Executive Summary:
The European Council Decision (EU) 2019/1810, taken in agreement with the United Kingdom, extends the period under Article 50(3) TEU, regarding the UK's withdrawal from the EU, until 31 January 2020. The decision allows for an earlier withdrawal date should ratification procedures be completed sooner. It also addresses the UK's rights, obligations, and expected conduct during the extension.
Key Points / Main Content:
Extension of Article 50(3) Period:
* The period under Article 50(3) TEU is further extended until 31 January 2020.
* If the Withdrawal Agreement is ratified earlier, withdrawal will occur on the first day of the month following ratification, or on 1 February 2020, whichever is earliest.
Rights and Obligations During Extension:
* The UK remains a Member State until the new withdrawal date, with full rights and obligations, including the obligation to nominate a Commission member.
* The UK must act constructively and responsibly, facilitating the Union's tasks and refraining from actions that could jeopardise the Union's objectives.
Limitations of Extension:
* The extension does not allow for reopening the Withdrawal Agreement.
* Unilateral actions by the UK must be compatible with the Withdrawal Agreement and must not impede its implementation.
* The extension cannot be used to start negotiations on the future relationship.
Impact on Institutions:
* The mandates of members of EU institutions nominated due to the UK's membership will end on the withdrawal date.
Decision Making:
* The UK did not take part in the discussions or adoption of this decision.
Impact Analysis:
European Union:
Impact: The EU's regular functioning should not be undermined by the extension.
Action Required: Prepare for the UK's continued participation in decision-making processes while ensuring it fulfills its obligations as a withdrawing member.
United Kingdom:
Impact: The UK remains a full member with all rights and obligations until the withdrawal date.
Action Required: The UK must continue internal procedures for ratification, act constructively during the extension, and nominate a candidate for the Commission.
Members of EU Institutions Nominated by the UK:
Impact: Their mandates will end on the date of the UK's withdrawal.
Action Required: Prepare for the end of their terms in accordance with the withdrawal date.
Key Entities Referenced
European Union: A political and economic union of member states located primarily in Europe.
United Kingdom: A sovereign country in Europe that was formerly a member state of the European Union and is in the process of withdrawing.
European Council: A collective body that defines the overall political direction and priorities of the European Union.
Article 50 TEU: Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union, which outlines the procedure for a member state to withdraw from the European Union.
Withdrawal Agreement: The agreement negotiated between the European Union and the United Kingdom setting out the terms of the UK's withdrawal from the EU.
European Atomic Energy Community Euratom: An international organisation established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957 with the purpose of creating a specialist market for nuclear power in Europe.
IrelandNorthern Ireland: Refers to both Ireland, and Northern Ireland, as part of the discussions about the protocol and withdrawal agreement.
Brussels: The de facto capital city of the European Union, located in Belgium, where the decision was adopted.
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II
(Non-legislative acts)
DECISIONS
EUROPEAN COUNCIL DECISION (EU) 2019/1810
taken in agreement with the United Kingdom
of 29 October 2019
extending the period under Article 50(3)TEU
THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL,
Having regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 50(3) thereof,
Whereas:
(1) On 29 March 2017, the United Kingdom notified the European Council of its intention to withdraw from the
European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community (‘Euratom’) in accordance with Article 50 of the
Treaty on the European Union, which applies to Euratom by virtue of Article 106a of the Treaty establishing the
European Atomic Energy Community.
(2) In accordance with Article 50 TEU, the European Union negotiated with the United Kingdom an agreement setting
out the arrangements for its withdrawal, taking account of the framework for its future relationship with the Union.
(3) On 25 November 2018, the European Council endorsed the draft Agreement on the withdrawal of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union and the European Atomic Energy
Community (‘Withdrawal Agreement’) and approved the Political Declaration setting out the framework for the
future relationship between the European Union and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
(‘Political Declaration’). On 11 January 2019, the Council adopted Decision (EU) 2019/274 (1) on the signing of the
Withdrawal Agreement (2).
(4) According to Article 50(3) TEU, the Treaties are to cease to apply to the withdrawing State from the date of entry
into force of the Withdrawal Agreement or, failing that, two years after the notification, unless the European
Council, in agreement with the Member State concerned, unanimously decides to extend this period.
(5) By Decision (EU) 2019/476 (3), the European Council, in agreement with the United Kingdom, initially decided to
extend the period under Article 50(3) TEU until 12 April 2019. That period was further extended
until 31 October 2019 by European Council Decision (EU) 2019/584 taken in agreement with the United
Kingdom (4).
(1) Council Decision (EU) 2019/274 of 11 January 2019 on the signing, on behalf of the European Union and of the European Atomic
Energy Community, of the Agreement on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the
European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community (OJ L 47 I, 19.2.2019, p. 1).
(2) The text of the Withdrawal Agreement attached to Decision (EU) 2019/274 was published in OJ C 66 I, 19.2.2019, p. 1.
(3) European Council Decision (EU) 2019/476 taken in agreement with the United Kingdom of 22 March 2019 extending the period
under Article 50(3) TEU (OJ L 80 I, 22.3.2019, p. 1).
