Annual Report on the Joint Monitoring of Drains Discharging into River Yamuna in Delhi - NCR Stretch (May 2025-April 2026)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The completion of this technical report would not have been possible without the guidance, support, and cooperation of numerous individuals and organizations.

First and foremost, we express our sincere gratitude to the National Mission for Clean Ganga

(NMCG), Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of India for providing the financial assistance, visionary leadership, constant encouragement and necessary grants that made this project and subsequent report possible. We are deeply thankful for their trust and oversight throughout the study.

We extend our deep appreciation to the Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) and Delhi Jal Board (DJB) for their technical expertise and invaluable inputs throughout the data collection and analysis phases. Special thanks are due to the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) laboratory technicians and monitoring staff who diligently collected samples and ensured the accuracy of the environmental monitoring data under challenging conditions.

We are also grateful to the Haryana State Pollution Control Board (HSPCB) and Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) for their collaborative support and insights, which significantly enhanced the quality of this report.

Finally, we acknowledge the cooperation of the local municipal authorities and the general public who provided necessary data and compliance information during the field assessments. Their support has been instrumental in making this report comprehensive and actionable.CONTRIBUTORS Planning and Execution Sh. Dinabandhu Gouda, Director and DH, WQM-II Ms. Reena Satavan, Additional Director, WQM-II Report Preparation and Dr. Pankaj Kumar, Scientist ‘E’ Compilation Dr. Annu Goel Gupta, Project Scientist-III Ms. Anubha Aggarwal, Senior Project Associate Reviewed by Dr. Shiv Pratap Raghuvanshi, Scientist ‘E’, NMCG Monitoring Team Dr. Pankaj Kumar, Scientist ‘E’ Dr. Priyanka Choudhary, Scientist ‘D’ Dr. Brajesh Shrivastava, Scientist ‘D’ Dr. Abhas Kumar Maharana, Scientist ‘C’ Ms. Manu Jindal, Scientist ‘C’ Dr. Prabhat Ranjan, Scientist ‘C’ Dr. Firoz Ahmad, Project Scientist-III Ms. Shraddha Lonarkar, Project Scientist-III Ms. Anshul Kumari, Project Scientist-III Sh. Vipin Kumar, Project Scientist-III Dr. Laxmi Narayan Gupta, Project Scientist-III Ms. Garima Dublish, Project Scientist-III Sh. Ashwani Kumar Singh, Project Scientist-II Dr. Jyoti Sharma, Project Scientist-II Ms. Yogita Mishra, Project Scientist-II Sh. Navaneethkumaran H, Project Scientist-II Dr. Sachin Tomar, Project Scientist-II Dr. Khyati Mittal, Project Scientist-II Dr. Chandravir Narayan, Project Scientist-I Dr. Vivek Rana, Project Scientist-I Dr. Richa Bhardwaj, Project Scientist-I Dr. Ashmeet Kaur Alang, Project Scientist-I Ms. Anubha Aggarwal, Senior Project Associate Sh. Ankit Shukla, Senior Project Associate Ms. Sonam Lally, Senior Project Associate Sh. Uma Shankar, Senior Project Associate Dr. Kaptan Singh, Senior Project Associate Dr. Anuj Sharma, Senior Project AssociateCONTENTS S. No. Chapter Page No.

List of Annexures List of Figures List of Tables List of Abbreviations Executive Summary

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Background 1

1.2 Objectives 2

1.3 Site Selection Criteria 2

1.4. Study Area 2-5

1.4.1 Sahibi river (Najafgarh drain) 3-4

1.4.2 Shahdara drain 5

1.5 Sampling Frequency 5

1.6 Methodology 6

2.0 Scope of the Present Report 6

3.0 Salient Observations 6-61

3.1 Sahibi river (Najafgarh drain) 7-18

3.1.1 Major observations at 12 monitoring locations on Sahibi River 9-13

3.1.2 On-site observations at 12 monitoring locations of Sahibi River 13-18

3.1.3 Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Sahibi River 18

3.1.4 Action proposed w.r.t. monitoring locations of Sahibi River 18

3.2 Major Drains of Sahibi River 18-29

3.2.1 Major observations at 13 monitoring locations on Major drains of Sahibi 18-22 River

3.2.2 On-site observations at 13 monitoring locations of Major drains of 22-28 Sahibi River

3.2.3 Solid Waste observed near sampling locations and Inadequate Tapping 28-29 arrangements on Major drains of Sahibi River

