Home India Ministry of Road Transport and Highways Whereas by notification of the Government of India in the Mi...
Date: 2021-03-18 Category: Extra Ordinary State: Union Government Country: India

Whereas by notification of the Government of India in the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways

Issued by Ministry of Road Transport and Highways · Not Applicable

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Executive Summary & Key Takeaways

## Policy Analysis Report: Toll Fee Notification on NH-95 in Punjab **1. Executive Summary:** This report analyzes a notification (S.O. 1251(E)) issued by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India, regarding the levy of toll fees on the Kharar-Samrala Chowk-MC Limit section of National Highway (NH) 95 in the state of Punjab. The notification establishes toll rates for various vehicle types using the four-lane partial access-controlled Laddowal Bypass and certain structures on the specified highway section. The analysis focuses on the fee structure, affected parties, and implementation aspects as detailed within the provided notification text. This policy introduces user fees to recover the capital cost of the project, which includes construction of the bypass and other highway structures. **2. Introduction:** This report aims to provide a detailed overview and analysis of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways notification S.O. 1251(E) dated 17th March 2021, pertaining to the levy of toll fees on a section of NH-95 in Punjab. The analysis is based solely on the information provided within the notification text itself. **3. Policy Overview:** * Core Objective(s): The core objective of this notification is to levy and authorize the collection of toll fees on vehicles using the specified section of NH-95 in Punjab. The revenue generated is intended to recover the capital cost of the project. A secondary objective, inferable from the differential rates, is to charge users based on vehicle type and usage (e.g., bypass vs. structures). **4. Background and Rationale:** * **New Policy:** The notification addresses the need to recover the investment made in upgrading the NH-95 section by levying user fees. The construction of the four-lane Laddowal Bypass and associated structures likely aimed to improve traffic flow and reduce congestion in the area. The toll fees are a mechanism to recoup the capital investment and potentially fund future maintenance and upgrades. **5. Key Provisions / Changes:** * **New Policy:** The notification establishes the following key provisions: * **Toll Rates:** It defines toll rates for various vehicle categories (Car/Jeep/Van, LCV, Bus/Truck, etc.) based on a base rate for the year 2007-08. * **Bypass Toll:** It levies a fee for using the four-lane Laddowal Bypass (km 0.000 to km 17.041) at 150% of the base rates for four and more lane. * **Structure Toll:** It also imposes a fee for structures (grade separator and major bridge) having length more than 60m, converting the structure length into an equivalent road length. The applicable rates are 100% and 60% of the base rates, respectively, for four and more lanes, and two and more lanes. * **Toll Plaza Location:** It specifies the location of the toll plaza near Laddowal village. * **Monthly Pass:** It defines a monthly pass rate for non-commercial vehicles registered to residents within 20 km of the toll plaza (Rs. 275 for 2020-21). * **Multiple Journey Passes:** It provides for passes for multiple journeys at discounted rates. * **Concession for Local Commercial Vehicles:** It provides a 50% concession to commercial vehicles (excluding national permit vehicles) registered in the district and where no service road is available. * **Overload Fee:** It imposes a fee on overloaded vehicles entering the highway. * **Capital Cost Recovery:** Specifies that after recovery of capital cost, the fees will be reduced to 40% of rates. * **Annual Revision:** Toll rates will be revised annually. **6. Target Audience and Stakeholders:** The primary target audience and stakeholders are: * **Vehicle Owners/Operators:** All vehicle owners/operators using the specified section of NH-95, especially the Laddowal Bypass. * **Local Residents:** Residents living within 20 km of the toll plaza due to the provision for monthly passes. * **Commercial Vehicle Operators:** Particularly those registered in the district where the toll plaza is located. * **National Highways Authority of India (NHAI):** As the agency authorized to collect the toll fees. * **Toll Collection Contractor:** If NHAI outsources toll collection. * **Freight and Transportation Industry:** Who will be affected by toll costs. **7. Implementation Aspects (Inferred):** * **Responsible Agency/Bodies:** The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is responsible for implementing the toll collection. * **Procedures:** NHAI is authorized to collect the fees either through its officials or through a contractor. The notification mandates the display of fee rates for user information and the annual revision of rates according to the established rules. * **Timelines:** The notification is effective from the date of its publication (March 18, 2021). The monthly pass rate is specified for the year 2020-21, implying an annual revision cycle. **8. Expected Outcomes / Impact of Changes:** * The primary expected outcome is the recovery of the capital cost of the NH-95 upgrade project, including the Laddowal Bypass. The toll fees are also expected to contribute to the maintenance and upkeep of the highway section. The differential toll rates could incentivize the use of the bypass, potentially reducing congestion on alternative routes. Local commercial vehicle operators may experience a reduced cost burden due to the 50% concession, and the overloaded fee is expected to disincentivize excess load on the highway **9. Conclusion:** The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways notification S.O. 1251(E) establishes a framework for toll collection on a specific section of NH-95 in Punjab. This policy aims to recover project costs. The notification details toll rates, implementation procedures, and concessions for certain user groups. It is essential for stakeholders, particularly vehicle owners and operators, to understand these provisions and their implications for highway usage.

