**Executive Summary**
This document is the response by the Minister of State (Independent Charge) of the Ministry of Science and Technology and Earth Sciences to Unstarred Question No. 2806 in Lok Sabha, answered on December 17, 2025, regarding the establishment of Quantum Fabrication and Central Facilities under the National Quantum Mission (NQM). The facilities are expected to be completed around 2028, with an expenditure of Rs. 720 crore.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Establishment of Quantum Facilities:**
* Two major state-of-the-art Quantum Fabrication and Central Facilities have been established at IIT Bombay and IISc Bengaluru.
* Two additional small-scale facilities have been set up at IIT Delhi and IIT Kanpur.
* **Aims and Objectives of Facilities:**
* IIT Bombay and IIT Kanpur: Quantum Sensing & Metrology facilities to accelerate breakthroughs in quantum sensing.
* IISc Bengaluru: Quantum Computing fabrication facility to enable fabrication of quantum computing chips.
* IIT Delhi: Quantum Materials & Devices fabrication facility to drive indigenous development of quantum materials and device fabrication.
* **Expenditure and Timeline:**
* A total expenditure of Rs. 720 crore is expected for the establishment of the Quantum Fabrication and Central Facilities.
* Implementation timelines across centers indicate completion around 2028.
* **Collaboration and Support:**
* Industry-academia collaboration forms a core part of the implementation framework under the National Quantum Mission (NQM).
* Four Thematic Hubs (T-Hubs) have been established at IISc Bengaluru, IIT Madras, IIT Bombay, and IIT Delhi.
* DST has supported eight quantum start-ups to enable wider national and global engagement in quantum technology development.
**Impact Analysis**
**Researchers and Startups**
* **Impact:** Beneficiaries of world-class quantum fabrication and device-development capabilities within the country. Development of prototype quantum processors, sensors, and materials indigenously enabled.
* **Action Required:** Utilize the new facilities and participate in collaborative initiatives to further quantum research and development.
**Academic Institutions (IIT Bombay, IISc Bengaluru, IIT Kanpur, IIT Delhi)**
* **Impact:** Enhancement of research capabilities and infrastructure in the field of quantum technology, potential for increased collaboration and funding opportunities.
* **Action Required:** Ensure the facilities are utilized effectively for research and development activities, participate in the National Quantum Mission (NQM), and collaborate with industry and other institutions.
**Industry Partners**
* **Impact:** Increased access to cutting-edge quantum technology and expertise, opportunities for collaboration and investment in the quantum sector.
* **Action Required:** Engage with academic institutions and startups to explore potential collaborations, invest in quantum technology research and development, and leverage the new facilities for product development.
**DST and Government**
* **Impact:** Advancement of India's capabilities in quantum technology, support for the growth of the quantum ecosystem, and achievement of the objectives of the National Quantum Mission (NQM).
* **Action Required:** Continue to provide funding and support for quantum research and development, facilitate collaboration between academic institutions, industry, and startups, and monitor the progress of the National Quantum Mission (NQM).
Key Entities Referenced
National Quantum Mission (NQM): A national program aimed at advancing quantum technologies in India, including the establishment of Quantum Fabrication and Central Facilities.
IIT Bombay, IISc Bengaluru, IIT Kanpur, IIT Delhi: Locations where state-of-the-art Quantum Fabrication and Central Facilities are being established under the National Quantum Mission.
Ministry of Science and Technology: The government ministry responsible for the National Quantum Mission and the establishment of Quantum Fabrication and Central Facilities.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2806
ANSWERED ON 17/12/2025
ESTABLISHMENT OF QUANTUM FABRICATION AND CENTRAL FACILITIES
2806. SHRI DHAIRYASHEEL SAMBHAJIRAO MANE:
SHRI SUDHEER GUPTA:
SHRI CHAVAN RAVINDRA VASANTRAO:
Will the Minister of SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY be pleased to state:
(a) whether the Government has announced the establishment of state-
of-the-art Quantum Fabrication and Central Facilities at IIT Bombay, IISc
Bengaluru, IIT Kanpur and IIT Delhi under the National Quantum Mission
(NQM);
(b) if so, the details thereof along with the aims and objectives of
establishing the said facilities at these centres;
(c) the total expenditure likely to be incurred on the establishment of
these facilities;
(d) the time by which these projects are likely to be completed and
become operational in the country;
(e) the manner in which this initiative is expected to boost India’s
quantum research ecosystem and support startups, industry partners and
academic institutions; and
(f) whether the Government proposes to collaborate with international
research bodies, private sector entities or other IITs/central institutions
under this project and if so, the details thereof?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE
MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND EARTH SCIENCES
(DR. JITENDRA SINGH)
(a) to (b): Under the National Quantum Mission, two major state-of-the-art
Quantum Fabrication and Central Facilities have been established at IIT
Bombay and IISc Bengaluru to indigenise the fabrication of quantum
computing chips and quantum sensors. Two additional small-scale facilities
have also been set up at IIT Delhi and IIT Kanpur. The aims and objectives
of these facilities are as follows:
i. Quantum Sensing & Metrology facilities at IIT Bombay and IIT
Kanpur – accelerate breakthroughs in quantum sensing by
Page 1 of 2enabling advanced sensor platforms for societal and strategic
applications.
ii. Quantum Computing fabrication facility at IISc Bengaluru –
enables fabrication of quantum computing chips based on
superconducting, photonic and spin qubits, which are central to
building scalable quantum architectures.
iii. Quantum Materials & Devices fabrication facility at IIT Delhi –
drives indigenous development of quantum materials and device
fabrication for scaling various quantum technologies.
(c) A total expenditure of Rs. 720 crore is expected to be incurred in the
establishment of the Quantum Fabrication and Central Facilities.
(d) to (e): The Quantum Fabrication and Central Facilities at IIT Bombay,
IISc Bengaluru, IIT Kanpur and IIT Delhi are being implemented in a phased
manner under the National Quantum Mission. Following project approval,
each institution initiated the procurement, installation and commissioning of
specialised cleanrooms, cryogenic systems and advanced fabrication
equipment sourced from national and international suppliers. As per current
assessments, the implementation timelines across centres indicate
completion around 2028. These facilities are being established for world-
class quantum fabrication and device-development capabilities within the
country, enabling researchers and startups for development of prototype
quantum processors, sensors and materials indigenously.
(f) Under the National Quantum Mission (NQM), industry–academia
collaboration forms a core part of the implementation framework. Four
Thematic Hubs (T-Hubs) established at IISc Bengaluru (Quantum
Computing), IIT Madras in association with C-DOT (Quantum
Communication), IIT Bombay (Quantum Sensing & Metrology) and IIT Delhi
(Quantum Materials & Devices)—bring together academic institutions, R&D
organisations, startups and industry through 14 Technical Groups and 17
Project Teams involving 152 researchers from 43 institutions. These T-Hubs
are engaged in technology development, entrepreneurship and industry
collaboration, and international partnerships. DST has also supported eight
quantum start-ups—QuNu Labs, QPiAI, Dimira Technologies, Prenishq,
QuPrayog, Pristine Diamonds, Quanastra and Quan2D Technologies—
enabling wider national and global engagement in quantum technology
development.
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