Executive Summary:
This document presents the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways' response to questions regarding road accidents, fatalities, injuries, and the use of certified helmets in India. It provides data from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) for 2018-2022 and outlines measures taken by the government to improve road safety. The response also addresses concerns about the sale of fake BIS-certified helmets. The reference date for the data provided is July 31, 2025.
Key Points / Main Content:
Road Accident Data (2018-2022):
* Annexure I, II, and III provide state-wise data on the number of road accidents, fatalities, and injuries, respectively.
* Annexure IV and V detail the mode of transport-wise number of persons injured and died in road accidents.
Government Measures for Two-Wheeler Safety:
* The government employs a multi-pronged strategy based on 4Es: Education, Engineering, Enforcement, and Emergency Care.
* The Motor Vehicles Amendment Act, 2019 revises penalties for traffic violations and enhances penalties for juvenile driving.
* Sections 180 and 181 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 are strengthened to improve road safety.
* Section 128 limits two-wheeler drivers to carrying only one additional person.
* Section 129 mandates helmet use for all motorcycle drivers, riders, and passengers above four years of age.
* Rule 138(4)(f) of CMVR, 1989 requires two-wheeler manufacturers to supply BIS-compliant helmets at the time of purchase.
* Rule 138(7) of CMVR, 1989 includes safety provisions for children aged 0-4 years carried on motorcycles, including safety harnesses and speed limits (40 kmph as per Rule 138(7)(iii)).
* The government sets speed limits on various roads and implements road signs and markings.
Fake BIS-Certified Helmets:
* BIS has not received complaints from the Two-Wheeler Helmet Manufacturers Association of India (2WHMA).
* BIS conducted search and seizure operations in FY 2024-25, confiscating over 2,500 non-compliant helmets from 9 manufacturers.
* Enforcement actions at 17 retail locations and roadside vendors resulted in the seizure of around 500 non-compliant helmets.
Impact Analysis:
Citizens/Road Users:
* Impact: Affected by road safety regulations, penalties for violations, and the availability of safe helmets.
* Action Required: Adhere to traffic laws, use certified helmets, and ensure the safety of children on two-wheelers.
Two-Wheeler Manufacturers:
* Impact: Required to supply BIS-compliant helmets with new vehicles.
* Action Required: Ensure compliance with Rule 138(4)(f) of CMVR, 1989 and adhere to BIS standards.
Helmet Manufacturers:
* Impact: Subject to monitoring by BIS to prevent the sale of fake or non-compliant helmets.
* Action Required: Maintain BIS certification, comply with standards, and avoid producing or selling non-compliant helmets.
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS):
* Impact: Responsible for monitoring and enforcing helmet standards.
* Action Required: Continue conducting search and seizure operations and enforcement actions against non-compliant helmet manufacturers and sellers.
State/UT Transport Authorities:
* Impact: Responsible for enforcing road safety regulations and collecting accident data.
* Action Required: Enforce traffic laws, promote helmet use, and submit accurate accident data to NCRB.
Key Entities Referenced
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways: The Indian governmental ministry responsible for the formulation and administration of rules, regulations and laws relating to road transport, national highways and transport research.
National Crime Records Bureau: An Indian government agency responsible for collecting and analyzing crime data.
Motor Vehicle Amendment Act, 2019: An act amending the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, focusing on road safety with revisions in penalties for traffic violations, enhanced penalties for juvenile driving, etc.
Motor Vehicles Act, 1988: An Indian legislation that regulates all aspects of road transport vehicles. It provides regulations for traffic, insurance, registration of motor vehicles, controlling permits, and penalties.
Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989: Rules formulated by the Indian government under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, providing detailed regulations related to motor vehicles.
Bureau of Indian Standard: The National Standards Body of India responsible for standardization, marking and quality certification of goods.
TwoWheeler Helmet Manufacturers Association of India: An association of two-wheeler helmet manufacturers in India, abbreviated as 2WHMA.
