Parliament Question: Status of power demand and supply in the country

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF POWER RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1915 ANSWERED ON 09.03.2026 STATUS OF POWER DEMAND AND SUPPLY IN THE COUNTRY 1915. SHRI JOSE K. MANI: Will the Minister of POWER be pleased to state: (a) the current status of power demand and supply position in the country; (b) whether several power distribution companies (DISCOMs) continue to face financial stress; (c) if so, the details thereof; and (d) the measures taken to reduce AT&C losses and improve the financial viability of the power sector? A N S W E R THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF POWER (SHRI SHRIPAD NAIK) (a): There is adequate availability of power in the country. Present installed generation capacity of the country is 520.511 GW. Government of India has addressed the critical issue of power deficiency by adding 296.388 GW of fresh generation capacity since April, 2014 transforming the country from power deficit to power sufficient. The details of all India Power Supply Position in the country in terms of Energy and Peak demand during last three financial years and current financial year 2025-26 (up to January, 2026) is given at Annexure-I. The gap between Energy Supplied and Energy Requirement has declined from 0.5% during FY 2022-23 to almost ‘Nil’ during the current financial year. (b) & (c) : As per the PFC’s 14th Annual Integrated Rating and Ranking report on Power Distribution Utilities, the total borrowings, accumulated losses and ACS-ARR gap based on tariff subsidy received of power distribution companies are Rs. 7,26,378 crore, Rs. 6,47,210 crore and 0.06 Rs/ kWh respectively. The DISCOM-wise AT&C loss, accumulated surplus/loss and total borrowings as on 31.03.2025 are placed at Annexure-II. (d): Government of India has been supporting the States to improve the financial viability of their distribution utilities through various initiatives. Some of the key initiatives taken are as under: (i) Additional Borrowing space of 0.5% of GSDP to State Governments, which is conditional on them undertaking specific reforms in the power sector. (ii) Additional Prudential Norms for sanctioning of loans to State owned Power Utilities which would be contingent to the performance of Power Distribution Utilities against prescribed conditions. (iii) Rules for implementation of Fuel and Power Purchase Cost Adjustment (FPPCA) and Cost reflective tariff so as to ensure that all prudent cost for supply of electricity are passed through. ……..2- 2 - (iv) Rules and Standard Operating Procedure issued for proper Subsidy Accounting and their timely payment. (v) Advisory to SERCs (State Electricity Regulatory Commission) & JERCs (Joint Electricity Regulatory Commission) for timely issuance of tariff and true up orders. (vi) To improve payment discipline in the power sector value chain, Electricity (Late Payment Surcharge and Related Matters) Rules, 2022 were promulgated, 2022 which entail obligations upon the DISCOMs to clear their legacy dues as existing on 03.06.2022 in a phased manner and time bound clearance of current dues. (vii) Revamped Distribution Sector Scheme (RDSS) has been launched in the year 2021 with the objective of improving the quality and reliability of supply of power through a financially sustainable and operationally efficient distribution