**Executive Summary**
The Union Environment Minister chaired the 28th Meeting of the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) and the 22nd Steering Committee Meeting of Project Elephant on December 21, 2025, in Sundarbans Tiger Reserve. The meetings reviewed tiger conservation plans, the expansion of Project Cheetah, human-wildlife conflict mitigation, elephant estimation, and reaffirmed a commitment to science-based and community-centric conservation. Ground surveys for the sixth cycle of the All India Tiger Estimation will commence in November 2025.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Tiger Conservation (NTCA Meeting):**
* Approved Tiger Conservation Plans and appraised the expansion of Project Cheetah.
* Reviewed Human-Wildlife Conflict Mitigation and the Sixth Cycle of All India Tiger Estimation.
* Confirmed minutes of the 27th Meeting held on April 18, 2025, and reviewed the Action Taken Report.
* Addressed key challenges faced by tiger reserves and measures to address human-tiger conflict, including the 'Management of Tigers Outside Tiger Reserves' project.
* Discussed issues related to staff shortages, financial constraints, habitat degradation, and invasive species management.
* Reviewed compliance with the 7th National Board for Wildlife directions and preparatory activities for the Global Big Cat Summit.
* Noted the Hon'ble Supreme Court's order and deliberated on its implications for tiger conservation and management.
* **Elephant Conservation (Project Elephant Steering Committee):**
* Reviewed Elephant Estimation, Conflict Management, and reaffirmed commitment to science-based, community-centric conservation approaches.
* Confirmed the Action Taken Report of the 21st Steering Committee Meeting.
* Reviewed updates on the All-India Synchronized Elephant Estimation.
* Discussed progress on the Model Elephant Conservation Plan for the Nilgiri Elephant Reserve and DNA profiling of captive elephants.
* Reviewed the status of human-elephant conflict and adequacy of compensation mechanisms.
* Deliberated on elephant population estimation methods, integrated conservation strategies, and future action plans.
* **Publications Released:**
* *Project Cheetah in India*, *STRIPES* (NTCA outreach journal), NTCA booklet documenting India's tiger conservation, *Tigerverse*, *Best Practices in Captive Elephant Management for Elephant Handlers*, and the December 2025 issue of the *TRUMPET* Quarterly Journal.
**Impact Analysis**
**Stakeholder: Tiger and Elephant Range States**
* **Impact:** Affected by new conservation strategies, required to address issues like human-wildlife conflict, staff shortages, financial constraints, habitat degradation, and invasive species management.
* **Action Required:** Follow up on directions issued by the NTCA and Project Elephant Steering Committee, implement Regional Action Plans, and coordinate inter-state actions.
**Stakeholder: Senior Government Officials, Scientists, and Field Experts**
* **Impact:** Involved in the review and deliberation of conservation strategies for tigers and elephants.
* **Action Required:** Implement the discussed strategies and contribute to evidence-based planning and decision-making.
**Stakeholder: Local Communities Living Near Tiger and Elephant Reserves**
* **Impact:** Affected by strategies related to community participation in conservation and human-wildlife conflict mitigation.
* **Action Required:** Engage in community-centric conservation approaches to ensure a sustainable future for elephants and the people living in elephant landscapes.
**Stakeholder: Project Cheetah Team**
* **Impact:** Responsible for the continued extension and expansion of Project Cheetah.
* **Action Required:** Continue to execute the project including tiger translocation, prey augmentation, and landscape management planning.
Key Entities Referenced
National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA): Indian governmental body overseeing tiger conservation efforts.
Project Elephant: Indian initiative focused on the conservation of elephants.
Project Cheetah: Indian project focused on the reintroduction and conservation of cheetahs.
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change: The Indian governmental ministry responsible for environmental protection and conservation.
Sundarbans Tiger Reserve: Location of meetings, a significant habitat for tigers and elephants in West Bengal.
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Union Environment Minister chairs NTCA and
Project Elephant Meetings at Sundarbans;
Reviews National Strategies for Tiger and
Elephant Conservation
Tiger Conservation Plans approved and Expansion of Project
Cheetah appraised; Review of Human–Wildlife Conflict
Mitigation and Sixth Cycle of All India Tiger Estimation
Project Elephant Steering Committee Reviews Elephant
Estimation, Conflict Management and Reaffirms Commitment
to Science-based, Community-centric Conservation
Approaches
प्रव तथ: 21 DEC 2025 1:50PM by PIB Delhi
The 28th Meeting of the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) and the 22nd Steering
Committee Meeting of Project Elephant were held on 21 December 2025 at the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve,
West Bengal, under the chairmanship of the Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change,
Shri Bhupender Yadav. The meetings brought together senior government officials, scientists, and field
experts from tiger and elephant range states, along with representatives of key conservation institutions, to
review the progress of Project Tiger and Project Elephant and to deliberate on future strategies for the
conservation of tigers and elephants in India.Chairing the NTCA meeting, Shri Yadav emphasized India’s globally recognised tiger conservation
model and underscored the importance of science-based management, landscape-level planning,
community participation, inter-state coordination, and international collaboration.