Nitin Jairam Gadkari: The Minister of Road Transport and Highways of India answering the question in the Lok Sabha.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2030
ANSWERED ON 31ST JULY, 2025
ROAD ACCIDENTS AND USE OF CERTIFIED HELMETS
2030. DR. BACHHAV SHOBHA DINESH:
Will the Minister of ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS
सड़क परिवहन औि िाजमार्ग मंत्री
be pleased to state:
(a) the total number of road accidents, persons killed and persons
injured during the last five years as per the data of National Crime
Records Bureau, State-wise and year-wise;
(b) the details of the accidents involving two-wheelers, four-
wheelers and others;
(c) the measures being taken by the Government to address the issue
of casualties and fatalities of persons on two-wheelers;
(d) whether the Government has taken cognisance of the issues
raised by the Two-Wheeler Helmet Manufacturers Association of India
(2WHMA) regarding the sale and use of fake BIS-certified helmets; and
(e) if so, the action taken by the Government thereon?
ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS
(SHRI NITIN JAIRAM GADKARI)
(a) and (b) As per information received from National Crime Records
Bureau (NCRB), year-wise and State-wise number of road accidents,
fatalities and injuries during calendar year 2018 to 2022 is at Annexure
- I, Annexure – II and Annexure – III, respectively.
Based on NCRB information, Mode of Transport-wise total number of
persons injured and died in Road Accidents during the calendar Year
2018 to 2022 is at Annexure – IV and Annexure-V respectively.
(c) As per data received from the States/UTs, road accidents are
multi-causal phenomenon and are the result of interplay of various
factors. These can broadly be categorized into (i) human error, (ii) road
condition/environment and (iii) vehicular condition.
The Government in the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has
formulated a multi-pronged strategy to address the issue of road safetybased on 4Es i.e. Education, Engineering (both of roads and vehicles),
Enforcement and Emergency Care. Accordingly, various initiatives have
been taken for road safety in the Country. The initiatives, inter-alia,
includes the following safety measures for two-wheelers : -
i. The Motor Vehicle (Amendment) Act, 2019 to the Motor Vehicles
Act, 1988 focuses on road safety and includes, inter-alia, revision in
penalties for traffic violations, enhanced penalties for juvenile
driving, etc.
ii. Sections 180 and 181 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 pertaining
to offences related to driving a motor vehicle in violation of the
provisions laid down under Sections 3 and 4 of the Act. The
Amendment has strengthened the Law to improve the road safety
scenario and reduce loss of lives.
iii. Section 128 of the Motor Vehicles Act (MV Act), 1988 provides
that no driver of a two wheeled motor cycle shall carry more than
one person in addition to himself on the motor cycle.
iv. Section 129 of the MV Act, 1988 provides that every person,
above four years of age, driving or riding or being carried on a
motorcycle shall wear protective headgear / helmet.
v. Rule 138 (4) (f) of the Central Motor Vehicles Rules (CMVR), 1989
provides for supplying a protective headgear conforming to BIS
specifications by the manufacturer of two wheelers at the time of
purchase of the two wheeler.
vi. Rule 138 (7) of the CMVR, 1989 provides safety provisions for a
child aged 0 to 4 years being carried on a motorcycle - provisions
of safety harness for attaching the child to the driver of the
vehicle.
vii. Rule 138(7) (iii) of the CMVRules, 1989 provides that the speed of
the motorcycle with the child upto age 4 years being carried as a
pillion, shall not be more than 40 kmph.
viii. Government sets the speed limits on various categories of roads in
the Country, which is supplemented by implementation of
appropriate road signs and marking in order to provide timely road/
traffic information to road users and promote road safety.
(d) and (e) As per information received from Bureau of Indian
Standard (BIS), no such complaint has been received from Two-Wheeler
Helmet Manufacturers Association of India (2WHMA) regarding the sale
and use of fake BIS - certified helmets. However, in Financial Year 2024
- 25, BIS had undertaken search and seizure operations which resulted
in the confiscation of over 2,500 non-compliant helmets from 9
manufacturers whose licenses had either expired or were cancelled.