sector. A key objective of the RDSS is to reduce the Aggregate Technical and Commercial (AT&C) losses to pan-India levels of 12-15 % and the gap between Average Cost of Supply (ACS) and Average Revenue Realized (ARR) to Zero. To achieve this objective, works amounting to Rs 1.53 Lakh Crores for strengthening of Distribution Infrastructure and Rs 1.3 lakh Crores for smart metering have been sanctioned under the scheme based on the proposals submitted by States. The following works to strengthen the distribution network have been sanctioned under the scheme: • Works for creation of new substations/upgradation of substations • Installation of new Distribution Transformers (DTs) and augmentation of existing DTs • Replacement of old conductors • Undergrounding of HT/LT lines • Segregation of agricultural feeders Further, smart metering works help improve the collection efficiency of Distribution utilities while providing benefits like automatic energy accounting, improved load forecasting and facilitating an enabling ecosystem for energy transition. Pre-paid smart metering works covering 19.79 crore consumers and smart system metering works for 2.11 lakh feeders and 52.53 lakh DTs have been sanctioned under the scheme. Till date, 4.55 Cr crore smart meters have been installed under RDSS, and overall, 5.97 crore smart meters have been installed across the country under various schemes. The release of funds under the scheme is contingent on improvement in operational and financial performance of the utilities which, in addition to the above initiatives taken by GoI, has helped in bringing discipline in payment of Government subsidies and Govt. department dues to the utilities, regular issuance of tariff orders, timely publishing of accounts, non-creation of regulatory assets, etc. With concerted efforts of Central and State Governments, the Aggregate Technical and Commercial (AT&C) losses at national level have reduced from 21.91% in FY21 to 15.04% in FY25 while the national Average Cost of Supply - Average Revenue Realized (ACS-ARR) gap has reduced from Rs. 0.69/kWh to Rs. 0.06/kWh. These collective efforts have also resulted in DISCOMs achieving a profit after tax (PAT) of Rs 2,701 crore for the first time. *************ANNEXURE-I ANNEXURE REFERRED IN REPLY TO PART (a) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1915 ANSWERED IN THE RAJYA SABHA ON 09.03.2026 ************* Details of all India Power Supply Position in the country during last three financial years and current financial year 2025-26 (up to January, 2026): Energy [in Million Unit (MU)] Peak [in Mega Watt (MW)] Financial Year Energy Energy Energy not Peak Peak Demand Not (FY) Requirement Supplied Supplied Demand Met Met (MU) (MU) (MU) ( % ) (MW) (MW) (MW) (%) 2022-23 15,13,497 15,05,914 7,583 0.5 2,15,888 2,07,231 8,657 4.0 2023-24 16,26,132 16,22,020 4,112 0.3 2,43,271 2,39,931 3,340 1.4 2024-25 16,93,959 16,92,369 1,590 0.1 2,49,856 2,49,854 2 0.0 2025-26 (up to 14,27,436 14,27,009 427 0.0 2,45,444 2,45,416 28 0.0 January, 2026) ************ANNEXURE-II ANNEXURE REFERRED IN REPLY TO PARTS (b) & (c) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1915 ANSWERED IN THE RAJYA SABHA ON 09.03.2026 ************* Details of DISCOM-wise accumulated surplus/loss and total borrowings as on 31.03.2025: ACS-ARR Accumulated Total AT&C State/ DISCOM Gap Surplus/ (Loss) Borrowings Loss (%) (Rs./kWh) (RsCr) (Rs