**Executive Summary**
This document discusses the India Meteorological Department's (IMD) efforts in mapping and forecasting heatwaves. The IMD provides heatwave forecasts and warnings, including a web-based GIS heatwave portal displaying current conditions and 5-day forecasts. They also developed a Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Heatwave Forecasting and Warning Systems:**
* IMD provides heatwave forecasts and warnings at multiple spatial and temporal scales.
* A web-based GIS heatwave portal displays current conditions and 5-day forecasts at district and sub-city levels.
* IMD developed a Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India, providing district-level maps of hazard occurrence and vulnerability.
* The Atlas identifies hotspots with high hazard potential and higher vulnerability for heatwaves.
* **Characteristics of Forecasts and Warnings:**
* Impact heat wave forecasts and warnings are issued in a colour-coded format, considering meteorological parameters like maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity, and winds.
* Heat action plans and thresholds are developed under the aegis of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA).
* Heat wave alerts are tailored to geographic characteristics (plain, hilly, or coastal stations).
* **Temporal Scales and Dissemination:**
* Heat wave and temperature outlooks are provided on multiple temporal scales (seasonal to monthly, extended range, and medium to short range).
* A dedicated heat wave bulletin is issued for Indian Railways.
* Heat wave and temperature information is disseminated via a web-based GIS system.
* Bulletins include generalized impact assessments and recommended actions aligned with NDMA guidelines.
* **Sector-Specific Information:**
* Generation of sector-wise heat thresholds (e.g., for health, agriculture, energy) is possible, depending on detailed impact data.
**Impact Analysis**
**Public and Disaster Management Authorities**
* **Impact:** Receive heatwave forecasts and warnings for mitigation and preparedness.
* **Action Required:** Utilize the provided information to implement appropriate mitigation strategies and preparedness measures.
**Indian Railways**
* **Impact:** Receives a dedicated heat wave bulletin.
* **Action Required:** Ensure operational preparedness based on the information provided in the heat wave bulletin.
**Sectoral Stakeholders (Health, Agriculture, Energy, etc.)**
* **Impact:** Access to heat wave and temperature information for customized use. May have sector-specific heat thresholds generated, contingent on data availability.
* **Action Required:** Utilize the information for sector-specific planning and response; provide detailed impact data to enable the generation of relevant heat thresholds.
Key Entities Referenced
India Meteorological Department (IMD): Primary agency providing heatwave forecasts and warnings and developing related resources.
National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA): Agency under whose aegis the heat action plan & any thresholds are developed.
Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India: Atlas developed by IMD that provides district-level maps of hazard occurrence and vulnerability.
GIS (Geographic Information System) heatwave portal: Web-based portal developed by IMD to display current heatwave conditions and forecasts.
Indian Railways: Sector for which IMD issues a dedicated heat wave bulletin.
Ministry of Earth Sciences
PARLIAMENT QUESTION: MAPPING OF
HEATWAVES
प्रव तथ: 03 DEC 2025 6:54PM by PIB Delhi
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has been providing heatwave forecasts and warnings at
multiple spatial and temporal scales and shares them with the public and disaster management authorities
for mitigation and preparedness. For this, IMD has developed a web-based GIS (Geographic Information
System) heatwave portal, where current heatwave conditions and 5-day forecasts are displayed at the
district and sub-city scales on interactive maps. IMD has also developed a Climate Hazards and
Vulnerability Atlas of India for 13 major meteorological hazards, including heatwaves. This Atlas, hosted
on a GIS-based web platform, provides district-level maps of hazard occurrence and vulnerability for
each month and annually, and identifies hotspots with high hazard potential and higher vulnerability for
heatwaves.
IMD issues impact heat wave forecasts and warnings in a colour-coded format, considering different
meteorological parameters like maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity, winds,
and their co-existence & persistence. The heat action plan & any thresholds within it are developed under
the aegis of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) and other concerned disaster
management authorities.IMD issues heat wave alerts tailored to geographic characteristics—plain, hilly,
or coastal stations—to better capture region-wise temperature extremes. Heat wave and temperature
outlooks are provided on multiple temporal scales (from seasonal to monthly, followed by extended range
and medium to short range) to facilitate both anticipatory and immediate response measures. IMD issues
a dedicated heat wave bulletin specifically for Indian Railways, ensuring operational preparedness for
this critical sector. Heat wave and temperature information is disseminated via a web-based GIS system,
making the data accessible to various sectoral stakeholders for customised use. The heat wave bulletins
include generalised impact assessments and recommended actions aligned with NDMA guidelines. The
generation of sector-wise heat thresholds (e.g., for health, agriculture, energy) is possible, contingent on
the availability of detailed impact data from those sectors.
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NKR/AK
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