**Summary:**
In response to Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 1349, regarding India's Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement, the Minister of State in the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change clarifies that India did not default on the February 2025 deadline. As per the Paris Agreement and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) resolutions, NDCs are to be communicated every five years, based on the principle of Common But Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC) and national circumstances. India submitted its first NDC in 2015 and updated it in August 2022.
India has already achieved 50% share in non-fossil fuel power electricity generation installed capacity and is on track to achieve its other quantitative targets. India's climate action is guided by its national circumstances, NDC, and the Long-Term Low Carbon Development Strategy (LT-LEDS), with the goal of achieving net-zero emissions by 2070, and its Initial Adaptation Communication.
The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) serves as the overarching framework for India's climate actions. It comprises missions focused on solar energy, enhanced energy efficiency, sustainable lifestyles based on the precepts of Mission LiFE (Lifestyle for Environment), sustainable habitat, water, sustaining Himalayan ecosystems, Green India, sustainable agriculture, human health, and strategic knowledge for climate change. These missions are institutionalized and implemented by their respective Nodal Ministries/Departments. Furthermore, 34 States/Union Territories (UTs) have prepared their State Action Plans on Climate Change (SAPCCs) in line with the NAPCC, addressing state-specific climate change issues; the responsibility for implementing SAPCCs rests with the respective states. The Government of India has also launched various schemes and programs to scale up India’s climate action and is committed to fulfilling its international obligations.
Key Entities Referenced
National Determined Contribution: A climate action plan to reduce emissions and adapt to climate change, submitted by countries under the Paris Agreement. Abbreviated as NDC.
Paris Agreement: An international agreement on climate change, adopted in 2015.
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change: The Indian government ministry responsible for environmental protection and climate change policies.
Kirti Vardhan Singh: Minister of State in the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Changes: An international environmental treaty adopted in 1992 to combat climate change.
Long-Term Low Carbon Development Strategy: A strategy to achieve net-zero emissions by 2070, abbreviated as LTLEDS.
National Action Plan on Climate Change: An overarching framework for climate actions in India, abbreviated as NAPCC.
State Action Plans on Climate Change: Climate action plans prepared by States and Union Territories in India, abbreviated as SAPCC.
OIH
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1349
TO BE ANSWERED ON 28.07.2025
NDC Targets
1349. SHRI HARISH CHANDRA MEENA:
Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to
state:
(a) whether the Government defaulted in submission of its updated National Determined
Contribution (NDC) by the February, 2025 deadline under Paris Agreement;
(b) if so, the reasons for the delay along with the new deadline fixed for the same; and
(c) if not, the details of latest climate action plan and the steps taken to fulfill international
obligations?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
(SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH)
(a) to (c) Under the Paris Agreement and the United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change’s resolutions, all country parties are required to prepare and communicate their
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) every five years based on the principle of CBDR-
RC and national circumstances. India has submitted its first NDC in 2015 and updated it in
August 2022, and has already achieved 50% share in non-fossil fuel power electricity
generation installed capacity and is well on track to achieve its other quantitative targets.
India’s climate action is guided by its own national circumstances, NDC and the Long-Term
Low Carbon Development Strategy (LT-LEDS) to achieve net-zero by 2070 and Initial
Adaptation Communication. Towards this end, the Government has prepared and is
implementing National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). It provides the overarching
framework for all climate actions and comprises of missions in specific areas of solar energy,
enhanced energy efficiency, sustainable lifestyles based on the precepts of Mission LiFE
(Lifestyle for Environment) sustainable habitat, water, sustaining Himalayan ecosystems,
Green India, sustainable agriculture, human health and strategic knowledge for climate change.
All these Missions are institutionalized and implemented by their respective Nodal
Ministries/Departments, Further, thirty-four States/Union Territories (UTs) have prepared their
State Action Plans on Climate Change (SAPCC) in line with NAPCC taking into account the
State specific issues relating to climate change. The responsibility of the implementation of the
SAPCCs rest with the respective States. In addition, the Government of India has launched
various schemes and programs to scale up India’s climate action. The Government has taken
various steps, and stands committed to fulfil its international obligations.
****