Key Entities Referenced

National Highways Authority of India: An organization referred to as 'the Authority' responsible for managing the highway stretch. National Highways Act, 1956: Act under which powers are conferred to levy fees on mechanical vehicles. National Highways Fee Determination of Rates and Collection Rules, 2008: Rules used to determine fee rates for the highway. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways: The Government of India ministry issuing the notification. New Delhi: Location where the notification was issued, National Capital Territory of Delhi NH95: National Highway 95, the highway for which the toll is being levied. Punjab: The state in which the highway stretch is located. Kharar: City in Punjab, part of the Kharar-Samrala Chowk section Samrala Chowk: Locality in Punjab, part of the Kharar-Samrala Chowk section Ludhiana: District in Punjab where Laddowal is located. Laddowal: Village in Ludhiana district, Punjab, where a fee plaza is located. Laddowal Bypass: Four lane Partial Access Controlled Laddowal Bypass from km 0.000 to km 17.041 of NH95 linking NH95 with NH1 via Laddowal seed farm NH1: National Highway 1, connects to Laddowal bypass. National Highways Authority of India Act, 1988: Act that defines the powers and functions of the National Highways Authority of India. Government of India Press, Ring Road, Mayapuri, New Delhi: Location of printing press
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रजिस्ट्री स.ं डी.एल.- 33004/99 REGD. No. D. L.-33004/99 सी.जी.-डी.एल.-अ.-18032021-225988 xxxGIDHxxx CG-DL-E-18032021-225988 xxxGIDExxx असाधारण EXTRAORDINARY भाग II—खण् ड 3—उप-खण्ड (ii) PART II—Section 3—Sub-section (ii) प्राजधकार स ेप्रकाजित PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY स.ं 1159] नई दिल्ली, बृहस्ट्प जतवार, माच ग18, 2021/फाल्ग नु 27, 1942 No. 1159] NEW DELHI, THURSDAY, MARCH 18, 2021/PHALGUNA 27, 1942 सड़क पररवहन और रािमाग गमत्रं ालय अजधसचू ना नई दिल्ली, 17 माच,ग 2021 का.आ. 1251(अ).—यतः, केन्द्रीय सरकार न,े भारतीय राष्ट्रीय रािमागग प्राजधकरण अजधजनयम, 1988 (1988 का 68) की धारा 11 के अधीन िारी की गई भारत सरकार के सड़क पररवहन और रािमागग मंत्रालय की अजधसूचना संख्या का.आ. 4529 (अ), तारीख 18 दिसंबर, 2019 द्वारा पंिाब राज्य में राष्ट्रीय रािमागग संख्या- 95 (0.000 दक.मी. से 92.000 दक.मी. तक) का खरार-समराला चौक–एमसी जलजमट खण्ड भारतीय राष्ट्रीय रािमागग प्राजधकरण (जिसे इसम ें इसके पश्चात् ‘प्राजधकरण‘ कहा गया ह)ै को सौंपा ह;ै अतः अब, केन्द्रीय सरकार, राष्ट्रीय रािमागग िुल्क (िरों का अवधारण एवं संग्रहण) जनयम, 2008 (जिस े इसम ें इसके पश्चात् “जनयम” कहा गया ह)ै , के जनयम 3 के साथ परित राष्ट्रीय रािमागग अजधजनयम, 1956 (1956 का 48) की धारा 7 द्वारा प्रित्त िजियों का प्रयोग करत े हुए, पंिाब राज्य में रारा 95 को रारा -1 के साथ लुजधयाना में लाड्डोवाल बीि फामग के रास्ट्ते िोड़ते हुए राष्ट्रीय रािमागग संख्या 95 के 0.000 दक.मी. से 17.041 दक.मी. तक चार लेन लड्डोवाल बाइपास (आंजिक पहुचं जनयंजत्रत) के उपयोग के जलए 1.100 दक.मी (जिनकी लंबाई 0.110 दकमी ह)ै की समकक्ष सरं चना (जिनकी लम् बाई 0 मीटर से अजधक ह)ै हते ु यांजत्रक वाहनों पर नीचे सारणी 1 के स्ट्तम्भ (2) में जवजनर्िष्टग िर के 0% की आधार िरों पर और 0.900 दक.