Parliament Question: Central Skill-Development Institutions

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1305 ANSWERED ON 08.12.2025 CENTRAL SKILL-DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONS 1305. SHRI ROBERT BRUCE C: Will the Minister of SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP be pleased to state: (a) whether the Government has reviewed the functioning of Central skill development institutions such as Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs), Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS), and National Skill Training Institutes (NSTIs) operating or serving in the State of Tamil Nadu, particularly in Tirunelveli district; (b) the number of candidates trained, certified, and placed from these institutions under Central schemes like Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) and National Apprenticeship Promotion (NAP) in Tirunelveli during the last three financial years and the current year; (c) whether the Government has taken note of challenges related to trainer availability, equipment modernisation or industry tie-ups affecting the effectiveness under these Central skill programmes in southern Tamil Nadu; and (d) if so, the details of the steps taken/being taken by the Government to strengthen infrastructure, increase industry linkages, and improve placement outcomes under Central skill development programmes initiatives in Tirunelveli district? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) IN THE MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP (SHRI JAYANT CHAUDHARY) (a) Under the Government of India’s Skill India Mission (SIM) , the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) delivers skill, re-skill and up-skill training through an extensive network of skill development centres under various schemes, viz. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS) scheme, National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) and Craftsman Training Scheme (CTS) through Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs), to all the sections of the society across the country. The SIM aims at enabling the youth of India to get future- ready, equipped with industry-relevant skills. The impact and effectiveness of schemes for skill development are reviewed through their third-party independent evaluation. The evaluation of schemes of MSDE has acknowledged their positive outcome and mentioned about their success in terms of placement or livelihood improvement of candidates trained, as indicated below: PMKVY: MSDE’s flagship scheme PMKVY was evaluated by NITI Aayog in October 2020 and as per the study, about 94 percent of the employers surveyed reported they would hire more candidates trained under PMKVY. Further, 52 percent of the candidates who were placed in full time/part time employment and oriented under the RPL component received higher salary or felt that they will get higher salary compared to their un-certified peers. JSS: Evaluation study of JSS scheme conducted in 2020 found that the training nearly doubled household incomes for beneficiaries, with strong participation from women (79%) and rural communities (50.5%). The study reported significant livelihood improvements, including better employment for 73.4% of trainees, higher incomes for 89.1%, and effective beneficiary mobilization at 85.7%. It also noted that 77% of trainees shifted to new occupations, reflecting the scheme’s strong focus on self-employment in line with the Aatmanirbhar Bharat initiative. ITIs: The final report of Tracer Study of ITI Graduates published in 2018 by MSDE mentions that 63.5% of total ITI pass-outs got employed (wage+self, out of which 6.7% are self-employed).NAPS: Third-party evaluation study of NAPS conducted in 2021 observed that the scheme improved youth employability by providing structured on-the-job training and increasing apprentices participation across industries. In the new version of the scheme, DBT method has been adopted to transfer government's share directly to apprentices' bank accounts, as streamlined reimbursement process was recommended in the report. (b) Under the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) and National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS), the details of training update in Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu for the last three financial years and current year is as follows: PMKVY NAPS Candidates trained Candidates certified Apprentices engaged Apprentices certified 3293 2517 2915 799 (c) & (d): The Government has taken following steps in respect of the challenges being faced relating to availability of trainer, equipment modernisation, and industry tie-ups affecting the effectiveness of Central skill programmes in India including Tamil Nadu. i. The Government is actively working to expand training opportunities across the country by encouraging more training infrastructure, especially in underserved areas and launching initiatives like Skill Hubs to integrate skilling with school and college ecosystems. ii. Training centres are evaluated for adequate and modern equipment as part of the accreditation and affiliation process. iii. The National Council for Vocational Education and Training (NCVET) has been set up as an overarching regulator establishing regulations and standards to ensure quality in the vocational education and training space. iv. The Awarding Bodies recognised by NCVET are expected to develop the qualifications as per the industry demand and map them with the identified occupations as per the National Classification of Occupation 2015 of Ministry of Labour and Employment and obtain industry validations. v. MSDE has established the Common Cost Norms for the skill development programs/schemes being implemented by Government of India. There are about 20 other ministries/departments implementing the skill development schemes. vi. The training programmes offered under the schemes of MSDE are developed in collaboration with industries, keeping in view market demands. 36 Sector Skill Councils (SSCs), led by industry leaders in the respective sectors, have been set up by National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) which are mandated to identify the skill development needs of respective sectors as well as to determine skill competency standards. vii. Directorate General of Training (DGT) is implementing Flexi MoU Scheme and Dual System of Training (DST). These initiatives are meant to provide training to ITI students in industrial environment. viii. Under NAPS, apprenticeship training and increasing engagement with industrial establishments for undertaking apprenticeship programmes is promoted. ix. Government of India has signed MoU with 7 countries (i.e., Australia, Denmark, Germany, Japan, Qatar, Singapore, and UAE) in Vocational Education and Training / Skill development for the international mobility of the skilled manpower. x. DGT has also signed MoU with IT Tech companies like IBM, CISCO, Future Skill Rights Network, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft, Autodesk and Meta to ensure industry linkages for the institutes at the state & regional levels and to ensure anytime, anywhere learning in new-age courses. xi. NSDC, under the Market led program, provides support to training providers that collaborate and align skill courses with industry demand. xii. Future ready job-roles addressing the requirement of Industry 4.0, emerging sectors like Drone, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Robotics, Mechatronics, etc., have been prioritized under PMKVY 4.0. Under CTS also, new age courses have been developed to meet the demand of futuristic job roles in emerging technologies. xiii. Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH) Portal has been established as a Digital Public Infrastructure for skilling, employment, and entrepreneurship ecosystems. *****