Home India Ministry of Finance Monthly Economic Review March 2018...
Date: 2018-03-01 Category: Monthly Economic Review State: Union Government Country: India

Monthly Economic Review March 2018

Issued by Ministry of Finance · Department of Economic Affairs

Research with AI Agent Chat with Document Generate Summary Translate Helpful Share Add to Project Create Task

Executive Summary & Key Takeaways

**Executive Summary** This Monthly Economic Report from the Ministry of Finance, Department of Economic Affairs, Economic Division, presents highlights and key economic indicators for March 2018, along with some data up to February 2018. The report analyses various sectors, including economic growth, agriculture, industry, financial markets, and external trade, in addition to major economic decisions during March 2018. **Key Points / Main Content** **Economic Growth:** * GDP growth at constant prices for the third quarter of 2017-18 was 7.2%, higher than the previous quarters. * GDP growth at constant prices for the year 2017-18 is estimated at 6.6%, compared to 7.1% in 2016-17. * Gross Value Added (GVA) at constant basic prices for 2017-18 is estimated at 6.4%. **Agriculture and Food Management:** * Food-grains production for 2017-18 is estimated at 277.5 million tonnes. * As of March 1, 2018, rice procurement during the Kharif marketing season was 30.1 million tonnes, and wheat procurement during the Rabi marketing season was 30.8 million tonnes. * Total stocks of rice and wheat held by FCI as of March 1, 2018, were 47.9 million tonnes. * Rainfall from March 1, 2018 to April 11, 2018 was 31% below normal. **Industry and Infrastructure:** * IIP grew by 7.1% in February 2018. * Production of eight core industries grew by 5.3% in February 2018. * Cement production rebounded since November 2017, growing by 22.9% in February 2018. * Coal production grew by 1.4% in February 2018. * The number of telephone subscribers reached 1180 million at the end of February 2018. **Financial Markets:** * Money supply growth as of March 30, 2018, stood at 9.6%. * Aggregate deposits of Scheduled Commercial Banks grew by 6.7%. **External Sector:** * Merchandise exports and imports increased by 0.7% and 7.1%, respectively, in March 2018. * Foreign exchange reserves stood at US$ 424.4 billion as of March 30, 2018. * The rupee depreciated against the US dollar, Pound sterling, Euro and Japanese Yen in March 2018. * India’s external debt stood at US$ 513.4 billion at the end of December 2017. **Inflation:** * CPI inflation declined to 4.3% in March 2018. * WPI inflation remained at 2.5% in March 2018. **Public Finance:** * The fiscal deficit for 2018-19 is budgeted to decline to 3.3% of GDP. **Major Economic Decisions (March 2018):** * The Union Cabinet approved the proposal for establishment of National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA). * The Union Cabinet approved the proposal for the Ministry of Finance to introduce the Fugitive Economic Offenders Bill, 2018 in Parliament. **Impact Analysis** **Ministry of Finance / Economic Division** *Impact:* Provides a comprehensive overview of the economic performance and key indicators for March 2018. *Action Required:* Utilize the information for policy formulation, economic planning, and monitoring economic trends. **Government and Policymakers:** *Impact:* Provides insights into various sectors of the economy, supporting informed decision-making. *Action Required:* Consider the report's findings when formulating and implementing economic policies and strategies. **Businesses and Industries:** *Impact:* Offers information on key economic indicators, industry-specific data, and market trends. *Action Required:* Use the report to inform business strategies, investment decisions, and operational planning. **Economists and Researchers:** *Impact:* Provides a valuable source of data and analysis on the Indian economy. *Action Required:* Utilize the report for research purposes, economic modeling, and forecasting.

Key Entities Referenced

Ministry of Finance: The primary ministry responsible for economic policy and financial regulation. Gross Domestic Product (GDP): A primary indicator of economic activity and growth, extensively discussed in the report. Index of Industrial Production (IIP): Measures the changes in the volume of production by the industrial sector. Consumer Price Index (CPI): Measure of change in retail prices of goods and services consumed by the population Union Budget: The central government's annual financial statement, a key policy document.