3.2.4 Action proposed w.r.t. monitoring locations of Major drains of Sahibi 29 River

3.3 Interstate Drains of Sahibi River 29-38

3.3.1 Major observations at 09 monitoring locations on Interstate drains of 29-33 Sahibi River3.3.2 On-site observations at 09 monitoring locations of Interstate drains of 33-37 Sahibi River

3.3.3 Solid Waste observed near sampling locations and Inadequate Tapping 38 arrangements on Interstate drains of Sahibi River

3.3.4 Action proposed w.r.t. monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi 38 River

3.4 Supplementary Drain of Sahibi River 38-45

3.4.1 Major observations at 06 monitoring locations on Supplementary drain 38-42 of Sahibi River

3.4.2 On-site observations at 06 monitoring locations on Supplementary drain 42-44 of Sahibi River

3.4.3 Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Supplementary drain of 44-45 Sahibi River

3.4.4 Action proposed w.r.t. monitoring locations of Supplementary drain of 45 Sahibi River

3.5 Shahdara Drain 45-53

3.5.1 Major observations at 06 monitoring locations on Shahdara drain 45-49

3.5.2 On-site observations at 06 monitoring locations on Shahdara drain 50-52

3.5.3 Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Shahdara drain 52

3.5.4 Action proposed w.r.t. monitoring locations of Shahdara drain 52-53

3.6 Interstate Drains of Shahdara Drain 53-61

3.6.1 Major observations at 06 monitoring locations on Interstate drains of 53-56 Shahdara drain

3.6.2 On-site observations at 06 monitoring locations on Interstate drains of 57-60 Shahdara drain

3.6.3 Solid Waste observed near sampling locations and Inadequate Tapping 60 arrangements on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain

