Executive Summary:
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change addressed questions regarding climate-related international investments and collaborations, particularly concerning the Green Climate Fund (GCF) and the Global Environment Facility (GEF). The response details approved projects with GCF and GEF involvement, specifies Karnataka's participation in relevant initiatives, and clarifies the role of private sector entities and startups. It also explains climate finance disbursement and strategies for enhancing access to climate finance for States, Urban Local Bodies, and startups.
Key Points / Main Content:
* **International Collaborations and Investments:**
* India collaborates with the Green Climate Fund (GCF) and the Global Environment Facility (GEF).
* Thirteen projects have been approved under GCF, addressing health, food, water security, livelihoods, infrastructure, energy, transport, and land use.
* GEF addresses global environmental challenges including biodiversity, climate change, land degradation, international waters, and chemicals and waste.
* **Karnataka Specific Initiatives:**
* Karnataka is involved in the GEF7 project focused on improving thermal energy efficiency in industrial boilers executed by the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME).
* Karnataka was identified as one of the states for the GCF-funded Line of Credit for the Solar rooftop segment approved in 2018.
* The Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEFCC) supported the State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC) for Karnataka with a grant of INR 20 Lakh during 2019-2022.
* **Private Sector Engagement:**
* The GCF actively mobilizes private sector investment using instruments like grants, concessional loans, equity, and guarantees.
* **Climate Finance Disbursement:**
* India's climate action is executed through the normal budgeting process by concerned Departments/Ministries.
* **Access to Climate Finance:**
* States, Urban Local Bodies, and startups can engage with multilateral funds like the GCF and GEF as per their requirements.
Impact Analysis:
* **State Governments (including Karnataka):**
* Impact: Benefit from projects and grants related to climate change, renewable energy, and energy efficiency. Can engage with GCF and GEF for funding.
* Action Required: Engage with multilateral funds like GCF and GEF for specific requirements and utilize provided grants for climate action plans.
* **Urban Local Bodies:**
* Impact: Potential beneficiaries of climate finance for urban climate resilience, clean mobility, and renewable energy projects.
* Action Required: Engage with multilateral funds like GCF and GEF for specific requirements
* **Startups:**
* Impact: Opportunities for involvement in climate finance and technology partnerships, particularly in sectors like renewable energy and clean technology.
* Action Required: Engage with multilateral funds like GCF and GEF for specific requirements.
* **Private Sector Entities:**
* Impact: Opportunities to invest in climate projects through GCF mechanisms like blended finance and co-financing.
* Action Required: Explore investment opportunities in climate projects through GCF and other mechanisms.
* **Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC):**
* Impact: Responsible for overseeing and supporting climate-related projects and collaborations.
* Action Required: Continue supporting State Action Plans on Climate Change and facilitate access to climate finance.
Key Entities Referenced
Green Climate Fund GCF: A multilateral fund established to support climate action in developing countries.
Global Environment Facility GEF: A multilateral environmental fund that addresses global environmental challenges.
Karnataka: A state in India where specific climate finance agreements related to urban climate resilience, clean mobility or renewable energy have been implemented.
Bengaluru, Karnataka: A city in Karnataka, specifically mentioned in relation to climate finance agreements.
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change MoEFCC: The Indian government ministry responsible for environment, forest and climate change related matters.
Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises MSME: The Indian government ministry involved in the GEF7 project related to industrial boilers.
State Action Plan on Climate Change SAPCC: A plan supported by MoEFCC for states to address climate change, with Karnataka being a recipient of a grant.
Odisha: A state in India covered under GEF project for Promotion of Sustainable Food Systems
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 99
TO BE ANSWERED ON 21.07.2025
Climate -related International Investments and Collaborations
99. SHRI P C MOHAN:
Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to
state:
(a) the details of climate-related investments and collaborations undertaken with foreign
Governments and multilateral institutions such as the Green Climate Fund (GCF) and
Global Environment Facility (GEF) during the last five years;
(b) whether any specific climate finance agreements related to urban climate resilience,
clean mobility or renewable energy have been implemented in the State of Karnataka,
particularly in Bengaluru and if so, the details thereof;
(c) the involvement of private sector entities and startups in climate finance and technology
partnerships and whether any firms based in Bengaluru have been part of such
initiatives and if so, the details thereof;
(d) the total quantum of climate finance disbursed during the last five years and the key
sectors that have received support under these funds disbursement; and
(e) the roadmap for enhancing access to climate finance for States, Urban Local Bodies
and startups, including measures to attract future green investments in critical sectors?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND
CLIMATE CHANGE
(SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH))
(a) to (e) India engages with the multilateral Green Climate Fund (GCF) and the Global
Environment Facility (GEF). Under GCF, thirteen (13) projects have been approved so
far in the result areas including health, food, and water security; Livelihoods of people
and communities, Infrastructure and built environment, Energy generation and access,
Buildings, cities, industries and appliances, Transport & Forest and land use. The details
of the projects are attached as Annex I.
The GEF addresses global environmental challenges in areas such as biodiversity,
climate change, land degradation, international waters, and chemicals and waste. The
details of GEF projects under the climate change focal area approved during the last
five years are attached as Annex II.
Karnataka is one of the States covered for the GEF-7 project “Improving thermal energy
efficiency in the design, manufacture and operation of industrial boilers for low-carbonmicro-, small and medium-sized enterprises in India” executed by the Ministry of
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME).