Official Source Record View Original Source →
See Full Document Text
Ministry of Finance Department of Economic Affairs Economic Division 4(8)/Ec. Dn. /2017 MONTHLY ECONOMIC REPORT MARCH 2018 ***** HIGHLIGHTS  The growth of GDP at constant prices for third quarter of 2017-18 was 7.2 per cent, which was higher as compared to the growth registered in previous four quarters.  The growth of GDP at constant prices for the year 2017-18 is estimated to be 6.6 per cent, as compared to 7.1 per cent in 2016-17.  The production of food-grains during 2017-18 is estimated at 277.5 million tonnes (second advance estimate), as compared to 275.1 million tonnes in 2016-17 (final estimate). The total stocks of rice and wheat held by FCI as on 1st March 2018 was 47.9 million tonnes, as compared to 40.7 million tonnes as on 1st March 2017.  IIP grew by 7.1 per cent in February 2018, as compared to a growth of 1.2 per cent in February 2017. IIP growth during April- February 2017-18 was 4.3 per cent, as compared to growth of 4.7 per cent during April- February 2016-17.  Production of Eight Core industries grew by 5.3 per cent in February 2018, as compared to 0.6 per cent in February 2017.  Growth of money supply (on year on year basis) as of 30th March 2018 stood at 9.6 per cent, as compared to a growth of 6.9 per cent recorded in the corresponding period in the previous year.  The value of merchandise exports and imports increased by 0.7 per cent and 7.1 per cent respectively in US$ terms in March 2018 over March 2017.  Foreign Exchange Reserves stood at US$ 424.4 billion as on 30th March 2018.  The CPI inflation decreased to 4.3 per cent in March 2018 from 4.4 per cent in February 2018. The WPI inflation remained unchanged at 2.5 per cent in March 2018 as reported in the previous month.  The budget estimate of the fiscal deficit for 2018-19 has been set at 3.3 per cent of GDP, as compared to 3.5 per cent in 2017-18(RE). _________________________________ This report is based on the information received from Macro unit, Agriculture unit, Industry & Infrastructure unit, Money & Banking unit, Price unit, Trade & BOP unit, EDMU, Public Finance unit of the Economic Division and Aid, Accounts and Audit Division. The Report is prepared by Shri Pradyut Kumar Pyne, Shri Narendra Jena (Economic Officer), and Ms. Aakanksha Arora (Deputy Director) under the supervision of Shri Arvinder Singh Sachdeva (Senior Economic Adviser). 11. ECONOMIC GROWTH  The second advance estimates (2nd AE) of national income released by Central Statistics Office (CSO) on 28th February 2018, estimated the growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at constant market prices for the year 2017-18 to be 6.6 per cent (Figure 1 and Table 1).  The growth rate of GDP at constant market prices was 7.1 per cent (first revised estimate) in 2016-17 and 8.2 per cent in 2015-16 (second revised estimate).  The growth in Gross Value Added (GVA) at constant basic prices for the year 2017-18 is estimated to be 6.4 per cent (2nd AE). At the sectoral level, agriculture, industry and services sectors grew at the rate of 3.0 per cent, 4.8 per cent and 8.3 per cent respectively in 2017-18.  As per the quarterly estimates, the growth of GDP at constant prices for third quarter (October-December) of 2017-18 was 7.2 per cent, as compared to the growth of 6.8 per cent recorded in the corresponding quarter of the previous year.  The upswing in quarterly growth, which started in the second quarter of 2017-18, sustained with an even higher growth in third quarter (Figure 2 and Table 2).  The share of total final consumption in GDP at current prices in 2017-18 is estimated to be at 70.2 per cent, as compared to 69.9 per cent in 2016-17. The fixed investment rate (ratio of gross fixed capital formation to GDP) is estimated to be at 28.5 per cent in 2017-18, same as in previous two years.  The saving rate (measured as a share of gross saving to GDP) for the year 2016-17 was 30.0 per cent, as compared to 31.3 per cent in 2015-16. The investment rate (measured as a share of gross capital formation to GDP) was 30.6 per cent in 2016-17, as compared to 32.3 per cent in 2015-16. 2. AGRICULTURE AND FOOD MANAGEMENT  Rainfall: The cumulative rainfall received for the country as a whole, during the period 1st March 2018 to 11th April 2018, has been 31 per cent below normal. The actual rainfall received during this period has been 29.9 mm, as against the normal at 43.3 mm. Out of the total 36 meteorological subdivisions, 8 subdivisions received large excess rainfall, 1 subdivision received excess rainfall, 6 subdivisions received normal rainfall, 13 subdivisions received deficient rainfall, 6 subdivisions received large deficient rainfall and 2 subdivisions received no rain at all. 2 All India production of food-grains: As per the 2nd AE released by Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare on 27th February 2018, the production of food-grains during 2017-18 is estimated at 277.5 million tonnes, as compared to 275.1 million tonnes in 2016-17 (Final Estimate) (Table 3).  