**Executive Summary**
This document contains the response to Starred Question No. 251 in Lok Sabha on December 17, 2025, regarding Nuclear Power Plants and Projects in the Country. The Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions and Prime Minister's Office, Dr. Jitendra Singh, provided the response, which was laid on the Table of the House. The document outlines the current status, future plans, and collaborations related to nuclear power in India, including Small Modular Reactors (SMRs).
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Current Nuclear Power Capacity:**
* 24 nuclear power plants are in commercial operation (excluding RAPS-1) with a total capacity of 8,780 MW.
* 4 reactors (760 MW) are in project mode for Renovation and Modernisation (R&M)/Refurbishment.
* 20 reactors (8020 MW) are in operation.
* **Nuclear Power Plants Under Construction/Pre-Project:**
* 8 reactors (6600 MW) are at various stages of construction/commissioning.
* 10 reactors (7000 MW) are under pre-project activities.
* **Small Modular Reactors (SMRs):**
* ₹20,000 crore budgetary provision has been made for the research, design, development, and deployment of SMRs.
* Aim to develop and operationalize at least five indigenously designed SMRs by 2033.
* BARC initiated design and development works on SMRs, including a 200 MWe Bharat Small Modular Reactor, a 55 MWe Small Modular Reactor, and a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor for hydrogen generation.
* **Nuclear Energy Mission (NEM):**
* Envisages reaching a capacity of 100 GW by 2047.
* DAE PSUs expected to contribute 58-60 GW, with the balance from Public and Private sector companies.
* **International Collaboration:**
* NPCIL is setting up four reactors (4 GW) in cooperation with Russia.
* NPCIL plans to set up another 17.6 GW capacity with foreign cooperation to reach 54 GW by 2047.
* **NTPC Involvement:**
* NTPC plans to set up nuclear power plants and has entered into a JV with NPCIL named Anushakti Vidhyut Nigam Limited (ASHVINI).
* **ASHVINI Joint Venture:**
* Government approved ASHVINI (NPCIL with 51% stake and NTPC with 49% stake) to take up nuclear power generation.
* Government approved implementation of Mahi Banswara 1 to 4 (4X700 MW) project by ASHVINI.
**Impact Analysis**
**NPCIL**
*Impact:*
NPCIL will expand its nuclear power capacity through collaborations and joint ventures.
*Action Required:*
NPCIL needs to execute plans for setting up new reactors in cooperation with Russian Federation and foreign countries and through the ASHVINI joint venture.
**NTPC**
*Impact:*
NTPC will enter the nuclear power generation sector through a joint venture with NPCIL.
*Action Required:*
NTPC needs to collaborate with NPCIL through ASHVINI to set up and operate nuclear power plants, including the Mahi Banswara project.
**DAE PSUs**
*Impact:*
DAE PSUs are expected to contribute significantly to the Nuclear Energy Mission’s target of 100 GW by 2047.
*Action Required:*
DAE PSUs need to develop plans to expand capacity by a total of 58-60 GW.
**BARC**
*Impact:*
BARC is responsible for the design and development of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs).
*Action Required:*
BARC needs to continue research, design, and development of SMRs to operationalize at least five indigenous SMRs by 2033.
**Public and Private Sector Companies**
*Impact:*
Public and private sector companies are expected to contribute to the NEM's target of 100 GW by 2047.
*Action Required:*
Public and private sector companies need to set up a capacity to reach the NEM target of 100 GW by 2047.
Key Entities Referenced
Nuclear Power Plants and Projects in the Country: Subject of the parliamentary question and the focus of the provided information.
Nuclear Energy Mission (NEM): A national initiative focused on expanding nuclear power capacity.
Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL): A key entity involved in nuclear power generation and projects.
National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC): A major power company with plans to enter nuclear power generation.
Anushakti Vidhyut Nigam Limited (ASHVINI): A joint venture of NPCIL and NTPC established for nuclear power generation.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
DEPARTMENT OF ATOMIC ENERGY
LOK SABHA
STARRED QUESTION NO. 251
ANSWERED ON 17.12.2025
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS AND PROJECTS IN THE COUNTRY
*251. SHRI TATKARE SUNIL DATTATREY
Will the PRIME MINISTER be pleased to state:-
(a) the current number and details of nuclear power plants in the country along with gross capacity
and the maximum dependable power generation or maximum continuous capacity;
(b) the number and details of the nuclear power plants under construction and initiatives taken to
promote research and development of Nuclear Small Modular Reactors (SMRs);
(c) the details of private partnerships, if any, under the Nuclear Energy Mission;
(d) the details of partnerships with foreign countries, if any, under the Nuclear Energy Mission along
with the role of National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) in expanding nuclear power
capacity in the Country; and
(e) the details of collaboration between NTPC and Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited
(NPCIL)?
ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES & PENSIONS
AND PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE (DR. JITENDRA SINGH)
(a) to (e): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
******
1Government of India
Department of Atomic Energy
STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (A) TO (E) IN RESPECT OF LOK SABHA
STARRED QUESTION NO. 251 FOR REPLY ON 17.12.2025 REGARDING “NUCLEAR
POWER PLANTS AND PROJECTS IN THE COUNTRY” ASKED BY SHRI TATKARE SUNIL
DATTATREY.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(a) Presently, there are 24 nuclear power plants (excluding RAPS-1, which is under extended
shutdown) in commercial operation in the country with a total capacity of 8,780 MW. Of these,
four reactors with a total capacity of 760 MW are presently in project mode for Renovation and
Modernisation (R&M)/Refurbishment. The remaining 20 reactors with a total capacity 8020 MW
are in operation. The details are given in Annexure-I.
(b) There are eight nuclear power reactors with a total capacity of 6600 MW at various stages of
construction/ commissioning and ten reactors (7000 MW) are under pre-project activities. The
details are given in Annexure-II.
Under the Nuclear Energy Mission announced in the Union Budget 2025–26, a total budgetary
provision of ₹20,000 crore has been made for the research, design, development, and deployment
of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs). This allocation is aimed at supporting India’s objective of
developing and operationalizing at least five indigenously designed SMRs by 2033. BARC has
initiated design and development works on SMRs namely,
(i) 200 MWe Bharat Small Modular Reactor (BSMR-200),
(ii) 55 MWe Small Modular Reactor (SMR-55), and
(iii) Up to 5 MWth High temperature gas cooled reactor meant for hydrogen generation.
(c) The Nuclear Energy Mission (NEM) envisages reaching a capacity of 100 GW by 2047 from
present installed capacity of 8.78 GW (excluding RAPS-1, 100 MW). Of this, PSUs of DAE are
expected to contribute about 58-60 GW and the balance is expected to be set-up by Public and
Private sector companies.
(d) NPCIL is already setting up four reactors with a capacity of 4 GW in cooperation with Russian
federation. As a part of its road map to reach about 54 GW by 2047, NPCIL plans setting up of
another 17.6 GW capacity with foreign cooperation. NTPC is the largest power company in the
country which also has plans to set up nuclear power plants. In this context, NTPC has entered
into a JV with NPCIL named, Anushakti Vidhyut Nigam Limited (ASHVINI).
(e) The Government on September 11, 2024 accorded approval to the Anushakti Vidhyut Nigam
Limited (ASHVINI), a Joint Venture (JV) of NPCIL (with 51% stake) and NTPC (with 49%
stake) Limited, to take up nuclear power generation and associated activities in the country. The
Government has also approved implementation of Mahi Banswara 1 to 4 (4X700 MW) project
by ASHVINI.
2Annexure-I
Details of Operational Nuclear Power Plants In the Country
State Location Unit Capacity (MW)
TAPS-1$ 160
TAPS-2$ 160
Maharashtra Tarapur
TAPS-3 540
TAPS-4 540
RAPS-1* 100
RAPS-2 200
RAPS-3 220
Rajasthan Rawatbhata RAPS-4 220
RAPS-5 220
RAPS-6 220
RAPS-7 700
MAPS-1$ 220
Kalpakkam
MAPS-2 220
Tamilnadu
KKNPP-1 1000
Kudankulam
KKNPP-2 1000
NAPS-1 220
Uttar Pradesh Narora
NAPS-2 220
KAPS-1 220
KAPS-2 220
Gujarat Kakrapar
KAPS-3 700
KAPS-4 700
KGS-1$ 220
KGS-2 220
Karnataka Kaiga
KGS-3 220
KGS-4 220
‘*’ RAPS-1 (100 MW) is under extended shutdown.
‘$’ TAPS-1, TAPS-2, MAPS-1, KGS-1 in project mode for Renovation and Modernisation
(R&M)/Refurbishment
Annexure-II
Details of under construction Nuclear Power Plants in the Country
State Location Project Capacity (MW)
Projects Under Construction / Commissioning
Rajasthan Rawatbhata RAPP-8 1 X 700
KKNPP-3&4 2 X 1000
Tamilnadu Kudankulam
KKNPP-5&6 2 X 1000
Haryana Gorakhpur GHAVP-1&2 2 X 700
PFBR – Prototype Fast
Tamilnadu Kalpakkam 1 X 500
Breeder Reactor
Projects Under Pre-project Activities
Karnataka Kaiga Kaiga-5&6 2 X 700
Haryana Gorakhpur GHAVP– 3&4 2 X 700
Madhya Pradesh Chutka Chutka-1&2 2 X 700
Mahi Banswara-1&2* 2 X 700
Rajasthan Mahi Banswara
Mahi Banswara-3&4* 2 X 700
* Mahi Banswara-1&2 and Mahi Banswara-3&4 being implemented by ASHVINI, a
Joint Venture of NPCIL and NTPC
******
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