Additionally, BIS conducted enforcement actions at 17 retail locationsand roadside vendors, where around 500 non-compliant helmets were
seized.Annexure – I
ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) and (b) OF LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2030 ANSWERED ON 31ST JULY, 2025 ASKED BY
DR. BACHHAV SHOBHA DINESH REGARDING ROAD ACCIDENTS AND USE OF
CERTIFIED HELMETS
State-wise number of Road Accidents in the country during the calendar Year
2018 to 2022 as per NCRB:
SL State/UT 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
No Cases Cases Cases Cases Cases
1 Andhra Pradesh 21008 20677 17924 21556 21070
2 Arunachal Pradesh 229 200 159 261 215
3 Assam 7180 8055 6737 7069 7028
4 Bihar 9600 10007 8639 9553 10801
5 Chhattisgarh 13865 13899 11674 12395 13091
6 Goa 3710 3440 2375 2850 3012
7 Gujarat 18414 16503 13407 15200 15777
8 Haryana 11652 10937 9506 10049 10654
9 Himachal Pradesh 3119 2896 2235 2408 2484
10 Jharkhand 5394 5217 4405 4728 5175
11 Karnataka 41707 40644 34178 34647 39765
12 Kerala 40181 39944 27799 32759 43592
13 Madhya Pradesh 47469 51641 42396 48219 51965
14 Maharashtra 29740 27286 22211 26598 30546
15 Manipur 602 672 432 366 508
16 Meghalaya 258 236 205 244 246
17 Mizoram 50 57 47 64 71
18 Nagaland 50 26 27 25 24
19 Odisha 11262 11064 9817 10983 11663
20 Punjab 6424 6316 5173 6097 6122
21 Rajasthan 21743 23478 19121 20954 23620
22 Sikkim 169 172 108 122 199
23 Tamil Nadu 63920 57228 45484 55682 64105
24 Telangana 22230 21570 19172 21315 21619
25 Tripura 551 655 466 478 575
26 Uttar Pradesh 36855 37537 28653 33711 36875
27 Uttarakhand 1469 1352 1050 1405 1674
28 West Bengal 11827 12233 10843 11501 10635
29 A & N Islands 254 230 141 117 141
30 Chandigarh 317 304 157 208 238
31 D&N Haveli and Daman&Diu + 151 131 98 140 175
32 Delhi UT 6517 5601 4187 4720 5560
33 Jammu & Kashmir * 5997 5795 4861 5402 6090
34 Ladakh - - 139 237 268
35 Lakshadweep 3 1 1 4 4
36 Puducherry 1597 1392 969 1049 1181
TOTAL (ALL INDIA) 445514 437396 354796 403116 446768
Note - As per data provided by States/UTs
Source: Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India
‘+’ Combined data of erstwhile D & N HAVELI AND DAMAN & DIU UT during 2018 and
2019
‘*’ Data of erstwhile JAMMU & KASHMIR State Including LADAKH during 2018 and
2019Annexure - II
ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) and (b) OF LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2030 ANSWERED ON 31ST JULY, 2025 ASKED BY
DR. BACHHAV SHOBHA DINESH REGARDING ROAD ACCIDENTS AND USE OF
CERTIFIED HELMETS
State-wise number of Road Accident Fatalities in the country during the calendar
year 2018 to 2022 as per NCRB -
SL No State/UT 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Fatalities Fatalities Fatalities Fatalities Fatalities
1 Andhra Pradesh 7584 7984 7039 8186 8293
2 Arunachal Pradesh 163 109 90 173 152
3 Assam 2712 3245 2813 3014 3060
4 Bihar 6729 7205 6698 7660 8898
5 Chhattisgarh 4593 5003 4616 5413 5890
6 Goa 264 299 224 226 274
7 Gujarat 8040 7428 6200 7457 7634