मी की समकक्ष संरचना (जिनकी लंबाई 0.090 दकमी ह)ै के उपयोग के जलए 100% की आधार िरों पर और बाइपासों जिनकी लम्बाई 1 .841 दक.मी. और लागत िस करोड़ रु. या अजधक ह ै पर आधार िर के डढ़े गुना से नीचे सारणी (1) के 1686 GI/2021 (1)2 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA : EXTRAORDINARY [PART II—SEC. 3(ii)] स्ट्त म् भ (1) में जवजनर्िष्ग ट प्रकार के वाहनों पर िुल्क उ्ग्रहहीत करती ह ै एवं प्राजधकरण को अपने अजधकाररयों के माध्यम से अथवा संजविाकार के माध्यम से उि िुल्क को संग्रहीत करन े के जलए प्राजधकृत करती है, अथागत्ः- सारणी 1 वाहन का प्रकार आधार वर् ग2007-08 के जलए प्रजत दक.मी. िल्ु क की आधार िर (रुपए म)ें (1) (2) कार, िीप, वैन या हल् के मोटर वाहन 0. 5 हल् के वाजणजज्यक वाहन, हल् के माल वाहक वाहन अथवा जमनी बस 1.05 बस या रक (िो धुरी वाले) 2.20 तीन धरु ी वाल ेवाजणजज्यक वाहन 2.40 भारी संजनमागण मिीनरी (एच.सी.एम.) या अथग मूववंग उपस्ट्कर (ई.एम.ई) या 3.45 बहुधुरीय वाहन (एम.ए.वी.) (चार से छह धरु ी वाल)े बड़े आकर वाल ेवाहन (सात या अजधक धुरी वाले) 4.20 1. जनम्नजलजखत बाइपास जिनकी लागत 10 करोड़ रुपए अथवा अजधक ह ै के उपयोग के जलए जनम्नजलजखत िुल्क प्लािा पर ऐस े िल्ु क प्लािा(प्लािाओँ) के जलए जवजनर्िष्टग बाइपास की जनवल लंबाई हते ु, जनम्नजलजखत िल्ु क भी िोध्य और संिेय होगा : सारणी-2 िल्ु क प्लािा का बाईपास का नाम बाईपास की लबं ाई िर जिस पर िल्ु क अवस्ट्थान तथा लागत जिसके सिं ेय ह ै िरूु होत ेहुए जमलत ेहुए जलए अजतररि िाु ल्क (चनै िे ) सिं ेय ह ै जिला लुजधयाना में चार या अजधक लेन चाहर गांव के जनकट के जलए ऊपर लाड्डोवाल जडिाइन दक.मी. जडिाइन 16.84 (0.000 दक.मी. स े सारणी-1 में बाईपास 0.000 दक.मी. 17.041 दक.मी.) उजल्लजखत आधार 17.041 जडिाईन चैनेि िरों का 150% 12+200 पर 2. उपयुगि के अजतररि, जनम्नजलजखत संरचनाओं, जिनकी लम्बाई 60 मीटर से अजधक ह,ै के उपयोग के जलए ऐसी संरचनाओं की लम्बाई को समकरण गणु क 10 से गुणा कर के रािमागग की समकक्ष लम्बाई म ें पररवर्तगत करत े हुए, जनम्नजलजखत िल्ु क प्लािाओं पर जनम्नजलजखत िुल्क भी िोध्य और संिेय होगाः[भाग II—खण् ड 3(ii)] भारत का रािपत्र : असाधारण 3 सारणी-3 िल्ु क प्लािा का अवस्ट्थान सडक की समकक्ष लम्बाई म ें सड़क की समकक्ष लम्बाई िर जिस पर िल्ु क पररवर्ततग दकए िान े के जलए सिं ेय ह ै (चनै िे ) (दकमी) सरं चनाओं की लम्बाई (दकमी म)ें चार या अजधक लने के जलए ऊपर 0.090 0.900 सारणी-1 म ें जिला लुजधयाना में चाहर उजल्लजखत आधार गांव के जनकट (0.000 िरों का 100% दक.मी. से 17.041 दक.मी.) जडिाईन चनै ेि िो या अजधक लेन के 12+200 पर जलए ऊपर सारणी-1 0.110 1.100 में उजल्लजखत आधार िरों का 0%. कुल 0.200* 2.000 * जववरण जनम्नानसु ार ह ै: चनै िे सरं चना का प्रकार लम्बाई (दकमी म)ें दकमी स े दकमी तक 1 16.587 16.677 ग्रेड सेपरेटर (4 लेन) 0.090 2 4.522 4.632 बड़ा पुल (2 लेन) 0.110 कुल 0.200 3. जिस व्यजि का अपना यांजत्रक वाहन, गैर-वाजणजज्यक प्रयोिनों के जलए पंिीकृत हुआ हो और वह िुल्क प्लािा स े बीस दकलोमीटर तक की िरू ी में ही रहता हो, उसके जलए वर्ग 2020-21 के जलए माजसक पास की िर 275/- रुपए (िो सौ पचहत्तर रुपए मात्र) होगी और उि जनयमों के उपबंधों के अनुसार उसमें प्रत्येक वर्ग संिोधन दकया िायेगा। 