**Executive Summary:**
This document outlines the progress of the Gaganyaan programme, India's human spaceflight initiative, including updates on hardware development, infrastructure establishment, and mission planning. It details long-term objectives, including the establishment of the Bharatiya Antariksha Station (BAS) by 2035 and a mission to land an Indian on the Moon by 2040. The document also confirms that astronaut training is underway, aligned with mission timelines.
**Key Points / Main Content:**
* **Gaganyaan Programme Status:**
* **HLVM3:** Human Rated Launch Vehicle development and ground testing are completed.
* **Orbital Module:** Propulsion systems for Crew and Service Modules developed and tested; ECLSS engineering model realized.
* **Crew Escape System (CES):** Five types of motors developed and statically tested.
* **Infrastructure:** Orbital Module Preparation Facility, Gaganyaan Control Centre and facility, Crew training facility, and Second Launch pad modifications established.
* **Precursor Missions:** Test Vehicle developed and flight tested (TVD1); TVD2 and IADT01 activities are in progress.
* **Flight Operations:** Ground network configuration finalized; IDRSS1 feeder stations and terrestrial links established.
* **Crew Recovery:** Recovery assets finalized; Recovery Plan worked out.
* **First Uncrewed Mission (G1):** C32G stage and CES motors realised. HS200 Motors and CES Fore end up to Crew Module Jettisoning Motor stacked. Crew Module and Service module structure realised. Crew Module Phase1 checks completed.
* **Long-Term Objectives:**
* Aims to fulfil aspirations of an established space faring nation.
* Vision includes the Bharatiya Antariksha Station (BAS) by 2035 and Indian Moon Landing by 2040.
* Approval obtained for development of the 1st module of BAS.
* **Lunar Mission (2040):**
* Mission aspects and configuration of launch vehicle and orbital module systems have been taken up.
* **Astronaut Training:**
* Training modules are in line with the requirements of the ongoing Gaganyaan programme and proposed Moon landing mission timelines.
**Impact Analysis:**
**Department of Space:**
* *Impact:* Responsible for execution and further development of the Gaganyaan program, establishment of BAS, and planning of the lunar mission.
* *Action Required:* Continue development, testing, and realization of planned milestones for Gaganyaan, BAS, and lunar mission.
**Indian Astronauts:**
* *Impact:* Directly involved in training and preparation for the Gaganyaan mission and future space endeavors, including the lunar mission.
* *Action Required:* Continue intensive training as per the established modules.
**Research and Technology Development Sector:**
* *Impact:* National research and technology development will experience transformative shift towards Viksit Bharat goal.
* *Action Required:* Align with the technological needs of the human spaceflight program, focusing on innovation and development.
Key Entities Referenced
Gaganyaan Programme: India's human spaceflight programme aimed at demonstrating indigenous capability to send humans to Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
Bharatiya Antariksha Station: India's planned space station, with a goal to establish it by 2035.
HLVM3: Human Rated Launch Vehicle HLVM3 is a launch vehicle being developed for the Gaganyaan programme.
TVD1: Test Vehicle developed for validating Crew Escape System and flight tested in TVD1.
IDRSS1: Indian Data Relay Satellite System (IDRSS) feeder stations which will be used for communication.
DR. JITENDRA SINGH: Minister of State in the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances Pensions and in the Prime Ministers Office.
Indian Moon Landing: A government of India initiative to land an Indian on the moon by 2040.
ECLSS: Environmental Control and Life Support System engineering model realized.
O.I.H.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
DEPARTMENT OF SPACE
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 686
TO BE ANSWERED ON WEDNESDAY, JULY 23, 2025
GAGANYAAN MISSION
686. SHRI ALOK SHARMA:
DR. BHOLA SINGH:
SMT. MAHIMA KUMARI MEWAR:
MS. KANGNA RANAUT:
Will the PRIME MINISTER be pleased to state:
(a) the details of the current status and key milestones achieved in
the Gaganyaan programme, including the scheduled timeline for
India's first human spaceflight;
(b) the details of the long-term objectives of India's human
spaceflight initiatives including plans for establishing the
Bharatiya Antariksha Station by 2035;
(c) the details of the steps taken by the Government to achieve its
goal of sending an Astronaut to the Moon by 2040; and
(d) whether any Indian Astronauts have begun training in preparation
for this mission and if so, the details thereof?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC
GRIEVANCES & PENSIONS AND IN THE PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE
(DR. JITENDRA SINGH):
****(a) The following is the current status & key milestones achieved in
Gaganyaan Programme:
1. New Developments
i. Human Rated Launch Vehicle (HLVM3): Development and
ground testing completed.
ii. Orbital Module: Propulsion systems for Crew Module and
Service Module developed and tested. ECLSS engineering
model realized.
iii. Crew Escape System (CES): 5 types of motors developed and
static tested.
iv. Infrastructure established: Orbital Module Preparation
Facility, Gaganyaan Control Centre, Gaganyaan Control
facility, Crew training facility, Second Launch pad
modifications.
v. Precursor Missions: A Test Vehicle developed for validating
CES and flight tested in TV-D1. Activities are in progress for
TV-D2 and IADT-01.
vi. Flight Operations and Communication Network: Ground
network configuration finalized. IDRSS-1 feeder stations and
terrestrial links established.
vii. Crew Recovery Operations: Recovery assets finalized.
Recovery Plan worked out.
2. First Uncrewed Mission (G1): C32-G stage and CES motors
realised. HS200 Motors and CES Fore end up to Crew Module
Jettisoning Motor stacked. Crew Module and Service module
structure realised. Crew Module Phase-1 checks completed.(b) The human spaceflight programme is aimed at fulfilling
aspirations of an established space fairing nation. The technological
and manufacturing capabilities towards the goal of ‘Viksit Bharat’ will
hinge on a transformative shift in the national research and technology
development landscape. After proving the basic capabilities for human
space activities under Gaganyaan Programme, the next logical step is
to initiate the development activities for a human habitat or a space
station in the low earth orbit to enable longer human space missions.
In this regard, the long-term vision of Indian Human Space Programme
includes Bharatiya Antariksha Station (BAS) by 2035 and Indian Moon
Landing by 2040.
Plans for establishing five modules of Bharatiya Antariksha Station
(BAS) by 2035 towards which approval for development of 1st module of
BAS is obtained.
(c) As per the vision envisaged by Government of India to land an
Indian on moon by 2040, the mission aspects, configuration of launch
vehicle and orbital module systems have been taken up.
(d) Training modules including incremental training for the ongoing
Gaganyaan programme and proposed landing of an Indian on Moon is in
line with the requirement of mission timelines.
****