(4) European Council Decision (EU) 2019/584 taken in agreement with the United Kingdom of 11 April 2019 extending the period under
Article 50(3) TEU (OJ L 101, 11.4.2019, p. 1).L 278 I/2 E N O f f i c i a l J o u r n a l o f t h e E u r o p e an Union 30.10.2019
(6) Following negotiations between the negotiators of the Union and of the United Kingdom during the months of
September and October 2019, an agreement was reached on a revised text of the Protocol on Ireland/Northern
Ireland included in the Withdrawal Agreement, and on necessary technical adaptations to Articles 184 and 185 of
that Agreement, as well as on a revised text of the Political Declaration. On 17 October 2019, the European Council
endorsed the amended Withdrawal Agreement and approved the revised text of the Political Declaration.
On 21 October 2019, the Council adopted Decision (EU) 2019/1750 amending Decision (EU) 2019/274 (5) on the
signing of the Withdrawal Agreement.
(7) On 19 October 2019, the United Kingdom submitted a request for an extension of the period provided for in
Article 50(3) TEU until 31 January 2020. The request states that if the parties are able to ratify the Withdrawal
Agreement before 31 January 2020, the Government proposes that the period should be terminated early.
(8) The UK government introduced the necessary legislation in order to proceed with the ratification of the Withdrawal
Agreement. On 21 October 2019, the Council of the European Union approved the draft Council Decision on the
conclusion of the Withdrawal Agreement and forwarded it to the European Parliament in order to obtain its
consent. The Union and the United Kingdom have not yet completed the internal procedures necessary for the
ratification of the Withdrawal Agreement. In the United Kingdom, there is an ongoing discussion on how to resolve
the issue of the ratification, and the UK Prime Minister has advocated holding a general election.
(9) With a view to allowing for the finalisation of the ratification of the Withdrawal Agreement, the European Council
agrees to a further extension until 31 January 2020.
(10) The European Council recalls that, under Article 50(3) TEU, the Withdrawal Agreement may enter into force on an
earlier date, should the Parties complete their respective ratification procedures before the end of the period under
Article 50(3) TEU. Consequently, the withdrawal should take place on the first day of the month following the
completion of the ratification procedures or on 1 February 2020, whichever is the earliest.
(11) This further extension cannot be allowed to undermine the regular functioning of the Union and its institutions.
Furthermore, it will have the consequence that the United Kingdom will remain a Member State until the new
withdrawal date, with full rights and obligations in accordance with Article 50 TEU, including the obligation to
suggest a candidate for appointment as a member of the Commission. It is recalled that the United Kingdom has a
right to revoke its notification at any time. The European Council recalls the commitment by the United Kingdom
to act in a constructive and responsible manner throughout the extension period in accordance with the duty of
sincere cooperation, and expects the United Kingdom to fulfil this commitment and Treaty obligation in a manner
that reflects its situation as a withdrawing Member State. To this effect, the United Kingdom shall facilitate the
achievement of the Union’s tasks and shall refrain from any measure which could jeopardise the attainment of the
Union’s objectives, in particular when participating in the decision‐making processes of the Union.
(12) The ongoing mandates of members of institutions, bodies, offices and agencies of the Union nominated, appointed
or elected in relation to the United Kingdom’s membership of the Union will end as soon as the Treaties cease to
apply to the United Kingdom, i.e. on the date of the withdrawal.
(13) This extension excludes any re‐opening of the Withdrawal Agreement. Any unilateral commitment, statement or
other act by the United Kingdom should be compatible with the letter and the spirit of the Withdrawal Agreement,
and must not hamper its implementation. Such an extension cannot be used to start negotiations on the future
relationship.
(14) As provided for in Article 50(4) TEU, the United Kingdom has not taken part in the discussions of the European
Council concerning this decision nor in its adoption. However, as set out in the letter from the Prime Minister of the
United Kingdom of 28 October 2019, it has agreed, in accordance with Article 50(3) TEU, to the extension of the
period referred to in that Article and to this decision,
(5) Council Decision (EU) 2019/1750 of 21 October 2019 amending Decision (EU) 2019/274 on the signing, on behalf of the European
Union and of the European Atomic Energy Community, of the Agreement on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland from the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community (OJ L 274I, 28.10.2019, p. 1).30.10.2019 E N O f f i c i a l J o u r n a l o f t h e E u r o p e a n Union L 278 I/3
HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:
Article 1
1. The period provided for in Article 50(3) TEU, as extended by the European Council Decision (EU) 2019/584, is
hereby further extended until 31 January 2020.
2. In accordance with Article 50(3) TEU and as provided for in the Withdrawal Agreement, in the event that the Parties
to that Agreement complete their respective ratification procedures and notify the depositary of the completion of those
procedures in November 2019, in December 2019 or in January 2020, the Withdrawal Agreement will enter into force
respectively on:
— 1 December 2019;
— 1 January 2020; or
— 1 February 2020.
Article 2
This decision shall enter into force on the date of its adoption.
Done at Brussels, 29 October 2019.
For the European Council
The President
D. TUSK