4. रािमागग खण्ड पर बहुयात्राओं हते ु पास जनम्नजलजखत िरों पर िारी दकया िाएगा, अथागत्ः सारणी-4 सिं ेय राजि अनज्ञु ात एकतरफा मान्द्यता अवजध यात्राओं की अजधकतम सख्ं या एकतरफा यात्रा के जलए िल्ु क का डेढ़ गुना िो संिाय के समय से चौबीस घंटे पचास एकल यात्राओं के जलए संिेय िुल्क की पचास संिाय की तारीख से एक मास राजि का िो-जतहाई4 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA : EXTRAORDINARY [PART II—SEC. 3(ii)] 5. जिस जिले में िल्ु क प्लािा पड़ता ह ै उस जिल े में पंिीकृत वाजणजज्यक वाहन (राष्ट्रीय परजमट के अधीन चल रह े वाहनों को छोड़कर) के जलए िल्ु क उस श्रणे ी के जलए वाहन के जलए जवर्नगदिष्ट िर का 50% होगा बित े के ऐस े वाजणजज्यक वाहनों के उपयोग के जलए कोई सर्वगस रोड अथवा वैकजल्पक सड़क उपलब्ध न हो। . िो यांजत्रक वाहन अपनी श्रेणी के जलए जनधागररत अनुज्ञेय भार की अपेक्षा अजधक भार से लिा हुआ होगा उसके चालक अथवा माजलक अथवा प्रभारी व्यजि को ऐसे अजधक भार से लिे हुए वाहन को राष्ट्रीय रािमागग में प्रवेि कराने के जलए िुल्क सग्रं हण एिेंसी को उि जनयमों के जनयम 10 के उप-जनयम 1ए के अनुसार जवर्नगदिष्ट िुल्क के बराबर का भुगतान करना होगा और उसे रािमागग खण्ड का उपयोग करने की तब तक अनुमजत नहीं होगी िब तक दक ऐस े यांजत्रक वाहन से अजधक भार को हटा न दिया िाए। 7. यांजत्रक वाहनों की श्रेणी, उनके जलए अनुज्ञेय भार, छूट-प्राप्त वाहनों की श्रेणी, सर्वगस रोड, वैकजल्पक सड़क आदि सजहत सभी पररभार्ाएं उि जनयमों में जवजनर्िष्टग पररभार्ाओं के अनुसार होंगी। 8. उि जनयमों के जनयम 12 के अनुसार, उपयोगकतागओं की िानकारी के जलए िुल्क की िरों को प्रिर्िगत दकया िाएगा। 9. ऊपर सारणी-1 म ें यथा-उजल्लजखत, आधार वर् ग 2007-08 के जलए प्रजत दकलोमीटर िल्ु क की आधार िर के आधार पर, यांजत्रक वाहनों से जलए िान े वाल े वास्ट्तजवक िल्ु क और कटौजतयों की गणना प्राजधकरण द्वारा खडं ों की परू ी कर ली गई लम्बाई के आधार पर की िायेगी और उसमें उि जनयमों के जनयम 5 के अनुसार वार्र्गक तौर पर संिोधन दकया िाएगा तथा उसे, तिनुसार, अंग्रेिी और स्ट्थानीय भार्ा के कम-स-े कम एक-एक समाचार पत्र में प्रकाजित दकया िाएगा। 10. इस पररयोिना के पूंिीगत लागत का अनुमाजनत मल्ू य 24.87 करोड़ रुपए ह।ै पूंिी लागत म ें पररवतगन हो सकता ह ै क्य ोंदक भूजम अिगन, िन-उपयोजगता सेवाओं का स्ट् थान बिलन,े पेड़ों की कटाई आदि िैसे दियाकलाप अभी परू े दकए िाने िर्े ह ैं । अंजतम पूंिीगत लागत को अलग से अजधसूजचत दकया िाएगा। प्राजधकरण द्वारा प्रयोगकताओंग स े वसलू दकए गए िल्ु क के िररए पूंिीगत लागत की वसूली का ररकाडग रखा िाएगा और पूंिीगत लागत की वसूली हो िान े के पश् चात, लगाए िाने वाले िल्ु क की िरों को घटाकर 40% कर दिया िाएगा और उि जनयमों के अनुसार इस में वार्र्गक तौर पर संिोधन दकया िाएगा। [फा. सं. भाराराप्रा/12022/1/2015/पीबी_डीपीआर_अनुमोिन] अजमत वरिान, संयुि सजचव MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS NOTIFICATION New Delhi, the 17th March, 2021 S.O. 1251(E).—Whereas by notification of the Government of India in the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways vide S.O. 4529(E) dated 18.12.2019, issued under section 11 of the National Highways Authority of India Act, 1988 (68 of 1988), the Central Government has entrusted the stretch of NH-95 (Km. 0.000 to Km. 92.000) of Kharar-Samrala Chowk-MC Limit section in the State of Punjab to National Highways Authority of India (hereinafter referred to as the “Authority”); Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred by section 7 of the National Highways Act, 1956 (48 of 1956), read with Rule 3 of the National Highways Fee (Determination of Rates and Collection) Rules, 2008 (hereinafter referred to as the “rules”) , the Central Government hereby levies the fee on the type of mechanical vehicles at the rate specified in column (2) of the Table 1 at 60% of the base rate for equivalent structure length (having length more than 60m) of 1.100 Km ( having length of 0.110 km) and at 100% of the base rate for equivalent structure length (having length more than 60m) of 0.900 Km ( having length of 0.090 km) and at one and one half times the base rate for bypasses having length of 16.841 Km costing rupees ten crore or more on the type of vehicles specified in column (1) of the Table 1 below for the use of the Four lane (Partial Access Controlled) Laddowal Bypass from km 0.000 to km 17.041 of NH-95 linking NH-95 with NH-1 via Laddowal seed farm at Ludhiana in the state of Punjab and authorizes the Authority of collect, either through its officials or through a contractor, the said fee, namely:-[भाग II—खण् ड 3(ii)] भारत का रािपत्र : असाधारण 5 Table-1 Type of Vehicle Base rate of fee per km for the base year 2007-08 (in Rupees) (1) (2) Car, Jeep, Van or Light Motor Vehicle 0.65 Light Commercial Vehicle, Light Goods Vehicle or Mini Bus 1.05 Bus or Truck (Two Axles) 2.20 Three-axle commercial Vehicles 2.40 Heavy Construction Machinery (HCM) or Earth Moving 3.45 Equipment (EME) or Multi Axle Vehicle (MAV) (four to six axles) Oversized Vehicles (Seven or more axles) 4.20 1. The following fee shall be due and payable for the use of the bypass costing Rs.10 Crore or more at the following Fee Plaza for net bypass length specified for such Fee Plaza(s). Table-2 Location of Toll Name of the Taking off Merging at Length of Bypass Rate at which fee is Plaza (Chainage) Bypass for which payable additional fee is payable At Design Chainage 150% for four and 12+200 near village Laddowal Design Km Design Km 16.84 more lane of the base Chahar. Dist. Bypass 0.000 17.041 rates mentioned in Ludhiana (Km. Table-1 above. 0.000 to Km. 17.041) 2. In addition to above, the following fee shall also be due and payable for the use of the following structures having length more than 60m at the following Toll Plaza(s), by converting the length of structures into an equivalent length of highway by multiplying the length of such structures by an equalization factor of 10: Table-3 Location of Toll Plaza Length of structures (in Equivalent Road Rate at which fee is (Chainage) km) to be converted into length (in km) payable equivalent road length* 100% for four and more At Design Chainage 0.090 0.900 lanes of the base rates 12+200 near village mentioned in Table-1 Chahar. Dist. Ludhiana above. (Km. 0.000 to Km. 60% for two and more lanes 17.041) 0.110 1.100 of the base rates mentioned in Table-1 above. Total 0.200* 2.000 * The Details are as under:-6 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA : EXTRAORDINARY [PART II—SEC. 3(ii)] S. No. Chainage Type of Structure Length (in Km) From km To km 1 16.587 16.677 Grade separator (4 lane) 0.090 2 4.522 4.632 Major Bridge (2 lane) 0.110 Total 0.200 3. The rate of monthly pass for a person who owns a mechanical vehicle registered for non- commercial purposes and resides within a distance of twenty kilometers from the fee plaza is Rs. 275.00 (Rs. Two Hundred and Seventy Five Only) for the year 2020-21 and is subject to revision every year as per the provisions of the said rules. 