Procurement: Procurement of rice as on 1st March 2018, during kharif marketing season 2017-18 was 30.1 million tonnes, whereas procurement of wheat during rabi marketing season 2017-18 was 30.8 million tonnes (Table 4).  Offtake: The offtake of rice in all schemes during the month of January 2018 has been 27.7 lakh tonnes. This comprises 25.8 lakh tonnes under TPDS/NFSA (offtake against the allocation for the month of February 2018) and 2 lakh tonnes under other schemes. In respect of wheat, the total offtake has been 20.8 lakh tonnes comprising of 18.4 lakh tonnes under TPDS/NFSA (offtake against the allocation for the month of February 2018) and 2.4 lakh tonnes under other schemes. The cumulative offtake of food-grains during 2017-18 is 54.1 million tonnes (Table 5).  Stocks: The total stocks of rice and wheat held by FCI as on 1st March 2018 was 47.9 million tonnes, as compared to 40.7 million tonnes as on 1st March 2017 (Table 6). 3. INDUSTRY AND INFRASTRUCTURE Index of Industrial Production (IIP)  The general IIP grew by 7.1 per cent in February 2018, as compared to a growth of 1.2 per cent in February 2017. The cumulative growth of IIP for the period April- February 2017-18 was 4.3 per cent, as compared to a growth of 4.7 per cent during the corresponding period of previous year (Table 7).  The growth of production of the manufacturing sector was 8.7 per cent in February 2018, as compared to the growth of only 0.7 per cent in February 2017 (Figure 3). The manufacturing sector’s growth during April- February 2017-18 was 4.6 per cent, as compared to growth of 4.4 per cent during April- February 2016-17.  Growth of the manufacturing sector has been strong during the period November 2017 to February 2018.  The average growth of manufacturing production during November-February 2017-18 was 9.1 per cent as compared to the growth of 2.0 per cent during the corresponding period of the previous year.  The production of the mining sector contracted by 0.3 per cent in February 2018, as compared to a growth of 4.6 per cent in February 2017. During April- February 2017-18, production of this sector grew by 2.3 per cent, as compared to a growth of 4.8 per cent during same period of previous year.  In terms of use based classification, all sectors, namely, primary goods, capital goods, intermediate goods, infrastructure/construction goods, consumer durable goods and consumer non-durable goods have registered positive growth. Notably, the output of the capital goods sector, a proxy for the investment activity of the economy grew by 20 per cent in February 2018, a 27 months high. 3Performance of Eight Core Industries  Production of eight core infrastructure industries grew by 5.3 per cent in February 2018, as compared to 0.6 per cent in February 2017. On cumulative basis, during April-February 2017-18, the production of eight core industries grew by 4.3 per cent, as compared to the growth of 4.7 per cent in the corresponding period of previous year (Table 8).  The growth in cement production has rebounded since November 2017. Production of the sector grew by 22.9 per cent in February 2018, as compared to a contraction of 15.8 per cent in February 2017 (Figure 4). During April- February 2017-18, cement production grew by 5.7 per cent, as compared to a growth of (-) 0.6 per cent during the same period of the previous year.  Production of the steel sector increased by 5.0 per cent in February 2018, as compared to an increase of 8.7 per cent in February 2017.  Coal production grew by 1.4 per cent in February 2018, as compared to a growth of 6.6 per cent in February 2017. Crude oil and natural gas production contracted in February 2018 by 2.4 per cent and 1.5 per cent respectively.  Growth of production of petroleum refinery products was 7.8 per cent in February 2018, as compared to a contraction of 2.8 per cent in February 2017. Production of fertilizers grew by 5.3 per cent in February 2018, as compared to a contraction of 4.0 per cent in February 2017. Some Infrastructure Indicators  The number of telephone subscribers in India increased from 1175 million at the end of January 2018 to 1180 million at end February 2018. The overall tele-density in India stood at 90.9 per hundred individuals at end February 2018; the urban tele-density was 163.2 and rural tele-density was 57.5.  The traffic handled in major ports grew by 4.8 per cent to 679.4 million tonnes in 2017-18, from 648.4 million tonnes in the corresponding period of previous year.  The addition to power generation capacity was about 9,505 MW during April-March 2017-18, as compared to 14,209 MW during the previous year.  The total installed capacity for electricity generation was 3,44,002 MW at the end of March 2018, of which the share of thermal, hydro, renewable and nuclear sources was 64.8 per cent, 13.2 per cent, 20.1 per cent and 2.0 per cent respectively.  