The GCF actively mobilizes private sector investment for climate projects in
developing countries through various mechanisms, including blended finance and co-
financing opportunities. GCF utilizes a mix of financial instruments like grants,
concessional loans, equity, and guarantees to leverage private capital and mitigate risks,
thereby encouraging greater private sector participation in climate action. For the GCF
funded programme “Line of Credit for Solar rooftop segment for Commercial,
Industrial and Residential Housing sectors” approved in 2018, Karnataka was identified
as one of the States.
In addition to that, the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change
(MoEFCC) has supported State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC) for
Karnataka by providing grant of INR 20 Lakh during 2019-2022.
India’s climate action is executed in various sectors by the Departments/Ministries
concerned through the normal budgeting process. The States, Urban Local Bodies and
startups have the discretion to engage with the multilateral funds like the GCF and GEF
as per their requirement.
*****Annex I
S.N. Project/ Programmes Year of GCF Funding
approval (in USD)
1. Ground Water Recharge and Solar Micro 2017 34,357,000
Irrigation to Ensure Food Security and Enhance
Resilience in Vulnerable Tribal Areas of Odisha
2. Enhancing climate resilience of India’s coastal 2018 43,418,606
communities
3. Line of Credit for Solar rooftop segment for 2018 100,000,000
commercial, industrial and residential housing
sectors
4. Green Growth Equity Fund (GGEF) 2021 137,000,000
5. India E-Mobility Financing Program 2022 200,000,000
6. Climate Investor Two 2022 145,000,000
7. Green Guarantee Company (“GGC”) 2022 40,500,000
8. Climate Investor One 2023 100,000,000
9. Project GAIA ("GAIA") 2023 152,500,000
10. Avaana Sustainability Fund 2024 24,500,000
11. Financing Mitigation and Adaptation Projects 2024 215,600,000
(FMAP) in Indian MSMEs
12. GCF-IFC Scaling Resilient Water Infrastructure 2024 258,000,000
(RWI) Facility
13. India Green Finance Facility (IGFF) 2025 200,000,000Annex II
Sl. Title GEF Focal States Executing GEF
No. Period Areas Covered Agency Grant in
USD
1. Promotion of GEF – Climate Punjab, Ministry of 2,03,66,973
Sustainable Food 7* Change Haryana, Agriculture
Systems in India Odisha and and Farmers’
through Chhattisgarh Welfare
Transforming (MoAFW)
Rice-Wheat
Systems in
Punjab, Haryana,
Odisha and
Chhattisgarh
2. Capacity-building GEF - 7 Climate Pan India Ministry of 38,00,000
for establishing an Change Environment
Integrated and Forest and
Enhanced Climate
Transparency Change
Framework for (MoEFCC)
Climate actions
and support
measures
3. Livable Cities in GEF - 7 Climate Tamil Nadu, Ministry of 1,72,15,652
India: Change Pune, Surat Housing and
Demonstrating Urban
Sustainable Urban Affairs
Planning and (MoHUA)
Development
through Integrated
Approaches
4. Electrifying GEF - 7 Climate Maharashtra, Energy 53,66,976
Mobility in Cities: Change Tamil Nadu, Efficiency
Investing in the UP, Services Ltd.
Transformation to Himachal (EESL),
Electric Mobility Pradesh, National
in India Assam Institution
for
Transforming
India (NITI)
Aayog
5. Accelerating GEF - 7 Climate UP, WB, Bureau of 44,84,357
adoption of super- Change Telangana Energy
efficient Efficiency,
technologies for Ministry of
sustainable Power,
thermal comfort in Ministry of
buildings in India Environment
Forest andSl. Title GEF Focal States Executing GEF
No. Period Areas Covered Agency Grant in
USD
Climate
Change
(MoEFCC)
6. Seventh GEF - 7 Climate TN, The Energy 44,74,886
Operational Phase Change Maharashtra, and
of the GEF Small Assam, Resources
Grants Meghalaya, Institute
Programme in MP (TERI),
India MoEFCC
7. Preparation of GEF - 7 Climate Pan India Ministry of 45,66,000
India's Fourth Change Environment
National Forest and
Communication Climate
(4NC) and Fourth Change
Biennial Update (MoEFCC)
Report (BUR4) to
the UNFCCC and
strengthening
institutional and
analytical
capacities on
climate change.
8. Improving thermal GEF - 7 Climate Maharashtra, Ministry of 26,64,690
energy efficiency Change Telangana, Micro, Small
in the design, Gujarat, and Medium
manufacture and Haryana, Enterprises
operation of Karnataka (MSMEs)
industrial boilers
for low-carbon
micro-, small and
medium-sized
enterprises in
India
9. Preparation of GEF - 7 Climate Pan India Ministry of 18,16,500
India first Change Environment,
Biennial Forest and
Transparency Climate
Report (BTR) Change
10. Transforming GEF- Climate Andhra Ministry of
Andhra Pradesh 8** Change Pradesh Agriculture 1,46,66,666
aquaculture to a and Farmers’
sustainable, Welfare
reduced footprint (MoA&FW)
and climate
resilient food
systemSl. Title GEF Focal States Executing GEF
No. Period Areas Covered Agency Grant in
USD
11. Enabling GEF-8 Climate Uttar Ministry of 99,00,000
resilience of Change Pradesh, Agriculture
livestock keepers Uttarakhand and Farmers’
through integrated Welfare
landscape (MoA&FW)
management
12. Preparing India’s GEF-8 Climate Pan India Ministry of 53,65,500
2nd & 3rd Change Environment,
Biennial Forest and
Transparency Climate
Reports (BTR Change
2&3)
*Time period of GEF-7: July 1, 2018 and June 30, 2022
**Time period of GEF-8: July 2022 to June 2026