4. For multiple journeys on the highway section, passes shall be issued at the following rates namely:- Table -4 Amount Payable Maximum number of one way Period of Validity journeys allowed One and half times of the fee for Two Twenty four hours from the time of one way journey payment Two-third of amount of the fee One month from date of payment payable for fifty single journeys Fifty 5. Fee for commercial vehicle (excluding vehicle plying under National permit) registered in the district where the fee plaza falls shall be 50% of the prescribed rate for that category of vehicle provided no service road or alternative road is available for use of such commercial vehicles. 6. The driver or owner or a person in charge of a Mechanical vehicle which is loaded in excess of permissible load specified for its category, shall be liable to pay fee for entering the overloaded vehicle on the National Highway to the Fee collecting agency, equal to the fee specified in sub-rule 1A of rule 10 of the said rules, and shall not be entitled to make use of the highway section unless the excess load has been removed from such mechanical vehicle. 7. All definitions including category of mechanical vehicle, its permissible load, category of exempted vehicles, service road, alternative road etc. shall be as per definitions specified in the said rules. 8. The fee rates shall be displayed for information of the users in accordance with rules 12 of the said rules. 9. Based on the Base rate of fee per km for the base year 2007-08 as mentioned in Table-1 above, the actual amount of fee to be charged from the mechanical vehicles and the discounts will be calculated by the Authority on the basis of the completed length of the section and revised annually in accordance with the rule 5 of the said rules and the same shall be published in at least one newspaper, each in English and vernacular language accordingly. 10. The estimated capital cost of the project is Rupees 624.87 Crore. The capital cost is subject to variation as the activities of land acquisition, utility shifting, etc. are yet to be completed. The final capital cost will be notified separately. The Authority shall maintain a record of the recovery of capital cost through user fee realized and after recovery of the capital cost, the fee livable shall be reduced to 40% of the rates and shall be revised annually in accordance with the said rules. [F. No. NHAI/12022/1/2015/PB_DPR_Approval] AMIT VARADAN, Jt. Secy. Uploaded by Dte. of Printing at Government of India Press, Ring Road, Mayapuri, New Delhi-110064 and Published by the Controller of Publications, Delhi-110054.

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