As per the Central Electricity Authority, electricity generation grew by 3.1 per cent in March 2018. The electricity generation grew by of 4.0 per cent in 2017-18. 44. FINANCIAL MARKETS Money and Banking  Money Supply: Growth of money supply on year on year (Y-o-Y) basis as of 30th March 2018 stood at 9.6 per cent, as compared to a growth of 6.9 per cent recorded in the corresponding period in the previous year. As regards the components of money supply, the growth of ‘currency with the public’ was 39.2 per cent as of 30th March 2018, as compared to the growth of (-) 20.8 per cent registered during the corresponding period a year ago. The growth rate of ‘time deposits with banks’ was 6.2 per cent as of 30th March 2018, as compared to the growth of 10.2 per cent in recorded in the corresponding period a year ago. On the other hand, ‘demand deposits’ grew by 6.8 per cent as of 30th March 2018, as compared to the growth of 18.4 per cent during the same period last year. The details of sources of money supply are given in Table 9.  Growth of Aggregate deposits of Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) as of 30th March 2018 was 6.7 per cent (on Y-o-Y basis), as compared to 11.3 per cent recorded during the corresponding date of the previous year. In terms of bank credit, growth was 10.3 per cent as of 30th March 2018, as compared to 4.5 per cent in the corresponding period a year ago. The growth of investment in Government and other approved securities by SCBs was 10.0 per cent as of 30th March 2018, as compared to 17.4 per cent in the corresponding period of the previous year.  Lending and deposit rates: The base lending rate as of 6th April 2018 was 8.70/9.45 per cent as compared to 9.10/9.60 per cent during the corresponding period a year ago. The term deposit rates for above one year was 6.25/6.75 per cent as of 6th April 2018, as compared to 6.50/7.00 per cent during the corresponding period a year ago. 5. EXTERNAL SECTOR Merchandise Trade  Foreign trade: The value of merchandise exports and imports increased by 0.7 per cent and 7.1 per cent respectively in US$ terms in March 2018 over March 2017. During March 2018, oil imports and non-oil imports increased by 13.9 per cent and 5.0 per cent respectively over March 2017 (Table 10).  During 2017-18, the value of merchandise exports and imports increased by 9.8 per cent and 19.6 per cent respectively (Figure 5). Oil imports and non-oil imports increased by 25.5 per cent and 17.9 per cent respectively in 2017-18.  The value of merchandise trade deficit in March 2018 was US$ 13.7 billion, as compared to the level of US$ 10.7 billion in March 2017. During 2017-18, merchandise trade deficit increased to US$ 156.8 billion, as compared to US$ 108.5 billion in 2016-17. 5India’s Balance of Payments:  India’s current account deficit (CAD) was US$ 13.5 billion (2.0 per cent of GDP) in third quarter (October –December) of 2017-18, as compared to US$ 8.0 billion (1.4 per cent of GDP) in the corresponding quarter of 2016 -17 (Figure 6). On cumulative basis, CAD stood at US$ 35.6 billion (1.9 per cent of GDP) during April-December of 2017-18, as compared to US$ 11.8 billion (0.7 per cent of GDP) during the corresponding period of 2016 -17 (Table 11).  During April-December 2017, the net invisibles balance (invisible receipts minus invisible payments) was US$ 83.2 billion, as compared to US$ 71.0 billion in the corresponding period of the previous year.  Net FDI inflows during April-December 2017 moderated to US$ 23.7 billion from US$ 30.6 billion during the corresponding period of the previous year. Portfolio investment recorded a net inflow of US$ 19.8 billion during April- December 2017 as against a net outflow of US$ 3.2 billion in the corresponding period a year ago.  Foreign Exchange Reserves: Foreign Exchange Reserves stood at US$ 424.4 billion as on 30th March 2018, as compared to US$ 370.0 billion at end- March 2017 (Table 12 and Figure 7).  In 2017-18 (till 30th March 2018), there was an accretion of US$ 54.4 billion to the foreign exchange reserves (Table 12). Note: RTP: Reserve Tranche Position, SDRs: Special Drawing Rights Exchange Rate:  The rupee depreciated against the US dollar, Pound sterling, Euro and Japanese Yen by 1.0 per cent, 0.8 per cent, 0.9 per cent and 2.8 per cent respectively in March 2018 over February 2018 (Table 13 and Figure 8). However, during 2017-18, the rupee 6appreciated vis-à-vis US$ by 4.1 per cent. External Debt:  India’s external debt stood at US$ 513.4 billion at end-December 2017, recording an increase of 8.8 per cent over the level at end-March 2017. Long-term debt was US$ 415.8 billion at end-December 2017 as compared to US$ 383.7 billion at end- March 2017. Short-term external debt was US$ 97.6 billion at end-December 2017, as compared to US$ 88.1 billion at end-March 2017 (Figure 9). 