Executive Summary:
This document is the Indian Ministry of Power's response to Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 1877, answered on July 31, 2025, regarding electricity requirements and production in India. It details the country's electricity generation capacity, energy supply position, and plans for future energy production, including a shift towards non-fossil sources while maintaining coal-based energy production. The report includes data up to June 2025.
Key Points / Main Content:
Electricity Requirement and Production:
* Average electricity requirement and gross generation per day (MU/day) for FY 2022-23: 4,147 and 4,450.59, respectively.
* Average electricity requirement and gross generation per day (MU/day) for FY 2023-24: 4,443 and 4,751.62, respectively.
* Average electricity requirement and gross generation per day (MU/day) for FY 2024-25: 4,641 and 5,012.87, respectively.
* Average electricity requirement and gross generation per day (MU/day) for FY 2025-26 (up to June 2025): 4,892 and 5,230.25, respectively.
Energy Supply Position:
* The gap between energy requirement and energy supplied has declined to 0.1 MU in FY 2024-25.
* The gap between energy requirement and energy supplied has declined to almost NIL during the current financial year 2025-26 (up to June 2025).
Energy Production Plans:
* India has transitioned from a power-deficit to a power-sufficient nation, adding 260.784 GW of fresh generation capacity since April 2014.
* Installed generation capacity as of the report is 484.819 GW.
* The share of coal-based installed capacity is expected to decrease from approximately 46% in June 2025 to about 30% in 2031-32.
* There is no plan to stop energy production from coal.
* An additional minimum of 97,000 MW of coal and lignite-based thermal capacity is planned by 2034-35.
* Approximately 11,680 MW of thermal capacities have been commissioned since April 2023 to June 2025.
* 38,935 MW of thermal capacity, including 5,695 MW of stressed thermal power projects, are currently under construction.
* Contracts for 15,440 MW of thermal capacity were awarded in FY 2024-25.
* 35,460 MW of coal and lignite-based candidate capacity has been identified and is in various stages of planning.
Impact Analysis:
Government of India:
Impact: The Government is responsible for ensuring adequate power availability and achieving the planned shift towards non-fossil fuel sources, whilst commissioning additional coal and lignite capacity.
Action Required: Continue monitoring electricity supply and demand, implement plans for capacity addition, and oversee the shift towards non-fossil fuel sources.
Ministry of Power:
Impact: The Ministry is responsible for implementing the energy production plans and ensuring the country's energy needs are met.
Action Required: Execute plans for additional coal and lignite-based thermal capacity, monitor the progress of projects under construction, and award contracts for new capacity.
Energy Sector Companies (Public & Private):
Impact: These companies are responsible for contributing to the country's energy production capacity and meeting the electricity requirements.
Action Required: Align with the government's energy production plans, participate in capacity addition projects, and ensure efficient energy generation and supply.
Consumers:
Impact: Consumers are affected by the availability and reliability of the power supply.
Action Required: No direct action is required, but consumers benefit from the government's efforts to ensure adequate power availability and a stable energy supply.
Key Entities Referenced
MU: Million Units, a unit of energy used to measure electricity requirement and generation.
Ministry of Power: The Indian government ministry responsible for power generation and distribution.
Lok Sabha: The lower house of the Parliament of India, where the question was addressed.
Shri Shripad Naik: The Minister of State in the Ministry of Power who provided the answer to the question.
National Electricity Plan: A plan notified in May 2023, outlining the projected changes in electricity generation sources, including a reduction in coal-based capacity.
GW: Gigawatt, a unit of power used to measure electricity generation capacity. Current installed generation capacity of the country is 484.819 GW.
Thermal coal and lignite capacity: Capacity to set up an additional minimum 97,000 MW based thermal capacity to meet the projected requirement by the year 203435
FY 2024 25: Financial Year 2024-2025
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF POWER
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1877
ANSWERED ON 31.07.2025
PER DAY ELECTRICITY REQUIREMENT AND PRODUCTION
†1877. SHRI BHAUSAHEB RAJARAM WAKCHAURE:
SHRI BAJRANG MANOHAR SONWANE:
Will the Minister of POWER
be pleased to state:
(a) the requirement of electricity units and its production in units per day in
the country;
(b) whether the country is currently self-reliant in the energy sector, if so, the
details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor;
(c) whether the Government proposes to stop energy production from coal and
start producing electricity only as per the requirement and if so, the details
thereof; and
(d) the time by which the said proposal is likely to be implemented in full?
A N S W E R
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF POWER
(SHRI SHRIPAD NAIK)
(a) : The details of average electricity requirement and generation per day
(MU/day) for the last three years and the current year (till June, 2025) are given
at Annexure-I.
(b) : There is adequate availability of power in the country. Present installed
generation capacity of the country is 484.819 GW. Government of India has
addressed the critical issue of power deficiency by adding 260.784 GW of fresh
generation capacity since April, 2014 transforming the country from power deficit
to power sufficient.
…….2.- 2 -
The details of Power Supply Position in terms of Energy during the last three
years and current year 2025-26 (upto June 2025) are given at Annexure-II.
These details indicate that with improved availability of power in the
country, the gap between Energy Requirement and Energy Supplied has declined
to marginal level of 0.1% only during FY 2024-25 and further declined to almost
NIL during current financial year 2025-26 (upto June 2025).
(c) & (d): The Government of India has accorded high priority to the capacity
addition from non-fossil sources. As per National Electricity Plan (Generation),
notified in May, 2023, the share of coal based installed capacity, which is about
46% in June, 2025, is likely to reduce to about 30% in the year 2031-32. However,
there is no proposal to stop energy production from coal.
In order to meet the projected Thermal (coal and lignite) capacity
requirement by the year 2034-35, Ministry of Power has envisaged to set up an
additional minimum 97,000 MW coal and lignite based thermal capacity. Thermal
capacities of around 11,680 MW have already been commissioned since April,
2023 till June, 2025. In addition, 38,935 MW (including 5,695 MW of stressed
thermal power projects) of thermal capacity is currently under construction.
Further, contracts for 15,440 MW thermal capacity have been awarded in FY 2024-
25. Further, 35,460 MW of coal and lignite based candidate capacity has been
identified, which is at various stages of planning in the country.
**********ANNEXURE-I
ANNEXURE REFERRED IN REPLY TO PART (a) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.
1877 ANSWERED IN THE LOK SABHA ON 31.07.2025
*************
The details of average electricity requirement and generation per day (MU/day) for the last
three years and the current year till June, 2025
Energy Requirement Gross Generation
Financial Year
( MU/day ) ( MU/day )
2022-23 4147 4,450.59
2023-24 4443 4,751.62
2024-25 4641 5,012.87
2025-26 (upto June, 2025) 4892 5,230.25
Note: The Per Day MU figure is calculated by dividing the total Energy Requirement/
Generation during the year by the number of days in that year.
**************ANNEXURE-II
ANNEXURE REFERRED IN REPLY TO PART (b) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION
NO. 1877 ANSWERED IN THE LOK SABHA ON 31.07.2025
*************
The details of Power Supply Position in terms of Energy during the last three years
and current year 2025-26(upto June 2025)
Energy Energy
Energy Not Supplied
Requirement Supplied
Year
(MU) (MU) (MU) %
2022-23 15,13,497 15,05,914 7,583 0.5
2023-24 16,26,132 16,22,020 4,112 0.3
2024-25 16,93,959 16,92,369 1,590 0.1
2025-26 (upto June 2025) 4,45,197 4,45,040 157 0
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