The minutes of the 27th Meeting held on 18 April 2025 were confirmed and the Action Taken Report on
decisions taken therein was reviewed. The outcomes of four Regional Meetings were discussed, with a
focus on key challenges faced by tiger reserves. Measures to address human–tiger conflict, including a
three-pronged strategy and the launch of the project ‘Management of Tigers Outside Tiger Reserves’, were
highlighted. Issues related to staff shortages, financial constraints, habitat degradation, and invasive
species management were also reviewed, with directions issued for appropriate follow-up by States and
concerned authorities.
The meeting ratified the decisions of the Technical Committee Meetings of the NTCA, covering approval
of Tiger Conservation Plans; extension and expansion of Project Cheetah; tiger translocation; prey
augmentation; landscape management planning; carnivore health management training programmes; and
inputs provided by the NTCA on project proposals to the Standing Committee of the National Board for
Wildlife (NBWL).
Updates were presented on compliance with the directions of the 7th National Board for Wildlife
pertaining to the NTCA, including the expansion of Project Cheetah to Gandhisagar Wildlife Sanctuary
and the Banni Grassland in Gujarat, as well as progress on initiatives supported under CAMPA.
Preparatory activities for the proposed Global Big Cat Summit were also reviewed.
The Minister reviewed major ongoing activities of the NTCA, including progress under the sixth cycle of
the All India Tiger Estimation, landscape-level training programmes across different regions,
commencement of ground surveys from November 2025, and international cooperation under Project
Cheetah, including visits by delegations from South Africa, Namibia, and Botswana. The meeting also
took note of the Order of the Hon’ble Supreme Court and deliberated on its implications for tiger
conservation and management.The Steering Committee Meeting of Project Elephant commenced with the confirmation of the Action
Taken Report of the 21st Steering Committee Meeting, followed by deliberations on issues raised by
Steering Committee Members and Permanent Invitees.
Presentations were made on the status of Regional Action Plans for elephant conservation in Southern
India and North-Eastern India, highlighting progress achieved by elephant range states and identifying
priority areas for coordinated inter-state action.
The Steering Committee reviewed updates on the All-India Synchronized Elephant Estimation, a
critical exercise for evidence-based planning and decision-making. Progress under the Model Elephant
Conservation Plan for the Nilgiri Elephant Reserve and ongoing work on DNA profiling of captive
elephants were also discussed, with emphasis on strengthening scientific management and welfare
standards.
A comprehensive review of the status of human–elephant conflict across the country was undertaken.
The Committee discussed findings from ongoing studies on conflict drivers and mitigation measures,
along with the status and adequacy of compensation mechanisms adopted by elephant range states.
The meeting also deliberated on the evaluation of elephant population estimation methods, progress on
integrated conservation and management strategies for the Ripu–Chirang Elephant Reserve, and future
action plans. These include the conduct of Management Effectiveness Evaluation for all Elephant
Reserves with CAMPA funding support and a proposed study on elephant corridors, habitat utilisation,
and conflict hotspots in the Bandhavgarh region.
The Steering Committee reaffirmed the Government of India’s commitment to science-based
conservation, inter-state coordination, technological innovation, and community-centric approaches to
ensure a sustainable future for elephants and the people living in elephant landscapes.
On the occasion, Shri Yadav released six publications. These included Project Cheetah in India,
highlighting the progress achieved under Project Cheetah through scientific management and international
cooperation; the latest issue of STRIPES, NTCA’s outreach journal, focusing on modern technology, tiger
dispersal, and the commencement of the sixth cycle of the All India Tiger Estimation (AITE); an NTCA
booklet documenting India’s tiger conservation framework and institutional milestones; Tigerverse –Little-known facts from India’s Tiger Reserves, showcasing biodiversity, culture, and conservation stories
from tiger reserves across the country; Best Practices in Captive Elephant Management for Elephant
Handlers and the December 2025 issue of the TRUMPET Quarterly Journal.*****
VM
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