6. INFLATION Inflation based on Consumer Price Indices (CPIs):  The all India Consumer Price Index – Combined (CPI-C) inflation declined to 4.3 per cent in March 2018 from 4.4 per cent in February 2018. Food inflation based on Consumer Food Price Index (CFPI) decreased to 2.8 per cent in March 2018 from 3.3 per cent in February 2018, on account of fall in inflation in meat & fish, egg, milk & products, vegetables and sugar & confectionery. CPI Fuel and light inflation for March 2018 declined to 5.7 per cent as compared to 6.9 per cent in February 2018.  Headline inflation based on Consumer Price Index (Combined) for 2017-18 averaged 3.6 per cent (provisional), as compared to 4.5 per cent in 2016-17 and 4.9 per cent in 2015-16.  Inflation based on CPI-IW for February 2018 decreased to 4.7 per cent from 5.1 per cent in January 2018. Inflation based on CPI-AL and CPI-RL stood at 2.3 per cent and 2.5 per cent respectively in February 2018 (Table 15). Inflation based on Wholesale Price Index (WPI):  The WPI inflation remained same at 2.5 per cent in March 2018, as reported in the previous month. WPI food inflation (food articles + food products) decreased to (-) 0.1 per cent in March 2018 from to 0.1 per cent in February 2018.  Inflation in Fuel & power increased to 4.7 per cent in March 2018, as compared to 3.8 per cent in February 2018.  Inflation for manufactured products was 3.0 per cent in March 2018, which was the same as in February 2018. 7 Inflation for Non-food manufactured products (core) decreased to 3.5 per cent in March 2018, as compared to 3.9 per cent in February 2018.  The average WPI inflation stood at 2.9 per cent (provisional) in 2017-18, as compared to 1.7 per cent in 2016-17. Global Commodity Prices (based on the World Bank Pink Sheet data)  Food inflation based on World Bank Food index stood at 2.1 per cent in March 2018, as compared to (-)1.8 per cent in February 2018. Energy prices as measured by the World Bank energy index increased by 23.9 per cent (Y-o-Y) and ‘metals & minerals’ decreased by 9.2 per cent in March 2018 (Table 16). 7. PUBLIC FINANCE  The Union Budget 2018-19 was presented on 1st February 2018. As per the revised estimate for 2017-18, the fiscal deficit of the Central Government as percentage of GDP is 3.5 per cent, as against the corresponding budget estimate of 3.2 per cent. The fiscal deficit is budgeted to decline to 3.3 per cent of GDP in 2018-19 (Figure 11).  The Budget estimates for revenue deficit, as percentage of GDP at current market price for 2018-19 is 2.2 per cent, as compared to 2.6 per cent in 2017- 18(RE).  The growth in provisional figures for 2017-18 (April-February) over 2016-17 are as follows: o Gross tax revenue for the financial year 2017-18 (April- February) was ` 15,68,391 crore, recorded a growth of 15.8 per cent over 2016-17. o Revenue Receipts (net to Centre) increased by 7.6 per cent in 2017-18 (April- February) to ` 11,77,678 crore. o Tax revenue (net to Centre) increased to ` 1,05,546 crore, a growth of 17.0 per cent over 2016-17. o Non-tax revenue of ` 1,42,132 crore, decreased by 32.0 per cent. o Revenue expenditure increased by 10.7 per cent. o Capital expenditure increased by 38.3 per cent. o Total expenditure amounting ` 19,99,171 crore, increased by 14.0 per cent. 8. SOME MAJOR ECONOMIC DECISIONS IN MARCH 2018  The Union Cabinet approved the proposal for establishment of National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA). The establishment of NFRA as an independent regulator for the auditing profession is one of the key changes brought in by the Companies Act 2013. 8 The Union Cabinet approved the proposal of the Ministry of Finance to introduce the Fugitive Economic Offenders Bill, 2018 in Parliament. The Bill would help in laying down measures to deter economic offenders from evading the process of Indian law by remaining outside the jurisdiction of Indian courts.  The Union Cabinet approved two key measures in telecom sector to facilitate investments, consolidation in the sector and enhancing ease of doing business. These include restructuring the deferred payment liabilities of spectrum auction of telecom service providers and revising the limit of the cap for spectrum holding for telecom service providers.  The Union Cabinet approved the continuation of Swatantra Sainik Samman Yojana during 2017-2020 beyond the 12th Five Year Plan which ended on 31st March 2017. It provides for a monthly Samman Pension to freedom fighters, as a token of respect for their contribution in the national freedom struggle and on their demise, to their eligible dependents viz. spouses and thereafter, unmarried and unemployed daughters and dependent parents, as per prescribed eligibility norms and procedure.  The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approved for promotion of Agricultural Mechanization for in-situ Management of crop residue in Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and NCT of Delhi.  