3.6.4 Action proposed w.r.t. monitoring locations of Interstate drains of 61 Shahdara drain

4.0 Conclusion 61-62

5.0 Follow up Actions 62-66

6.0 Way Forward 66-67 Annexure-I Annexure-II Annexure-III Annexure-IVLIST OF ANNEXURES Annexure I- Photographs of all sampling locations and Characteristics of all sampling locations based on average May 2025 - April 2026 data Annexure II- Month-wise BOD values observed during May 2025 to April 2026 at all 52 locations monitored in Delhi-Yamuna drains Annexure III- Solid waste observed at 32 locations of drains in Delhi-NCR stretch of river Yamuna (May, 2025 to April, 2026) along with site photographs Annexure IV- Tapping Status at 11 locations of drains in Delhi-NCR stretch of river Yamuna (May, 2025 to April, 2026) along with site photographs LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1- Monitoring locations on Sahibi River, its major drains, Interstate drains and Supplementary drains Figure 2- Monitoring locations on Shahdara drain and its Interstate drains Figure 3- Colour coded map of Drainage network in Delhi-NCR stretch based on Average BOD values Figure 4- Schematic Diagram of Sahibi River (Najafgarh drain) network (BOD Range observed during May, 2025- April, 2026) Figure 5- BOD distribution at 12 monitoring locations of Sahibi river Figure 6- COD distribution at 12 monitoring locations of Sahibi river Figure 7- TSS distribution at 12 monitoring locations of Sahibi river Figure 8- Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 12 monitoring locations of Sahibi river Figure 9- Average BOD, COD and Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 12 monitoring locations of Sahibi river Figure 10- BOD distribution at 13 monitoring locations on Major drains of Sahibi river Figure 11- COD distribution at 13 monitoring locations on Major drains of Sahibi river Figure 12- TSS distribution at 13 monitoring locations on Major drains of Sahibi river Figure 13- Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 13 monitoring locations on Major drains of Sahibi river Figure 14- Average BOD, COD and Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 13 monitoring locations on Major drains of Sahibi river Figure 15- BOD distribution at 09 monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi river Figure 16- COD distribution at 09 monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi river Figure 17- TSS distribution at 09 monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi riverFigure 18- Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 09 monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi river Figure 19- Average BOD, COD and Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 09 monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi river Figure 20- BOD distribution at 06 locations on Supplementary drain of Sahibi River Figure 21- COD distribution at 06 locations on Supplementary drain of Sahibi River Figure 22- TSS distribution at 06 locations on Supplementary drain of Sahibi River Figure 23- Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 06 locations on Supplementary drain of Sahibi River Figure 24- Average BOD, COD and Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 06 locations on Supplementary drain of Sahibi River Figure 25- Schematic Diagram of Shahdara drainage network (BOD range observed at various locations during May, 2025- April, 2026) Figure 26- BOD distribution at 06 locations on Shahdara drain Figure 27- COD distribution at 06 locations on Shahdara drain Figure 28- TSS distribution at 06 locations on Shahdara drain Figure 29- Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 06 locations on Shahdara drain Figure 30- Average BOD, COD and Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 06 locations on Shahdara drain Figure 31- BOD distribution at 06 locations on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain Figure 32- COD distribution at 06 locations on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain Figure 33- TSS distribution at 06 locations on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain Figure 34- Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 06 locations on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain Figure 35- Average BOD, COD and Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 06 locations on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain LIST OF TABLES Table 1- Drains discharge into the Sahibi River within the Delhi stretch Table 2- Drains discharge into Shahdara drain within the Delhi stretch Table 3- Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Sahibi River Table 4- Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Major drains of Sahibi River Table 5- Inadequate Tapping arrangements on Major drains of Sahibi River Table 6- Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Interstate drains of Sahibi River Table 7- Inadequate Tapping arrangements on Interstate drains of Sahibi River Table 8- Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Supplementary drain Table 9- Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Shahdara drain Table 10- Solid Waste observed near sampling location on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain Table 11- Inadequate Tapping arrangements on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain Table 12- Pollution source mapping and related Action points w.r.t. 17 drainsLIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Full Form NMCG National Mission for Clean Ganga SER-III Project Strengthening of Environmental Regulator- III Project CPCB Central Pollution Control Board DJB Delhi Jal Board DPCC Delhi Pollution Control Committee MCD Municipal Corporation of Delhi UPPCB Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board HSPCB Haryana State Pollution Control Board BDL Below Detection Limit BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand COD Chemical Oxygen Demand TSS Total Suspended Solids NH₃-N Ammonical Nitrogen TOC Total Organic Carbon ATR Action Taken Report A/C After confluence B/C Before confluence STP Sewage Treatment Plant MCG Municipal Corporation of Gurugram GMDA Gurugram Metropolitan Development Authority I&FCD Irrigation and Flood Control Department CPWD Central Public Works Department GNCTD Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi PWD Public Works Department DDA Delhi Development Authority NDMC New Delhi Municipal Council UDD Urban Development Department DSIIDC Delhi State Industrial and Infrastructure Development Corporation GNN Ghaziabad Nagar NigamEXECUTIVE SUMMARY Under Namami Gange program for Yamuna river rejuvenation and pollution abatement, aimed at controlling pollution load in 47 km long critically polluted stretch of river Yamuna in the National Capital region of Delhi, NMCG in coordination with CPCB, DPCC & DJB, initiated joint monitoring of drains discharging into river Yamuna in Delhi stretch from May, 2025. The monitoring program was designed to assess pollution loads entering the river, identify major sources of contamination, and support targeted interventions for improving water quality.

Concerned agencies identified 02 major drains- Sahibi river (Najafgarh drain) and Shahdara drain- for monitoring, along with their second- and third- order drains, to facilitate detailed pollution source mapping.

This monitoring program covers a total of 52 sampling locations with analysis of 12 water quality parameters viz., BOD, COD, TSS, pH, Colour, NO -N, NO -N, TKN, NH -N, TP, TOC and FC. The frequency of the 3 2 3 monitoring is set at monthly during the first year, bi-monthly during second year and quarterly in subsequent years to enable continuous assessment of pollution trends and the effectiveness of pollution abatement measures.

