Date: 2025-12-05Category: Press ReleaseState: Union GovernmentCountry: India
Kavach 4.0 Commissioned on 738 Route km Across Palwal–Mathura-Nagda Section (633 Rkm) on the Delhi-Mumbai Route and Howrah-Bardhaman Section (105 Rkm) on the Delhi-Howrah Route
**Executive Summary**
The Ministry of Railways has commissioned Kavach 4.0, an indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system, on 738 route km across the Delhi-Mumbai and Delhi-Howrah routes. Trackside Kavach implementation has been taken up on 15,512 Rkm. Kavach 4.0 enhances passenger safety with improved location accuracy and signal information, among other features. RDSO approved Kavach specification version 4.0 on 16.07.2024.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Kavach System Overview:**
* Kavach is an indigenous ATP system requiring the highest safety certification (SIL-4).
* It assists Loco Pilots by automatically applying brakes within specified speed limits, even in inclement weather.
* Adopted as the National ATP system in July 2020.
* **Kavach 4.0 Features:**
* Higher location accuracy.
* Improved yard signal information.
* OFC-based station interface.
* Direct interface to electronic interlocking integration.
* **Kavach Implementation Activities:**
* Installation of Station Kavach at each station and block section.
* Installation of RFID Tags along the track length.
* Installation of telecom towers throughout the section.
* Laying of Optical Fibre Cable along the track.
* Provision of Loco Kavach on every locomotive.
* **Kavach 4.0 Deployment:**
* Commissioned on 738 Route km on Palwal – Mathura- Nagda section (633 Rkm) on Delhi – Mumbai route and Howrah-Bardhaman section (105 Rkm) Delhi – Howrah route.
* Planned for large-scale deployment across Indian Railways.
* **Implementation Progress (as of document date):**
* Optical Fibre Cable laid: 7129 Km
* Telecom Towers installed: 860
* Kavach provided at Stations: 549
* Trackside Equipment installed: 2674 RKm
* Kavach provided on Locos: 4,154
* **Kavach Expansion:**
* Trackside implementation work underway on 15,512 Rkm covering GQ, GD, HDN, and identified sections.
* Bids invited for equipping 9,069 more locomotives with Kavach 4.0.
* **Training and Cost:**
* Specialized training programs are conducted at centralized training institutes.
* Over 40,000 technicians, operators, and engineers trained.
* Trackside Kavach costs approximately Rs. 50 Lakhs/Km.
* Locomotive Kavach costs approximately Rs. 80 Lakh/Loco.
* **Funding:**
* Funds utilized up to Oct'25: Rs. 2,354.36 Crores.
* Allocated funds for 2025-26: Rs. 1673.19 Crores.
**Impact Analysis**
**Loco Pilots & Assistant Loco Pilots**
* **Impact:** Enhanced safety due to automatic brake application and speed limit enforcement. They are required to operate Kavach-equipped locomotives.
* **Action Required:** Attend specialized training programs on Kavach technology.
**Railway Technicians, Operators, and Engineers**
* **Impact:** Need to understand and maintain Kavach technology.
* **Action Required:** Participate in specialized training to operate and maintain Kavach systems.
**Passengers**
* **Impact:** Enhanced safety due to the Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system, reducing the risk of accidents.
* **Action Required:** None, benefit from safer rail travel.
Key Entities Referenced
Kavach: An indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system by Indian Railways.
Indian Railways: The railway network deploying Kavach for safety and efficiency.
Ministry of Railways
Kavach 4.0 Commissioned on 738 Route km
Across Palwal–Mathura-Nagda Section (633
Rkm) on the Delhi-Mumbai Route and Howrah-
Bardhaman Section (105 Rkm) on the Delhi-
Howrah Route
Trackside Kavach Implementation Taken Up on 15,512 Rkm
Covering All Golden Quadrilateral, Golden Diagonal, High
Density Network and Identified Sections of Indian Railways
Kavach 4.0 Features Higher Location Accuracy, Improved
Yard Signal Information, OFC-Based Station Interface and
Direct Interface to Electronic Interlocking Integration to
Enhance Passenger Safety
प्रव तथ: 05 DEC 2025 2:31PM by PIB Delhi
1. Kavach is an indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system. Kavach is a
highly technology intensive system, which requires safety certification of highest order (SIL-
4).
