a Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) unit in Salav, Maharashtra.
**Projects Under Construction / Execution**
* **Alternative Fuels:** NTPC Ltd. is executing projects in Andhra Pradesh for CO2-to-Ethanol (3,000 TPA) and CO2-to-Sustainable Aviation Fuel (1,800 TPA).
* **Refinery Upgrades:** HPCL is finalizing a 24 Kilo Tonne Per Annum (KTPA) CCU unit at the Visakh Refinery, which is currently mechanically completed.
* **Sustainable Building Materials:** NTPC is developing a carbonated fly-ash brick plant in Telangana with a capacity of 2 lakh bricks per day.
* **Indigenous Technology Pilot:** Demonstration plants for coal-derived CO2 hydrogenation to Dimethyl-ether (DME) and methanol are under commissioning in Telangana and Maharashtra.
**Proposed Carbon Capture & Utilisation Projects**
* **Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR):** Multiple projects by Oil India Ltd (OIL) and ONGC are planned in Assam and Gujarat to use CO2 for reservoir injection and revitalizing oil fields.
* **Industrial Chemical Conversion:** Proposals include converting CO2 to acetic acid (Haryana and Odisha), polycarbonate (Odisha), and calcium carbonate (Madhya Pradesh).
* **Cement Industry Decarbonization:** Innovative interventions are proposed for cement plants in Odisha, Rajasthan, and Tamil Nadu to capture CO2 and mineralize it into concrete products and blocks.
* **Storage Feasibility:** A feasibility study is planned for CO2 transportation and storage in saline aquifers in the Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan.
**Impact Analysis**
**Stakeholder: Government and Public Sector Undertakings (NTPC, OIL, IOCL, HPCL, ONGC, BPCL, NRL)**
**Impact**
These entities are leading the transition toward green energy by hosting large-scale CCU pilots and commercial plants. They are responsible for the primary execution and funding of carbon reduction technologies.
**Action Required**
Continue the execution of projects under construction and initiate feasibility studies for proposed EOR and chemical conversion projects.
**Stakeholder: Private Industry Partners (JSW Steel, JSW Cement, Tata Chemicals, Dalmia Cement, JK Cement, Ultratech Cement, Thermax Ltd.)**
**Impact**
Private sectors in high-emission industries (steel, cement, chemicals) are being integrated into the CCU value chain. This allows them to lower their carbon impact and develop new revenue streams from CO2-derived products.
**Action Required**
Collaborate with knowledge partners to implement indigenous technologies and integrate CO2 capture units into existing manufacturing kilns and units.
**Stakeholder: Research and Academic Institutions (IITs, CSIR-IIP, CSIR-IICT, IISc, BITS Goa)**
**Impact**
These institutions serve as "Knowledge Partners," providing the technical expertise and indigenous technology development required for CO2 hydrogenation, mineralization, and capture processes.
**Action Required**
Focus on the development and demonstration of indigenous catalytic processes and integrated technologies to move projects from pilot phases to full commissioning.
Key Entities Referenced
Ministry of Power: The primary central ministry responsible for the oversight, implementation, and reporting of national green energy and carbon sequestration initiatives.
Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) Projects: The central initiative encompassing various operational and proposed projects designed to capture CO2 emissions and repurpose them into materials like methanol, ethanol, and cement.
NTPC Ltd.: A major state-owned power utility serving as the primary implementing agency for core projects, including the flue gas CO2-to-Methanol plant and Sustainable Aviation Fuel initiatives.
Oil India Ltd (OIL): A key implementing agency responsible for multiple proposed carbon capture, transportation, and Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) projects in Assam and Rajasthan.
Shri Shripad Naik: The Minister of State in the Ministry of Power who officially presented the status and details of these green energy projects to the Lok Sabha.
Ministry of Power
GREEN ENERGY PROJECTS
Posted On: 02 APR 2026 3:52PM by PIB Delhi
Several Carbon Capture and utilization projects are currently operational, under development, or
proposed, across different States/UTs. The details are given at Table.
State/UT- wise Details of Carbon Capture Utilization Projects (Operational, Under Construction,
Proposed)
A. Operational Carbon Capture & Utilisation Projects
State / UT Project Implementing Status:
S. No. Agency
Commissioned/
Operational
1. Madhya Pradesh 3,000 Tonnes Per Annum NTPC Ltd. Commissioned
(TPA) Flue Gas CO₂- to-
Methanol Plant at NTPC
Vindhyachal,
Vindhyanagar, Singrauli
2. Tamil Nadu 60,000 TPA CO₂ Capture M/s Tuticorin Operational
Facility, Tuticorin Alkali Chemicals
(Thoothukudi) & Fertilizers Ltd.
