Executive Summary:
This document addresses a question in the Lok Sabha regarding electricity demand in India, specifically concerning Kerala's peak demand and the impact of electric vehicles. It outlines the government's awareness of increasing electricity demand and the steps taken to augment generation capacity to meet future needs. The report references the 20th Electric Power Survey (EPS) and the National Electricity Plan Generation published in May 2023, with capacity projections extending to FY 2034-35.
Key Points / Main Content:
* **Kerala Electricity Demand:**
* Estimated peak demand for Kerala is projected to be 6,022 MW by FY 2026-27, according to the 20th EPS.
* **National Electricity Demand Factors:**
* Increased demand is attributed to economic growth, household electrification, urbanization, rising living standards, and energy-intensive technologies like EVs.
* EV charging is estimated to contribute 63,651 MU, about 2.35% of the projected total demand by FY 2031-32.
* **Electricity Generation Capacity Expansion:**
* The installed electricity generation capacity was 485 GW as of June 2025 and is projected to increase to about 870 GW in 2031-32.
* **Government Steps to Increase Generation Capacity:**
* **Thermal Power:**
* Targeting an additional minimum of 97,000 MW coal and lignite-based thermal capacity to reach approximately 307,000 MW by 2034-35.
* Around 11,680 MW of thermal capacities have been commissioned between April 2023 and June 2025.
* 38,935 MW of thermal capacity is currently under construction.
* Contracts for 15,440 MW thermal capacity have been awarded in FY 2024-25.
* 35,460 MW of coal and lignite-based capacity has been identified at various stages of planning.
* **Hydro Electric Projects:**
* 13,463.5 MW of Hydro Electric Projects are under construction.
* 9,802 MW of Hydro Electric Projects are under various stages of planning, targeted for completion by 2031-32.
* **Nuclear Power:**
* 6,600 MW of Nuclear Capacity is under construction, targeted for completion by 2029-30.
* 7,000 MW of Nuclear Capacity is under various stages of planning and approval.
* **Renewable Energy:**
* 158,450 MW of Renewable Capacity is under construction.
* 62,000 MW of Renewable Capacity is at various stages of planning, targeted for completion by 2029-30.
* **Energy Storage Systems:**
* 8,250 MW/49,500 MWh Pumped Storage Projects (PSPs) are under construction.
* 5,780 MW/34,680 MWh capacity of Pumped Storage Projects (PSPs) are concurred.
* 3,500 MW/21,000 MWh capacity of Pumped Storage Projects (PSPs) are under bidding.
* 15,829 MW/51,106 MWh Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) are under various stages of construction/bidding.
Impact Analysis:
* **Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB):**
* *Impact:* Must prepare for a peak electricity demand of 6,022 MW by FY 2026-27.
* *Action Required:* Review and update infrastructure and procurement plans to accommodate projected demand.
* **Power Generation Companies (Thermal, Hydro, Nuclear, Renewable):**
* *Impact:* Increased opportunities to develop and commission new power generation capacity.
* *Action Required:* Participate in bidding processes and execute contracts for new projects within specified timelines.
* **Ministry of Power:**
* *Impact:* Responsible for overseeing the implementation of capacity expansion plans to meet rising electricity demand.
* *Action Required:* Monitor project progress, address bottlenecks, and ensure timely completion of generation capacity additions.
* **Electric Vehicle Manufacturers and Consumers:**
* *Impact:* Growing EV adoption contributes to overall electricity demand.
* *Action Required:* Manufacturers should continue developing energy-efficient vehicles, and consumers should be aware of the impact of EV charging on electricity consumption.
* **Central Electricity Authority (CEA):**
* *Impact:* Responsible for accurate demand forecasting and capacity planning.
* *Action Required:* Continue refining the EPS model and updating demand projections regularly.
Key Entities Referenced
Ministry of Power: The Indian government ministry responsible for power generation, transmission, and distribution.
Kerala: A state in India, specifically mentioned in relation to its peak electricity demand.
Central Electricity Authority: An organization under the Ministry of Power, responsible for technical regulation and planning in the power sector.
Electric Vehicles: Vehicles that use electricity as their primary power source, impacting electricity demand.
