**Executive Summary**
This document addresses initiatives to enhance urban housing and development in India, responding to questions raised in Lok Sabha. The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) outlines the status of key initiatives, the plan to address challenges in the housing market, and the role of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD). The period of PMAY-U has been extended upto 31.12.2025 to complete sanctioned houses.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Housing Schemes & Implementation:**
* Land and Colonisation are State subjects, with schemes implemented by States/UTs.
* MoHUA supplements State/UT efforts via Central Assistance through Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban (PMAY-U).
* PMAY-U is implemented through four verticals.
* PMAY-U scheme period extended to 31.12.2025 to complete sanctioned houses.
* **PMAY-U 2.0:**
* MoHUA revamped the scheme and launched PMAY-U 2.0 with effect from 01.09.2024 to support 1 crore additional eligible beneficiaries in the next five years.
* Implemented through four verticals: Beneficiary Led Construction (BLC), Affordable Housing in Partnership (AHP), Interest Subsidy Scheme (ISS), and Affordable Rental Housing (ARH).
* Scheme guidelines available at: https://pmay-urban.gov.in/uploads/guidelines/Operational-Guidelines-of-PMAY-U-2.pdf.
* **Housing Project Status:**
* 122.06 lakh houses, including 10.43 lakh under PMAY-U 2.0, have been sanctioned.
* 113.85 lakh houses grounded and 96.02 lakh completed/delivered as of 24.11.2025.
* **Affordable Housing Policy (AHP):**
* Public/Private sector agencies are encouraged to construct houses for Economically Weaker Section (EWS) beneficiaries under AHP.
* States/UTs have to formulate Affordable Housing Policy.
* PMAY-U 2.0 supports States/UTs to formulate ‘Affordable Housing Policy'.
* **Real Estate Regulation:**
* Parliament enacted the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 [RERA].
* **Rental Housing Market:**
* Central Government formulated the Model Tenancy Act (MTA).
* ARH vertical under PMAY-U 2.0 addresses the need for rental stock.
* States/UTs have been mandated to formulate Affordable Housing Policy (AHP) incorporating various reforms.
* Reforms include Nominal (less than 1%) Stamp Duty/Registration Charges for houses (up to 60 sqm.) registered under PMAY-U 2.0.
* **Transit-Oriented Development (TOD):**
* TOD integrates land use and transport planning to develop compact growth centres.
* TOD promotes public transport, high-density zones, and mixed land-use development to reduce travel.
* TOD integrates EWS and affordable housing by allocating a prescribed proportion of built-up area.
**Impact Analysis**
**States/Union Territories (UTs)**
* **Impact:** Responsible for implementing housing and development schemes, and for formulating Affordable Housing Policies.
* **Action Required:** Implement housing schemes, formulate Affordable Housing Policies, and adopt reforms like reduced stamp duty/registration charges.
**Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA)**
* **Impact:** Supplements States/UTs efforts by providing Central Assistance through PMAY-U, and oversees the implementation of the schemes.
* **Action Required:** Continue providing Central Assistance, monitor the implementation of PMAY-U and PMAY-U 2.0, and oversee States/UTs' formulation of Affordable Housing Policies.
**Beneficiaries (Citizens, Homebuyers, Tenants)**
* **Impact:** Access to affordable housing through PMAY-U, protection of interests through RERA, and a more transparent rental market through the Model Tenancy Act.
* **Action Required:** Engage with PMAY-U schemes, understand rights under RERA, and utilize the provisions of the Model Tenancy Act.
**Public/Private Agencies**
* **Impact:** Encouraged to construct houses for Economically Weaker Section (EWS) beneficiaries under AHP vertical
* **Action Required:** Construct houses for Economically Weaker Section (EWS) beneficiaries under AHP vertical
Key Entities Referenced
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban (PMAY-U): A Central Assistance scheme to provide pucca houses to eligible beneficiaries across the country.
PMAY-U 2.0 ‘Housing for All’ Mission: A revamped version of the PMAY-U scheme implemented to support additional eligible beneficiaries in urban areas.
Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 [RERA]: An Act enacted by Parliament to protect the interests of homebuyers and ensure transparency and accountability in the Real Estate Sector.
Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA): The central ministry responsible for implementing and supplementing housing schemes in States/Union Territories.