The Union Cabinet approved an Agreement for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to taxes on income between India and Iran.  The CCEA approved to continue Urea Subsidy Scheme up to 2019-20 of Department of Fertilizers at a total estimated cost of ` 1,64,935 crore.  The Union Cabinet approved the North East Industrial Development Scheme (NEIDS), 2017 with financial outlay of ` 3,000 crores up to March 2020. NEIDS is a combination of the incentives to promote industrialization and to boost employment and income generation in the States of the North Eastern Region.  The Union Cabinet approved for the continuation of the National Health Mission – with effect from 1st April 2017 to 31st March 2020 with a budgetary support of ` 85,217 crore as Central Share for this period.  The Union Cabinet approved the launch of a new Centrally Sponsored Ayushman Bharat -National Health Protection Mission having central sector component under Ayushman Bharat Mission anchored in the MoHFW. The scheme has the benefit cover of ` 5 lakh per family per year. The target beneficiaries of the proposed scheme will be more than 10 crore families belonging to poor and vulnerable population based on Socio-Economic Caste Census database.  The Union Cabinet approved for restructuring of National Skill Development Fund and National Skill Development Corporation to strengthen governance, implementation and monitoring framework. ***** 9TABLES Table 1 : Growth of GVA at Basic Prices by Economic Activity at Constant (2011-12) Prices (per cent) Sectors Growth Rate (%) Share in GVA (%) 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2nd RE 1st RE 2nd AE 1st RE 2nd AE Agriculture, forestry & fishing 0.6 6.3 3.0 15.4 15.3 14.8 Industry 9.8 6.8 4.8 31.6 31.5 31.0 Mining & quarrying 13.8 13.0 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.2 Manufacturing 12.8 7.9 5.1 18.1 18.2 18.0 Electricity, gas, water supply & other 4.7 9.2 7.3 2.1 2.2 2.2 utility services Construction 3.7 1.3 4.3 8.2 7.8 7.7 Services 9.6 7.5 8.3 53.0 53.2 54.2 Trade, hotel, transport storage 10.3 7.2 8.3 19.0 19.0 19.3 Financial , real estate & prof. services 10.9 6.0 7.2 21.9 21.7 21.8 Public administration, defence and 6.1 10.7 10.1 12.2 12.6 13.0 other services GVA at basic prices 8.1 7.1 6.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 GDP at market prices 8.2 7.1 6.6 --- --- --- Source: Central Statistics Office (CSO). Notes: 2nd RE: Second Revised Estimates, 1st RE: First Revised Estimates, 2nd AE: Second Advance Estimates. Table 2 : Quarter-wise Growth of GVA at Constant (2011-12) Basic Prices (per cent) Sectors 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Agriculture, forestry & fishing 2.3 2.7 -2.3 1.0 4.3 5.5 7.5 7.1 2.7 2.7 4.1 Industry 7.9 7.6 10.7 11.0 8.3 6.8 7.1 5.0 0.1 5.9 6.8 Mining & quarrying 11.3 11.4 12.0 12.3 10.5 9.1 12.1 18.8 1.8 7.1 -0.1 Manufacturing 9.7 10.9 14.8 14.2 9.9 7.7 8.1 6.1 -1.8 6.9 8.1 Electricity, gas, water supply & 2.6 5.6 3.9 7.6 12.4 7.1 9.5 8.1 7.1 7.7 6.1 other utility services Construction 4.3 0.2 4.3 4.6 3.0 3.8 2.8 -3.9 1.5 2.8 6.8 Services 9.3 10.2 9.4 9.8 9.4 7.9 6.5 6.3 9.6 7.1 7.7 Trade, hotel, transport, 10.5 8.5 10.4 13.1 8.9 7.2 7.5 5.5 8.4 9.3 9.0 communication and services related to broadcasting Financial, real estate & 10.4 13.3 10.2 8.8 10.5 8.3 2.8 1.0 8.9 6.4 6.7 professional services Public administration, defence 5.5 6.6 6.9 6.1 7.7 8.0 10.6 16.4 13.2 5.6 7.2 and other services GVA at basic price 7.8 8.4 7.3 8.7 8.3 7.2 6.9 6.0 5.6 6.2 6.7 GDP at market prices 7.8 8.1 7.1 9.1 8.1 7.6 6.8 6.1 5.7 6.5 7.2 Source: CSO. 10Table 3 : Production of Major Agricultural Crops (2nd Adv. Est.) Crops Production (Million Tonnes) 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 (Final) (2nd AE) Total Food-grains 257.1 265.0 252.0 251.6 275.1 277.5 Rice 105.2 106.7 105.5 104.4 109.7 111.0 Wheat 93.5 95.9 86.5 92.3 98.5 97.1 Total Coarse Cereals 40.0 43.3 42.9 38.5 43.8 45.4 Total Pulses 18.3 19.3 17.2 16.4 23.1 24.0 Total Oilseeds 30.9 32.8 27.5 25.3 31.3 29.9 Sugarcane 341.2 352.1 362.3 348.4 306.1 353.2 Cotton# 34.2 35.9 34.8 30.0 32.6 33.9 Source: DES, DAC&FW, M/o Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare. Notes: 2nd AE: 2nd Advance Estimates, # : Million bales of 170 kgs. each. Table 4 : Procurement of Crops (Million Tonnes) Crops 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 Rice# 35.0 34.0 31.8 32.0 34.2 38.1 30.1 Wheat@ 28.3 38.2 25.1 28.0 28.1 23.0 30.8 Total 63.3 72.2 56.9 60.2 62.3 61.1 60.9 Source: FCI and DFPD, M/o Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution. Notes: Procurement of rice as on 1st March 2018. # : Kharif Marketing Season (October-September), @ : Rabi Marketing Season (April-March). Table 5 : Offtake of Food-grains (Million Tonnes) Crops 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 * Rice 