8 Haryana 5429 5269 4631 4983 5228
9 Himachal Pradesh 1077 1124 864 1032 979
10 Jharkhand 3542 3801 3044 3513 3898
11 Karnataka 10990 10951 9760 10038 11705
12 Kerala 4303 4370 2977 3429 4317
13 Madhya Pradesh 11427 11856 11665 12480 13918
14 Maharashtra 13863 14608 12018 13911 15748
15 Manipur 135 156 127 110 127
16 Meghalaya 196 176 138 187 162
17 Mizoram 62 63 53 64 83
18 Nagaland 35 22 27 23 22
19 Odisha 5236 5333 4738 5081 5470
20 Punjab 4738 4613 3916 4516 4688
21 Rajasthan 10320 10563 9252 10043 11103
22 Sikkim 71 84 42 64 98
23 Tamil Nadu 12216 10525 8059 15384 17884
24 Telangana 6603 6964 6882 7557 7559
25 Tripura 212 239 192 194 241
26 Uttar Pradesh 22541 23285 19037 21792 24109
27 Uttarakhand 1073 867 693 824 1042
28 West Bengal 5469 5724 5171 5831 5788
29 A & N Islands 19 20 14 22 19
30 Chandigarh 101 104 53 96 83
31 D&N Haveli and Daman&Diu + 90 78 64 76 80
32 Delhi UT 1734 1508 1196 1239 1461
33 Jammu & Kashmir * 986 1009 731 804 838
34 Ladakh - - 32 56 66
35 Lakshadweep 1 0 0 1 2
36 Puducherry 226 147 145 143 181
TOTAL (ALL INDIA) 152780 154732 133201 155622 171100
Note - As per data provided by States/UTs
Source: Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India
‘+’ Combined data of erstwhile D & N HAVELI AND DAMAN & DIU UT during 2018 and
2019
‘*’ Data of erstwhile JAMMU & KASHMIR State Including LADAKH during 2018 and
2019Annexure - III
ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) and (b) OF LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2030 ANSWERED ON 31ST JULY, 2025 ASKED BY
DR. BACHHAV SHOBHA DINESH REGARDING ROAD ACCIDENTS AND USE OF
CERTIFIED HELMETS
State-wise number of Road Accident Injuries in the country during calendar
year 2018 to 2022 as per NCRB –
SL No State/UT 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Injuries Injuries Injuries Injuries Injuries
1 Andhra Pradesh 22009 24619 19675 21040 21340
2 Arunachal Pradesh 243 275 143 266 177
3 Assam 6081 7081 5065 5420 5679
4 Bihar 6679 7206 7019 7946 7068
5 Chhattisgarh 12716 13089 10549 10682 11459
6 Goa 1502 1460 875 856 1071
7 Gujarat 17619 15976 11984 13722 15139
8 Haryana 9819 9247 7627 7972 8353
9 Himachal Pradesh 4992 4740 3208 3445 3891
10 Jharkhand 3975 3818 3295 3227 3747
11 Karnataka 51562 50442 39492 40754 48154
12 Kerala 45458 44467 30502 36514 49317
13 Madhya Pradesh 51149 53765 41782 47117 51264
14 Maharashtra 25102 23289 17165 19676 23878
15 Manipur 1046 1055 662 504 817
16 Meghalaya 232 287 212 263 310
17 Mizoram 73 25 45 28 28
18 Nagaland 90 59 30 35 42
19 Odisha 11389 11177 8822 9782 10269
20 Punjab 3339 3726 2881 3034 3372
21 Rajasthan 21547 22979 16783 19357 22249
22 Sikkim 357 329 196 178 371
23 Tamil Nadu 74537 67137 50551 55996 67703
24 Telangana 23613 21999 18661 20107 20209
25 Tripura 741 816 470 546 541
26 Uttar Pradesh 22322 22251 15982 19813 21696
27 Uttarakhand 1583 1457 862 1127 1613
28 West Bengal 10839 11744 9556 9796 8124
29 A & N Islands 260 207 145 97 136
30 Chandigarh 267 275 148 172 203
31 D&N Haveli and Daman&Diu + 152 179 119 171 257