This report presents salient observations and Action proposed for 52 sampling locations of both the major drains (Sahibi and Shahdara) and its 25 sub-drains as-

1. Based on analytical water quality parameters, 12 drains were identified as major pollution hotspots viz., Palam drain, Ramesh Nagar drain, Nagloi drain, Leg 1 drain, outfall of New Moti Nagar, Mungeshpur drain, Drain no. 6, New drain (AB7), Shahdara drain, Shahdara link road drain, Sahibabad drain and Trunk drain no.1. Monitoring results indicate discharge of untreated and/ or partially treated sewage as well as industrial effluents into the drains. Considerably higher values of BOD, COD, TSS and NH -N were recorded in the Shahdara drain and its interstate drains with 3 increasing trend since May, 2025.

2. Solid waste dumping along the drains was observed as another significant concern during monitoring program at 32 locations.

3. Tapping provisions were found to be inadequate or non-functional for several months at 11 drains.

Based on the monitoring outcomes, remedial measures and drain-specific action plans have been proposed for implementation to the concerned agencies to address pollution sources, improve wastewater management, and enhance the overall water quality of the Yamuna River in Delhi.1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background The river Yamuna is the longest tributary of river Ganga. It originates from Yamunotri glacier in Uttarakhand state at an elevation of approximately 6,387 meters above mean sea level and traverses a length of about 1,376 kilometers before its confluence with the river Ganga at Triveni Sangam in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh.

It is also, the second-largest tributary of river Ganga in terms of discharge after the Ghaggara river. Its catchment area extends across seven states, covering parts of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh.

The river Yamuna enters Delhi-NCR stretch at palla village and exits at Jaitpur, covering a total distance of about 47 kilometers. Of this about 22 kilometers flow through urban Delhi between Wazirabad barrage and Okhla barrage. Delhi is one of the fastest growing and the most densely populated cities in India. It is situated between 28.24° and 28.53° North latitude and 76.50° and 77.20° East longitude. Delhi covers an area of 1,483 square kilometres, of which 369.35 square kilometres are designated as rural and 1,113.65 square kilometres as urban (Economic Survey of Delhi, 2022-23). According to the Census of India, 2011, Delhi had a population of approximately 16.8 million (1.68 crore). As reported in the India Year Book 2025, the population density of the NCT of Delhi, based on the 2011 Census, was 11,320 persons per square kilometre, compared with the national average of 382 persons per square kilometre. Delhi recorded the highest population density among all states and Union Territories in India in 2011. According to the World Cities Report 2025 published by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), Delhi's population is estimated to have reached approximately 30 million in 2025.

According to the CPCB report Polluted River Stretches for Restoration of Water Quality (2025), the Yamuna River stretch in Delhi has been classified as a Priority Class-I polluted river stretch, with a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) concentration exceeding 30.1 mg/L, based on water quality monitoring data for the period 2022–23.

Recognizing the adverse impact of rapid urbanization and high population density on the water quality of the Yamuna River in the Delhi–NCR stretch, the NMCG in coordination with the CPCB, identified the need to strengthen the existing water quality monitoring network by including the Yamuna River and its major contributing drains.

Accordingly, under the Namami Gange Programme for the rejuvenation of the Yamuna River and abatement of pollution, the NMCG, in collaboration with the CPCB, DPCC, and DJB, initiated a joint monitoring programme of drains discharging into the Yamuna River in the Delhi-NCR stretch from May 2025. The initiative aims to assess and control the pollution load entering the river and support the restoration of the 47-kilometre critically polluted stretch of the Yamuna within the National Capital Territory of Delhi.

1 | P age1.2 Objectives The primary objective of the joint monitoring programme is to generate reliable and scientifically robust data to support the formulation and implementation of both short-term and long-term corrective measures for improving the water quality of the Yamuna River. The programme has been designed to facilitate pollution source mapping, assess the pollution loads entering the river through major drains, and provide a scientific basis for targeted interventions aimed at restoring and improving the river's water quality.