32.6 29.2 30.7 31.8 32.8 31.6 Wheat 33.2 30.6 25.2 31.8 29.1 22.5 Total 65.8 59.8 55.9 63.6 61.9 54.1 (Rice & Wheat) Source: DFPD, M/o Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution. Note: *: up to January 2018. Table 6 : Stocks of Food-grains (Million Tonnes) Crops 1st March 2017 1st March 2018 1. Rice 20.4 23.3 2. Unmilled Paddy# 16.5 14.2 3. Converted Unmilled Paddy in terms of Rice 10.9 9.4 4. Wheat 9.4 15.2 Total (Rice & Wheat) (1+3+4) 40.7 47.9 Source: FCI. Notes: # : Since September 2013, FCI gives separate figures for rice and unmilled paddy lying with FCI & state agencies in terms of rice. 11Table 7 : Percentage Change in Index of Industrial Production (Base 2011-12) 2015-16 2016-17 2016-17 2017-18 February February (Apr-Feb.) (Apr-Feb.) 2017 2018 Mining 4.3 5.3 4.8 2.3 4.6 -0.3 Manufacturing 2.9 4.3 4.4 4.6 0.7 8.7 Electricity 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.2 1.2 4.5 Primary goods 5.0 4.9 4.8 3.8 0.8 3.7 Capital goods 3.0 3.2 2.5 5.3 -2.4 20.0 Intermediate goods 1.5 3.3 3.4 2.1 2.3 3.3 Infrastructure/ construction goods 2.8 3.9 4.2 5.2 -1.9 12.6 Consumer durables 3.3 3.0 3.4 0.3 -4.6 7.9 Consumer non-durables 2.6 8.0 8.0 10.2 10.4 7.4 General 3.3 4.6 4.7 4.3 1.2 7.1 Source: CSO. Note: * : Figures for February 2017-18 are Quick Estimates. Table 8 : Production growth (per cent) in Core Infrastructure-Supportive Industries Industry April-February April-February February -2017 February -2018 2016-17 2017-18 Coal 2.3 1.6 6.6 1.4 Crude oil -2.8 -0.8 -3.4 -2.4 Natural Gas -1.9 3.1 -2.1 -1.5 Refinery Products 5.2 4.9 -2.8 7.8 Fertilizers 0.5 -0.2 -4.0 5.3 Steel 10.7 5.9 8.7 5.0 Cement -0.6 5.7 -15.8 22.9 Electricity 5.8 5.2 1.2 4.0 Overall growth 4.7 4.3 0.6 5.3 Source: Office of the Economic Adviser, DIPP (Ministry of Commerce & Industry). Table 9 : Broad Money - Sources (₹ Billion) Item Outstanding Growth* (as on) 2017 2018 2017 2018 Mar. 31 Mar. 30 % % M3 1,27,919.4 140,114.8 6.9 9.6 Sources Net Bank Credit to Government 38,566.1 40,058.1 20.6 3.9 Bank Credit to Commercial Sector 84,114.9 92,389.3 4.2 9.6 Net Foreign Exchange Assets of Banking Sector 25,582.3 28,873.1 1.1 12.9 Government's Currency Liabilities to the Public 250.9 256.0 14.5 2.0 Banking Sector's Net Non-Monetary Liabilities 20,594.8 21,431.7 11.0 4.1 Source: Reserve Bank of India. Note: * : Year on Year growth. 12Table 10 : Exports and Imports (US$ million) Item 2016-17 2017 2018 % Change in 2016-17 2017-18 % Change in Mar 2018 2017-18(Apr- March over (Apr-Mar) Mar) over 2016- Mar 2017 17 (Apr-Mar) Exports 275852 29302 29109 -0.7 275852 302840 9.8 Imports 384356 39947 42801 7.1 384356 459670 19.6 Oil Imports 86964 9750 11108 13.9 86964 109110 25.5 Non-Oil Imports 297392 30196 31693 5.0 297392 350560 17.9 Trade Deficit -108504 -10645 -13692 - -108504 -156830 - Source: Provisional data as per the Press Release of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Table 11 : Balance of Payments: (US$ billion) Items 2015-16 2016-17 2016-17 2017-18 (Apr.-Mar.) (Apr.-Mar.) (Apr.-Dec.) (Apr.-Dec.) Merchandise Exports 266.4 280.1 202.8 226.8 Merchandise Imports 396.4 392.6 285.5 345.6 Trade Balance -130.1 -112.4 -82.7 -118.9 Net Invisibles 107.9 97.1 70.9 83.2 Current Account Balance -22.2 -15.3 -11.8 -35.6 Commercial Borrowings (MT & LT) -4.5 -6.1 -5.2 -0.9 Foreign Investment (Net) 31.9 43.2 27.4 43.6 Foreign Direct Investment (Net) 36.0 35.6 30.6 23.7 Foreign Portfolio Investment (Net) -4.1 7.6 -3.2 19.8 Capital Account Balance (including error & omission) 40.1 41.5 41.1 42.9 Change in Reserves (Increase - / Decrease +) -17.9 -21.6 -14.2 -30.3 Trade balance/GDP (%) -6.2 -4.9 -5.0 -6.2 Net Invisible Balance / GDP (%) 5.1 4.3 4.3 4.4 Current Account Balance/ GDP (%) -1.1 -0.7 -0.7 -1.9 Source: Reserve Bank of India. 13Table 12 : Foreign Exchange Reserves (in Billion) End of Financial Year Foreign Exchange Reserves Variation (Rupees ) (US Dollar) (Rupees ) (US Dollar ) At the end of year (Variation over last year) 2012-13 15884 292.0 823 -2.4 2013-14 18284 304.2 2400 12.2 2014-15 21376 341.6 3093 37.4 2015-16 23787 360.2 2411 18.5 2016-17 23982 370.0 195 9.8 2017-18* 27598 424.4 3616 54.4 At the end of month (Variation over last month) 2017-18 April 2017 23968 373.3 -14 3.4 May 2017 24529 380.1 561 6.8 June 2017 25019 386.5 489 6.4 July 2017 25221 393.7 202 7.1 August 2017 25463 397.8 243 4.2 September 2017 26149 400.2 686 2.4 October 2017 25854 399.2 -295 -1.0 November 2017 25894 401.9 40 2.7 December 2017 26148 409.1 254 7.1 January 2018 26897 422.4 749 13.3 February 2018 27400 421.0 503 -1.4 March 2018* 27598 424.4 198 3.4 Source: Reserve Bank of India, Notes: * : As on 30th March, 2018 Table 13 : Rupee per unit of foreign currency* Financial Year US dollar Pound sterling Euro Japanese yen 2012-13** 54.4099 86.1380 70.0693 0.6585 2013-14 60.5019 96.3058 81.1745 0.6040 2014-15 61.1436 98.5730 77.5210 0.5583 2015-16 65.4647 98.5730 72.2907 0.5459 2016-17 