3. Maharashtra 500 Tonnes Per Day M/s JSW Steel Operational
(TPD) CO₂ Capture from
Direct Reduced Iron
(DRI) Unit at Salav
B. Carbon Capture & Utilisation Projects Under Construction / Under Execution
Sl. No. State / UT Project Implementing Status
Agency
1. Andhra Pradesh 3,000 TPA Flue Gas CO₂- to- NTPC Ltd. Under Execution
Ethanol (Gen-4) Project at
Pudimadaka2. Andhra Pradesh 1,800 TPA Flue Gas CO₂- to- NTPC Ltd Under Execution
Sustainable Aviation Fuel
(SAF) project at Pudimadaka
3. Andhra Pradesh 24 Kilo Tonne Per Annum Hindustan Under Execution -
(KTPA CCU) Unit at HPCL Petroleum Mechanically
Visakh Refinery, Malkapuram, Corporation Completed
Visakhapatnam Limited
(HPCL)
4. Telangana Carbonated Fly- Ash Brick (C- NTPC Ltd Under Execution
brick) Plant (capacity 2 Lakh
C-Brick/Day) at NTPC
Ramagundam
5. Maharashtra Development and Knowledge Under
demonstration of an Partner: IIT Commissioning
indigenously developed Delhi
integrated technology of CO2
Industry
capture from the recently
Partner:
demonstrated 1 TPD coal-to-
Thermax Ltd.
methanol pilot plant and its
conversion to methanol at
Pune, Maharashtra
6. Telangana To develop an indigenous Knowledge Under
catalytic process for coal Partner: CSIR- Commissioning
derived CO2 hydrogenation to IICT
Dimethyl-ether (DME) at
Industry
moderate temperature and
Partner: BHEL
pressures at Hyderabad
Ltd
C. Proposed Carbon Capture& Utilisation Projects
S. No. State / UT Project Implementing Agency
1. Assam Carbonated Water Injection (CWI) is Oil India Ltd (OIL)
planned in one of OIL’s reservoirs in
Dikom field located in its operational
areas in Assam.
2. Assam Feasibility Study of CO2 EOR Including Oil India Ltd (OIL)
CO2 Transportation & Injection in
Makum-North Hapjan Field of Assam3. Assam Revitalization of Kathaloni LK+TH Sand Oil India Ltd (OIL)
(KLN001 Block) Reservoir through
Modelling Study along with
Identification of Potential for Amenable
EOR Scheme in Kathaloni Oilfield
4. Assam CO + CO₂ Recovery (270 TPD + 190 Numaligarh Refinery Limited
TPD) at Numaligarh (NRL)
5. Andhra Vacuum Swing Adsorption Process for Knowledge
Pradesh Carbon dioxide Capture from Cement
Partner-
Kiln Gas and its Utilization within the
Construction Material Value Chain. CSIR-Indian Institute of
Petroleum (CSIR-IIP),
Dehradun, IIT-Tirupati and
IISc, Bengaluru.
Industry
Partner- JSW Cement
Ltd.
6. Gujarat 1,500 TPD CO₂- Enhanced Oil Recovery Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
(EOR) at Gujarat refinery, Vadodara (IOCL) + Oil and Natural Gas
Corporation Limited (ONGC
Ltd.)
7. Gujarat Initiative on the feasibility of CCUS in Oil and Natural Gas
form of CO2-EOR in the mature water Corporation Limited (ONGC
flooded reservoirs of Gandhar in Gujarat. Ltd.)
8. Madhya 15 TPD CO₂- to- Calcium Carbonate Bharat Petroleum Corporation
Pradesh Plant (Bina Refinery) at Bina Limited (BPCL)
9. Haryana 440 TPD CO₂- to- Acetic Acid (Panipat Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
Refinery) at Panipat (IOCL)
10. Odisha 132 TPD CO₂- to- Polycarbonate at Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
Paradip Refinery (IOCL)
11. Odisha 348 TPD of CO2 to Acetic Acid at Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
Paradip Refinery (IOCL)12. Odisha Water-based catalyst-driven CO2 capture Knowledge Partner: Indian
process, at a scale of 2 TPD, designed for Institute of Technology
integration within a live cement plant, Bombay (IIT-B)
enabling conversion of captured CO2 into
calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate
Industry Partner: Dalmia
and formic acid.
Cement (Bharat) Limited
13. Odisha Carbon-negative using solvent-based Knowledge Partner:
carbon capture technology at a scale of 1
IIT Kanpur
TPD and utilizing captured CO2 for
mineralisation into concrete using ICCM Industry Partner:
(Integrated Carbon Capture and
JSW Cement
Mineralization) technology.
14. Rajasthan Oxygen-based Calcination to capture Knowledge Partner:
2 TPD (Tonnes Per Day) of CO2 and its
National Council for
utilization (0.4 TPD) in lightweight
concrete products and olefins. Cement and Building
Material, Ballabhgarh
(NCCBM), IIT Roorkee
Industry Partner:
JK Cement Ltd.
15. Rajasthan Feasibility Study of CO2 Transportation Oil India Ltd (OIL)
and Storage in Saline Aquifers/
Reservoirs of Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan
16. Tamil Nadu Innovative Interventions in Cement Knowledge
Industry for Lowering Carbon Impact.
Partner-
New kiln burning technology based on
oxygen-enriched burning, capture using IIT Madras &
adsorption/absorption, and mineralization
BITS Goa
of captured CO2 (2 TPD) using concrete
Industry Partner-
blocks, waste concrete fines and concrete
plant sludge. Ultratech Cement Ltd
This Information was given by The Minister of State in the Ministry Of Power, Shri Shripad Naik, in a
written reply in the Lok Sabha today.
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