Cr) State Sector 15.40 0.11 (6,77,561) 7,11,402 Andaman & Nicobar Islands 24.14 2.22 - - Andaman & Nicobar PD 24.14 2.22 - - Andhra Pradesh 7.87 (0.15) (29,420) 77,583 APCPDCL 7.95 (0.62) (9,688) 21,204 APEPDCL 7.70 (0.02) (7,155) 20,693 APSPDCL 7.99 (0.01) (12,577) 35,687 Arunachal Pradesh 46.20 0.00 - - Arunachal PD 46.20 0.00 - - Assam 15.44 (0.26) (1,028) 1,131 APDCL 15.44 (0.26) (1,028) 1,131 Bihar 15.51 (0.41) (16,526) 14,002 NBPDCL 14.49 (0.57) (4,917) 6,509 SBPDCL 16.35 (0.28) (11,608) 7,494 Chhattisgarh 14.25 (0.19) (10,423) 5,428 CSPDCL 14.25 (0.19) (10,423) 5,428 Delhi 8.36 (0.86) - - NDMC 8.36 (0.86) - - Goa 10.39 0.20 - - Goa PD 10.39 0.20 - - Gujarat 8.25 (0.40) 7,355 258 DGVCL 4.26 (0.46) 2,507 26 MGVCL 8.37 (0.24) 877 9 PGVCL 12.73 (0.44) 2,276 208 UGVCL 6.16 (0.33) 1,695 15 Haryana 11.76 0.10 (27,915) 20,311 DHBVNL 12.20 0.03 (13,052) 12,099 UHBVNL 11.12 0.20 (14,862) 8,213 Himachal Pradesh 19.44 0.23 (3,391) 7,024 HPSEBL 19.44 0.23 (3,391) 7,024 Jharkhand 28.19 0.95 (20,512) 22,381 JBVNL 28.19 0.95 (20,512) 22,381Karnataka 11.92 0.69 (34,980) 47,993 BESCOM 12.50 1.21 (13,819) 22,611 CHESCOM 8.76 0.36 (4,064) 5,410 GESCOM 13.48 0.10 (5,661) 6,147 HESCOM 12.14 0.23 (11,398) 12,251 MESCOM 10.02 (0.00) (37) 1,575 Kerala 6.61 (0.17) (38,648) 17,638 KSEBL 6.61 (0.17) (38,648) 17,638 TCED 6.94 (0.13) - - Ladakh 26.82 (0.89) - - Ladakh PD 26.82 (0.89) - - Madhya Pradesh 22.76 (0.04) (71,394) 49,239 MPMaKVVCL 29.60 0.22 (30,900) 18,176 MPPaKVVCL 12.78 (0.36) (12,503) 14,184 MPPoKVVCL 26.66 0.02 (27,992) 16,878 Maharashtra 17.69 0.56 (35,671) 90,659 BEST 5.07 0.60 - - MSEDCL 18.09 (0.70) (35,671) 90,659 Manipur 12.90 (0.20) (290) 745 MSPDCL 12.90 (0.20) (290) 745 Meghalaya 17.52 0.13 (4,962) 1,474 MePDCL 17.52 0.13 (4,962) 1,474 Mizoram 32.31 (0.34) - - Mizoram PD 32.31 (0.34) - - Nagaland 48.86 (0.50) - - Nagaland PD 48.86 (0.50) - - Puducherry 14.72 (0.64) - - Puducherry PD 14.72 (0.64) - - Punjab 19.21 (0.30) (3,404) 17,411 PSPCL 19.21 (0.30) (3,404) 17,411 Rajasthan 15.18 (0.04) (90,303) 98,488 AVVNL 9.22 (0.45) (25,563) 26,126 JdVVNL 21.42 0.02 (34,689) 36,793 JVVNL 13.75 0.18 (30,052) 35,569 Sikkim 21.84 0.33 - - Sikkim PD 21.84 0.33 - - Tamil Nadu 10.96 (0.19) (1,19,153) 1,01,782 TNPDCL 10.96 (0.19) (1,19,153) 1,01,782 Telangana 19.84 0.27 (69,741) 59,230 TSNPDCL 23.22 0.53 (21,399) 21,885 TSSPDCL 18.51 0.17 (48,342) 37,345 Tripura 29.61 1.40 (991) 842 TSECL 29.61 1.40 (991) 842Uttar Pradesh 19.54 0.73 (1,00,858) 61,395 DVVNL 19.70 1.03 (33,974) 16,412 KESCO 14.29 1.09 (5,232) 2,243 MVVNL 17.70 1.11 (25,236) 14,338 PaVVNL 11.91 (0.29) (8,782) 6,562 PuVVNL 30.70 1.30 (27,634) 21,840 Uttarakhand 15.08 0.06 (5,482) 1,729 UPCL 15.08 0.06 (5,482) 1,729 West Bengal 17.17 (0.03) 174 14,658 WBSEDCL 17.17 (0.03) 174 14,658 Private Sector 10.05 (0.64) 30,351 14,975 Delhi 6.48 (1.13) 22,184 2,914 BRPL 6.70 (0.89) 12,892 894 BYPL 7.15 (0.95) 5,650 701 TPDDL 5.70 (1.58) 3,642 1,319 Gujarat 3.63 (0.42) 3,892 3,562 Torrent Power Ahmedabad 3.80 (0.30) 3,206 3,354 Torrent Power Surat 3.24 (0.67) 686 208 Maharashtra 4.99 (2.04) 1,245 3,818 AEML 4.99 (2.04) 1,245 3,818 Odisha 17.81 0.18 1,263 4,531 TPNODL 12.51 (0.06) 480 1,006 TPSODL 23.36 0.82 219 1,498 TPWODL 17.64 0.36 301 1,093 TPCODL 19.11 (0.09) 262 933 Uttar Pradesh 8.48 (0.15) 1,561 0 NPCL 8.48 (0.15) 1,561 0 West Bengal 4.68 0.19 205 151 IPCL 4.68 0.19 205 151 Grand Total 15.04 0.06 (6,47,210) 7,26,378 **************