67.0731 87.6952 73.6141 0.6204 2017-18 64.4551 85.5129 75.4378 0.5818 Monthly 2017-18 April 2017 64.5071 81.5426 69.1656 0.5857 May 2017 64.4248 83.2101 71.2258 0.5745 June 2017 64.4430 82.5126 72.4139 0.5814 July 2017 64.4559 83.7544 74.2036 0.5734 August 2017 63.9684 83.0433 75.5956 0.5822 September 2017 64.4409 85.7254 76.7891 0.5822 October 2017 65.0813 85.9151 76.4800 0.5764 November 2017 64.8626 85.7741 76.1211 0.5749 December 2017 64.2423 86.1115 75.9975 0.5688 January 2018 63.6369 87.6509 77.4493 0.5726 February 2018 64.3738 90.0763 79.5625 0.5963 March 2018 65.0213 90.8382 80.2499 0.6134 Source: Reserve Bank of India. Notes: * : FEDAI Indicative Market Rates (on monthly average basis), ** : Data from March, 2013 onwards are based on RBI’s reference rate. 14Table 14 : External Assistance and Debt Service Payments (` crore)* Mar -2017 2016-17 Mar -2018 2017-18 External Assistance (Government Account) 1) Gross Disbursement 7,354.3 41,001.4 5,970.8 44,096.6 2) Repayments 2,668.3 26,194.9 3,206.4 26,685.3 3) Interest Payments 761.3 5,144.3 915.2 5,934.3 4) Net Disbursement (1-2) 4,686.0 14,806.5 2,764.4 17,411.4 5) Net Transfers (4-3) 3,924.7 9,662.3 1,849.2 11,477.1 External Assistance (Non-Government Account) 1) Gross Disbursement 2,235.4 6,663.6 61.1 2,267.9 2) Repayments 852.6 5,124.0 109.8 3,817.2 3) Interest Payments 52.4 689.6 9.7 777.9 4) Net Disbursement (1-2) 1,382.8 1,539.6 -48.8 -1,549.3 5) Net Transfers (4-3) 1,330.4 850.0 -58.4 -2,327.2 Government Grants 1) Gross Disbursement 19.7 978.9 15.1 1,418.9 2) Repayments 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3) Interest Payments 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4) Net Disbursement (1-2) 19.7 978.9 15.1 1,418.9 5) Net Transfers (4-3) 19.7 978.9 15.1 1,418.9 Non-Government Grants 1) Gross Disbursement 0.0 11.2 0.0 0.0 2) Repayments 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3) Interest Payments 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4) Net Disbursement (1-2) 0.0 11.2 0.0 0.0 5) Net Transfers (4-3) 0.0 11.2 0.0 0.0 Grand Total 1) Gross Disbursements 9,609.3 48,655.2 6,046.9 47,783.4 2) Repayments 3,520.9 31,318.9 3,316.2 30,502.5 3) Interest Payments 813.7 5,833.9 924.8 6,712.2 4) Net Disbursement (1-2) 6,088.4 17,336.3 2,730.8 17,281.0 5) Net Transfers (4-3) 5,274.7 11,502.4 1,805.9 10,568.8 Source: Office of the Controller of Aid, Accounts and Audit, Ministry of Finance. Note: * : Data are provisional. 15Table 15 : Year-on-Year inflation based on WPI and CPI’s (per cent) WPI CPI-IW CPI-AL CPI-RL CPI-C Base : 2011-12 2001 1986-87 1986-87 2012 2014-15 1.2 6.3 6.6 6.9 5.9 2015-16 -3.7 5.6 4.4 4.6 4.9 2016-17 1.7 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.5 2017-18 (P) 2.9 - - - 3.6 Apr-17 3.9 2.2 2.6 2.6 3.0 May-17 2.3 1.1 1.4 1.4 2.2 Jun-17 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.5 Jul-17 1.9 1.8 0.8 1.0 2.4 Aug-17 3.2 2.5 2.1 2.2 3.3 Sep-17 3.1 2.9 2.3 2.5 3.3 Oct-17 3.7 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.6 Nov-17 4.0 4.0 3.1 3.1 4.9 Dec-17 3.6 4.0 2.7 2.8 5.2 Jan-18 3.0 5.1 2.9 2.9 5.1 Feb-18 2.5 4.7 2.3 2.5 4.4 Mar-18 2.5 - - - 4.3 Source: Office of Economic Adviser- DIPP, Labour Bureau and Central Statistics Office. Note: WPI inflation for last two months and CPI-C inflation for last one month are provisional and 2017-18 are also provisional. Table 16 : Year-on-Year global inflation for major groups/sub-groups (per cent) Mar-2017 Jan-2018 Feb-2018 Mar-2018 Energy 38 23.4 15.9 23.9 Non-energy 9.2 2.3 2.2 3.7 Agriculture 3.8 -4.0 -2.3 1.6 Beverages -4.4 -11.7 -7.3 -2.6 Food 5 -3.9 -1.8 2.1 Raw Materials 5.2 0.1 -1.5 2.3 Fertilizers -2 -5.0 -3.9 -0.8 Metals & Minerals 26.4 18.8 13.7 9.2 Precious Metals 1.2 9.7 5.0 5 Source: World Bank. 16Table 17 : Fiscal parameters of the Central Government ( ` crore ) 2016-2017 (Actual) 2017-2018 (BE) 2017-2018 (RE) 2018-2019 (BE) 1. Revenue Receipts 1374203 1515771 1505428 1725738 2. Tax Revenue (Net to Centre) 1101372 1227014 1269454 1480649 3. Non-Tax Revenue 272831 288757 235974 245089 4. Capital Receipts 600991 630964 712322 716475 5. Recovery of Loans 17630 11933 17473 12199 6. Other Receipts 47743 72500 100000 80000 7. Borrowings and Other Liabilities 535618 546531 594849 624276 8. Total Receipts (1+4) 1975194 2146735 2217750 2442213 9. Total Expenditure (10+12) 1975194 2146735 2217750 2442213 10. On Revenue Account 1690584 1836934 1944305 2141772 11. Interest Payments 480714 523078 530843 575795 12. On Capital Account 284610 309801 273445 300441 13. Revenue Deficit (10-1) 316381 321163 438877 416034 (Per cent of GDP) 2.1 1.9 2.6 2.2 14. Fiscal Deficit (9-1-5-6) 535618 546531 594849 624276 (Per cent of GDP) 3.5 3.2 3.5 3.3 15. Primary Deficit (14-11) 54904 23453 64006 48481 (Per cent of GDP) 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.3 Source: Union Budget 2018-19. Notes: BE: Budget estimate; RE: Revised estimate. 17

Continue your research