**Executive Summary**
This document is a response to Starred Question No. 184 in Lok Sabha, addressed on December 12, 2025, regarding leptospirosis cases in Kerala. It provides details on the number of cases and deaths reported in the state until December 5, 2025. The response also outlines the government's initiatives to prevent and control leptospirosis through the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) and the National Health Mission.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Leptospirosis in Kerala:**
* A surge in leptospirosis cases and related deaths in Kerala has been noted.
* As of December 5, 2025, there were 3259 confirmed cases and 209 deaths in Kerala since January 1, 2025.
* District-wise distribution of cases and deaths are provided in Annexure-I.
* Leptospirosis is endemic in Kerala and associated with monsoon seasons.
* **Government Initiatives:**
* The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, through the NCDC, is implementing the Programme for Prevention and Control of Leptospirosis (PPCL) in 12 endemic states and 2 Union Territories.
* The PPCL aims to reduce morbidity and mortality through:
* Strengthened surveillance and diagnostics.
* Early detection and treatment.
* Improved patient care.
* Capacity building.
* Enhanced inter-sectoral coordination.
* Initiatives include:
* Training of healthcare professionals.
* Sensitization of private practitioners.
* Annual hands-on laboratory training.
* Strengthening of the State Public Health Laboratory.
* Establishment of 75 sentinel surveillance sites nationwide.
* Creation of Information, Education, Communication (IEC) material.
* Use of standardized real-time reporting formats.
* Seasonal advisories and media-based event surveillance.
* The Ministry provides technical and financial support to States/UTs under the National Health Mission.
* **Additional Information:**
* Links are provided for more details on advisories and the PPCL program.
**Impact Analysis**
**State Government of Kerala**
* **Impact:** The primary responsibility of surveillance, reporting, and response to disease lies with the state government.
* **Action Required:** Continue surveillance, reporting, and response efforts for leptospirosis. Utilize available technical and financial support from the Ministry.
**State and District Healthcare Professionals**
* **Impact:** To be provided with training to improve patient care, early detection, etc.
* **Action Required:** Attend trainings and sensitization programs and implement learnt best practices in their district.
**Private Healthcare Professionals**
* **Impact:** Will be sensitized on leptospirosis prevention and control.
* **Action Required:** Attend sensitisation programs.
**Citizens of Kerala**
* **Impact:** Enhanced healthcare systems to prevent/control leptospirosis, and lower the associated morbidity and mortality rate.
* **Action Required:** None.
Key Entities Referenced
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare: The ministry responsible for implementing the Programme for Prevention and Control of Leptospirosis (PPCL) and providing technical/financial support to states regarding health issues, including leptospirosis.
Programme for Prevention and Control of Leptospirosis (PPCL): A national program implemented by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare to reduce leptospirosis morbidity and mortality across multiple endemic states and union territories.
Kerala: The specific state where leptospirosis cases are being addressed, and where the central government is considering providing aid.
National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC): The national institution through which the Ministry of Health implements the Programme for Prevention and Control of Leptospirosis (PPCL).
GOVERNMENT OFINDIA
MINISTRYOFHEALTH AND FAMILYWELFARE
DEPARTMENT OFHEALTH AND FAMILYWELFARE
LOK SABHA
STARRED QUESTION NO. 184
TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 12TH DECEMBER, 2025
CASES OF LEPTOSPIROSIS IN KERALA
*184. SHRI V K SREEKANDAN:
Will the MINISTER OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
be pleased to state:
(a) whether the Government has taken note of the surge in leptospirosis cases and
related deaths in various districts of Kerala and if so, the details thereof,
district-wise;
(b) whether nearly 6,000 cases and 400 deaths have been reported in the State till
15 November 2025, alone and if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether it is a fact that leptospirosis has become one of the most vexing and
lethal infectious disease which claims a significant number of lives every year in
Kerala and if so, the details thereof along with the remedial steps taken/being
taken by the Government in this regard; and
(d) whether the Government proposes to provide aid to Kerala to tackle this
deadly disease and if so, the details thereof?
ANSWER
THE MINISTER OFHEALTH AND FAMILYWELFARE
(SHRI JAGAT PRAKASH NADDA)
(a)to (d) AStatement is laid on the Table of the House.STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLYTO LOK SABHA
STARRED QUESTION NO. 184 FOR 12TH DECEMBER, 2025
(a) to (d) As Public Health is a state subject, the primary responsibility of
surveillance, reporting and response of disease lies with the state government. As
reported by state government of Kerala there are 3259 confirmed leptospirosis
cases and 209 deaths from 1st January 2025 till 5th December 2025. District wise
distribution of cases & deaths due to Leptospirosis as reported by Kerala
government is Annexed.
Leptospirosis is endemic in Kerala and has been associated with monsoon seasons.
The Ministry through National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), is
implementing Programme for Prevention and Control of Leptospirosis (PPCL)
across 12 endemic States and 2 Union Territories (Gujarat, Kerala, Tamil Nadu,
Maharashtra, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Goa, Punjab, Odisha, Andhra
Pradesh,West Bengal,andtheUnion Territories of Andaman&NicobarIslands and
Dadra&NagarHaveliandDaman&Diu).
The programme aims to reduce morbidity and mortality due to Leptospirosis
through strengthened surveillance and diagnostics, early detection and treatment,
improved patient care, capacity building, and enhanced inter-sectoral coordination.
Initiatives under the programme include training of State and District healthcare
professionals, sensitization of private practitioners through Continuous Medical
Education programmes, annual hands-on laboratory training, strengthening of the
State Public Health Laboratory (including at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala) and
establishment of 75 sentinel surveillance sites (including 5 at Kerala) nationwide
under the National One Health Programme for Prevention and Control of Zoonosis.
Information, Education, Communication (IEC) material, e-learning modules,
operational guidelines, standardized real-time reporting formats aligned with
IDSP–IHIP, seasonal advisories, and media-based event surveillance are also in
place. The details can be accessed at the following links;
(https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Advisory-Leptospir
osis-DGHS-DO-letter-May2025.pdf)
https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/programe-for-prevention-and-control-of-leptospir
osis/
Under National Health Mission, the Ministry provides technical and financial
support to States/UTs for strengthening their healthcare systems based on the
proposals submitted by them in their Program Implementation Plans, subject to
norms & availability of resources.Annexure-I
District wise Leptospirosis cases and deaths due to the disease in Kerala (Jan 2025
till 5th Dec 2025).
No. of confirmed cases No. of confirmed deaths
Thiruvananthapuram 583 15
Kollam 164 9
Pathanamthitta 209 3
Idukki 93 10
Kottayam 117 9
Alappuzha 155 10
Ernakulam 492 30
Thrissur 340 36
Palakkad 198 17
Malappuram 275 20
Kozhikode 242 19
Wayanad 82 12
Kannur 215 14
Kasargode 94 5
Total 3259 209
Source: Government of Kerala
****