32 Delhi UT 5640 4949 3454 3989 4713
33 Jammu & Kashmir * 7855 7517 5924 6856 8350
34 Ladakh - - 146 291 333
35 Lakshadweep 3 1 1 6 3
36 Puducherry 1727 1619 1019 1099 1282
TOTAL (ALL INDIA) 446518 439262 335050 371884 423158
Note - As per data provided by States/UTs
Source: Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India
‘+’ Combined data of erstwhile D & N HAVELI AND DAMAN & DIU UT during 2018 and
2019
‘*’ Data of erstwhile JAMMU & KASHMIR State Including LADAKH during 2018 and
2019Annexure - IV
ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) and (b) OF LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2030 ANSWERED ON 31ST JULY, 2025 ASKED BY
DR. BACHHAV SHOBHA DINESH REGARDING ROAD ACCIDENTS AND USE OF
CERTIFIED HELMETS
Mode of Transport wise total number of persons injured in Road
Accidents in the country during calendar year 2018 to 2022 as per
NCRB:
Sl. Year 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
No Mode of Transport Injured Injured Injured Injured Injured
1.1 Truck/Lorry 47282 42580 27660 25515 26152
1.2 Bus 38892 35048 15889 14492 22055
1.3 SUV/Car/Jeep/ Station Wagon/ etc. 106873 100961 65133 67159 73601
1.4 Tractor 8519 8553 5240 5652 6278
1.5 Three Wheeler/ 32306 31069 20219 22295 25019
Auto Rickshaw
1.6 Two Wheeler 165887 170437 155920 174772 199280
1.7 Other Motor 9458 8321 6000 10769 8418
Vehicles
1 Total (Motorized Transport) 409217 396969 296061 320654 360803
2.1 Bicycle 3620 4828 4908 5641 6426
2.2 Hand Drawn Vehicle/Cycle rickshaw 199 733 465 598 639
2.3 Animal Drawn Vehicle 436 251 467 381 383
2.4 Others 5439 5381 4779 8763 6219
2.5 Pedestrian 27607 31100 28370 35847 48688
2 Total (Non-Motorized 37301 42293 38989 51230 62355
Transport)
3 Grand Total 446518 439262 335050 371884 423158Annexure - V
ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) and (b) OF LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2030 ANSWERED ON 31ST JULY, 2025 ASKED BY
DR. BACHHAV SHOBHA DINESH REGARDING ROAD ACCIDENTS AND USE OF
CERTIFIED HELMETS
Mode of Transport wise total number of fatalities in Road Accidents in
the country during calendar year 2018 to 2022 as per NCRB:
Sl. Year 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
No Mode of Transport Fatalities Fatalities Fatalities Fatalities Fatalities
1.1 Truck/Lorry 24260 22637 16993 14622 15087
1.2 Bus 10514 9192 4098 4622 5211
1.3 SUV/Car/Jeep/ Station Wagon/ etc. 32522 31258 24837 23531 24086
1.4 Tractor 4661 4451 3346 3899 3956
1.5 Three Wheeler/ 7276 7282 5416 7685 7701
Auto Rickshaw
1.6 Two Wheeler 54610 58747 58129 69240 77876
1.7 Other Motor 4025 4098 3150 5001 4821
Vehicles
1 Total (Motorized Transport) 137868 137665 115969 128600 138738
2.1 Bicycle 1614 2000 2050 3006 3435
2.2 Hand Drawn Vehicle/Cycle 94 212 132 255 374
rickshaw
2.3 Animal Drawn Vehicle 150 194 300 260 264
2.4 Others 2572 2700 2849 4565 3547
2.5 Pedestrian 10482 11961 11901 18936 24742
2 Total (Non-Motorized 14912 17067 17232 27022 32362
Transport)
3 Grand Total 152780 154732 133201 155622 171100
*****