2. Kavach aids the Loco Pilot in running of trains within specified speed limits by automatic
application of brakes in case Loco Pilot fails to do so and also helps the trains to run safely
during inclement weather.
3. The first field trials on the passenger trains were started in February 2016. Based on the
experience gained and Independent Safety Assessment of the system by Independent Safety
Assessor (ISA), three firms were approved in 2018-19, for supply of Kavach Ver 3.2.
4. Kavach was adopted as the National ATP system in July 2020.
5. Implementation of Kavach System involves following Key Activities:
i. Installation of Station Kavach at each and every station, block section.
ii. Installation of RFID Tags throughout the track length.
iii. Installation of telecom Towers throughout the section.
iv. Laying of Optical Fibre Cable along the track.
v. Provision of Loco Kavach on each and every Locomotive running on Indian Railways.
6. Based on deployment of Kavach version 3.2 on 1465 RKm on South Central Railway and
experience gained, further improvements were made. Finally, Kavach specification version
4.0 was approved by RDSO on 16.07.2024.7. Kavach version 4.0 covers all the major features required for the diverse railway network.
This is a significant milestone in safety for Indian Railways. Within a short period, IR has
developed, tested and started deploying Automatic Train Protection System.
8. Major improvement in Version 4.0 includes increased Location Accuracy, Improved
Information of Signal Aspects in bigger yards, Station to Station Kavach interface on OFC
and Direct Interface to existing Electronic Interlocking System. With these improvements,
Kavach Ver.4.0. is planned for large scale deployment over Indian Railways.
9. After extensive and elaborate trials, Kavach Version 4.0 has been successfully commissioned
on 738 Route km on Palwal – Mathura- Nagda section (633 Rkm) on Delhi – Mumbai route
and Howrah–Bardhaman section (105 Rkm) Delhi – Howrah route. Kavach implementation
has been taken up in balance sections of Delhi – Mumbai & Delhi – Howrah corridors.
10. Progress of key items of Kavach on High density routes including Delhi– Mumbai & Delhi–
Howrah corridors are as under:
SN Item Progress
i Laying of Optical Fibre Cable 7129 Km
ii Installation of Telecom Towers 860 nos
iii Provision of Kavach at Stations 549 nos
iv Installation of Track side 2674 RKm
equipment
v Provision of Kavach on Locos 4,154
11. Further, track side Kavach implementation work has been taken up on 15,512 RKm covering
all GQ, GD, HDN and identified sections of Indian Railways.
12. Bids have been invited for equipping another 9,069 locomotives with Kavach version 4.0.
Kavach is being provided progressively in a phased manner in locomotives.
13. Specialized training programmes on Kavach are being conducted at centralized training
institutes of Indian Railways to impart training to all concerned officials. By now more than
40,000 technicians, operators and engineers have been trained on Kavach technology. This
includes 30,000 Loco Pilots & Assistant Loco Pilots. Courses have been designed in
collaboration with IRISET.
14. The cost for provision of Track Side including Station equipment of Kavach is approximately
Rs. 50 Lakhs/Km and cost for provision of Kavach equipment on locomotives is
approximately Rs. 80 Lakh/Loco.
15. The funds utilized on Kavach works so far up to Oct'25 is Rs. 2,354.36 Crores. The allocation
of funds during the year 2025-26 is Rs. 1673.19 Crores. Requisite funds are made available as
per the progress of works.
This information was provided by the Union Minister for Railways, Information & Broadcasting and
Electronics & Information Technology, Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw, in a written reply to a question in Rajya
Sabha today.
*****Dharmendra Tewari/ Dr. Nayan Solanki/ Manik Sharma
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