Model Tenancy Act (MTA): A framework to balance the rights of tenants and landlords, providing a speedy dispute resolution mechanism.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2048
TO BE ANSWERED ON DECEMBER 11, 2025
INITIATIVES TO ENHANCE URBAN HOUSING AND DEVELOPMENT
NO. 2048. SHRI KRIPANATH MALLAH:
Will the Minister of HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS be pleased to state:
(a) the status of the key initiatives to enhance urban housing and development,
particularly regarding the creation of ten million new housing units;
(b) the details of the Government's plan to address challenges in the housing
market such as high stamp duties and the need for a transparent rental
housing market; and
(c) the role of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) in shaping urban planning
for large cities and the manner in which it integrates with existing
transportation infrastructure?
ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE
MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS
(SHRI TOKHAN SAHU)
(a) & (b): ‘Land’ and ‘Colonisation’ are State subjects. Therefore, schemes
related to housing and development for their citizens are implemented by
States/Union Territories (UTs). However, Ministry of Housing and Urban
Affairs (MoHUA) supplements the efforts of States/UTs by providing Central
Assistance to provide pucca house to eligible beneficiaries across the
country through Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban (PMAY-U). The PMAY-
U scheme is implemented through four verticals. The scheme period of
PMAY-U has been extended upto 31.12.2025 to complete sanctioned houses
without changing the funding pattern and implementation methodology.
…2/--2-
Based on the learning from the experiences of implementation of PMAY-U,
MoHUA has revamped the scheme and launched PMAY-U 2.0 ‘Housing for
All’ Mission with effect from 01.09.2024 for implementation in urban areas
across the country to support 1 crore additional eligible beneficiaries in
next five years. PMAY-U 2.0 is implemented through four verticals i.e.,
Beneficiary Led Construction (BLC), Affordable Housing in Partnership
(AHP), Interest Subsidy Scheme (ISS) and Affordable Rental Housing (ARH).
The scheme guidelines of PMAY-U 2.0 are available at https://pmay-
urban.gov.in/uploads/guidelines/Operational-Guidelines-of-PMAY-U-2.pdf.
Based on project proposals submitted by the States/UTs, a total of 122.06
lakh houses including 10.43 lakh under PMAY-U 2.0, have been sanctioned
by the Ministry since inception of the scheme by the Ministry. Out of which
113.85 lakh houses have been grounded and 96.02 lakh are
completed/delivered to the beneficiaries across the country, as on
24.11.2025.
As per the scheme guidelines of PMAY-U 2.0, Public/Private sector agencies
are encouraged to construct houses for Economically Weaker Section (EWS)
beneficiaries under AHP vertical. States/UTs have to formulate “Affordable
Housing Policy” to provide various reforms and incentives to Public/Private
agencies including reduction of stamp duty on time bound basis to develop
affordable housing ecosystem. PMAY-U 2.0 supports States/UTs to
formulate ‘Affordable Housing Policy’.
Further, in order to protect the interest of homebuyers and to ensure
transparency and accountability in the Real Estate Sector, Parliament has
enacted the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 [RERA].
To ensure a transparent rental market, the Central Government formulated
the Model Tenancy Act (MTA) to balance the rights of tenants and landlords
and provide a speedy dispute resolution mechanism. Additionally, ARH
vertical under PMAY-U 2.0 specifically addresses the need for adequate
rental stock for urban dwellers. Under PMAY-U 2.0, States/UTs have been
mandated to formulate Affordable Housing Policy (AHP) incorporating
various reforms. One of the reforms is Nominal (less than 1%) Stamp
Duty/Registration Charges for houses (up to 60 sqm.) registered under
PMAY-U 2.0.
…3/--3-
(c): The larger role of Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is to integrate
landuse and transport planning to develop compact growth centres within
the influence zone on either side of the transit stations i.e., areas within
walking distance. The TOD approach seeks to promote the use of public
transport by developing high density zones in the influence area, which
would increase the share of transit and walk trips made by the
residents/workers to meet the daily needs and also result in reduction in
pollution and congestion in the influence area. It also promotes all the basic
needs of work/job, shopping, public amenities, entertainment in the
influence zone with mixed land-use development which would reduce the
need for travel in larger cities. Further, it also integrates the EWS and
affordable housing in the influence zone by allocating a prescribed
proportion of built-up area for them in the total housing supply.
*****