Shripad Naik: The Minister of State in the Ministry of Power.
20th Electric Power Survey EPS: A report published by the Central Electricity Authority, providing forecasts for electricity demand.
National Electricity Plan Generation: A plan outlining the projected electricity generation capacity in India.
Pumped Storage Projects PSPs: Energy storage systems that use potential energy of water pumped from a lower elevation reservoir to a higher elevation.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF POWER
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.3163
ANSWERED ON 07.08.2025
DEMAND OF ELECTRICITY
3163. SHRI V K SREEKANDAN:
Will the Minister of POWER
be pleased to state:
(a) whether it is a fact that Kerala's peak electricity demand is likely to
exceed 7,000 megawatts by 2026-27 and if so, the details thereof;
(b) whether it is also a fact that electricity demand has increased across the
country due to electric vehicle charging and it is expected that demand for
electricity may go up substantially due to increased demand for electric
vehicles;
(c) whether the Government is aware that the increased electricity demand
due to surge in electrical vehicles may cause deficit in electricity; and
(d) if so, the steps taken by the Government in this regard?
A N S W E R
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF POWER
(SHRI SHRIPAD NAIK)
(a) : As per Mid-term Review of 20th Electric Power Survey (EPS) report,
published by the Central Electricity Authority, the estimated peak demand of
Kerala is estimated to be 6,022 MW by FY 2026-27.
(b) to (d) : There has been increase in electricity demand in the country due to
several factors such as rapid economic growth, expanded household
electrification, increasing urbanization, rising living standards and the growing
use of energy-intensive technologies like air conditioners and Electric Vehicles.
As per midterm review of 20th EPS, the electricity demand due to Electric
Vehicle (EV) charging is estimated to be 63,651 MU (about 2.35 % of projected
total demand) by FY 2031-32. Adequate generation capacity has been planned to
meet the rising demand of electricity in the country including due to rise in
Electrical Vehicles.
The installed electricity generation capacity in the country is 485 GW as
on June, 2025. As per National Electricity Plan (Generation) published in May,
2023, installed generation capacity of the country is likely to increase to about
870 GW in 2031-32. The Government of India has taken following steps to
increase the generation capacity of the country:
…….2.- 2 -
(a) The projected thermal (coal and lignite) capacity requirement by the year
2034–35 is estimated at approximately 3,07,000 MW as against the
2,11,855 MW installed capacity as on 31.03.2023. To meet this
requirement, Ministry of Power has envisaged to set up an additional
minimum 97,000 MW coal and lignite based thermal capacity.
Thermal capacities of around 11,680 MW have already been commissioned
since April 2023 till June 2025. In addition, 38,935 MW (including 5,695 MW
of stressed thermal power projects) of thermal capacity is currently under
construction. Further, contracts for 15,440 MW thermal capacity have been
awarded in FY 2024-25 and is due for construction. To meet the projected
demand in the country, 35,460 MW of coal and lignite based candidate
capacity has been identified, which is at various stages of planning in the
country.
(ii) 13,463.5 MW of Hydro Electric Projects are under construction.
Further, 9,802 MW of Hydro Electric Projects are under various stage of
planning and targeted to be completed by 2031-32.
(iii) 6,600 MW of Nuclear Capacity is under construction and targeted to be
completed by 2029-30. 7,000 MW of Nuclear Capacity is under various
stages of planning and approval.
(iv) 1,58,450 MW Renewable Capacity including 74,150 MW of Solar, 30,080 MW
of Wind and 53,750 MW Hybrid power is under construction while 62,000
MW of Renewable Capacity including 46,010 MW of Solar and 15,990 MW
Hybrid Power is at various stages of planning and targeted to be completed
by 2029-30.
(v) In energy storage systems, 8,250 MW/49,500 MWh Pumped Storage
Projects (PSPs) are under construction. Further, a total of 5,780 MW/34,680
MWh capacity of Pumped Storage Projects (PSPs) are concurred and yet to
be taken up for construction. Out of these, 3,500 MW/21,000 MWh capacity
of Pumped Storage Projects (PSPs) are under bidding and 15,829
MW/51,106 MWh Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) are currently under
various stages of construction/ bidding.
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