1.3 Site Selection Criteria The monitoring locations on first-order drains were selected at their points of entry into Delhi and at their confluence with the River Yamuna. Additional monitoring locations along the middle reaches of first-order drains were established downstream of the confluence of second-order drains to assess the cumulative pollution load. Monitoring locations on second-, third-, and fourth-order drains were selected upstream of their confluence with first-, second-, and third-order drains, respectively, to evaluate the pollution contribution from each drain. For interstate drains, monitoring locations were established at the Delhi state boundary where the drains enter from the adjoining states.

1.4 Study Area The concerned agencies identified two major (first order) drains—the Sahibi River (Najafgarh Drain) and the Shahdara Drain—for monitoring, along with their associated second-, third- & fourth-order drains comprising 19 drains discharging into Sahibi river (Table 1) and 06 drains discharging into Shahdara drain (Table 2). The monitoring programme covers a total of 52 sampling locations across these two drainage systems, comprising 40 sampling locations in the Sahibi River (Najafgarh Drain) network and 12 sampling locations in the Shahdara Drain network.

Table 1: Drains which discharge into the Sahibi River within the Delhi stretch Sr. No. Drain Order of drain w.r.t., River Yamuna

1. Mungeshpur L. drain (confluence with Mungeshpur drain) Third

2. Bhupania- Chhudania drain (confluence with Mungeshpur drain) Third

3. Mungeshpur drain (confluence with Sahibi River) Second

4. Drain no. 6 (confluence with New drain) Fourth

5. New Drain (confluence with Supplementary drain) Third

6. Kirari Suleman Nagar drain (confluence with Supplementary drain) Third

7. Nagloi drain (confluence with Supplementary drain) Third

8. Supplementary Drain (confluence with Sahibi River) Second

9. Leg 1 drain (confluence with Sahibi River) Second

10. Leg 2 drain (confluence with Sahibi River) Second

11. Leg 3 drain (confluence with Sahibi River) Second

12. Nasirpur Link drain (confluence with Palam drain) Third

13. Palam drain (confluence with Sahibi River) Second

14. Pankha road drain (confluence with Sahibi River) Second 2 | P age15. Ramesh nagar drain (confluence with Sahibi River) Second

16. JJ Colony drain (confluence with Sahibi River) Second

17. Driali Nala (confluence with Sahibi River) Second

18. Shakurbasti drain (confluence with Sahibi River) Second

19. New Moti Nagar drain (confluence with Sahibi River) Second Table 2: Drains which discharge into Shahdara drain within the Delhi stretch Sr. No. Drain Order of drain w.r.t., River Yamuna

1. Karawal Nagar Drain (confluence with Another Karawal Nagar drain) Third

2. Karawal Nagar Drain near Shiv Vihar (confluence with Karawal Nagar drain) Third

3. Brahampuri drain (Gokalpur Drain) (confluence with Trunk Drain no. 1) Third

4. Trunk Drain no. 1 (confluence with Trunk Drain no. 2 Second

5. Sahibabad drain (confluence with Shahdara Drain) Second

6. Shahdara Link drain (TY5) (confluence with Shahdara Drain) Second

1.4.1 Sahibi river (Najafgarh drain) The Sahibi River is a first-order tributary of the River Yamuna; it traverses approximately 57 km within the National Capital Territory of Delhi before ultimately discharging into the River Yamuna at Wazirabad Bridge. The initial 18 km river course passes through rural areas, while the subsequent 39 km flows through predominantly urbanized areas of Delhi. Historically, the Sahibi River was a seasonal river originated from the eastern slopes of the Saiwar Protected Forest in the Aravalli Range near Ajitgarh and Manoharpur villages in Sikar district, Rajasthan that discharged into the Najafgarh Jheel, and its water was used for irrigation and domestic purposes. The Sahibi River extends for approximately 157 km in Rajasthan, 100 km in Haryana. However, since the early twentieth century, the river has undergone significant transformation due to rapid urbanization and the discharge of untreated wastewater. As a result, it is now widely known as the Najafgarh Drain. Since past several decades, the flow of Sahibi River has been sustained predominantly by Drain No. 8 before entering Delhi at the Dhansa border.

Of the 40 monitoring locations within the Sahibi River (Najafgarh Drain) network, 12 are located on the main channel of the Sahibi River, while the remaining 28 are situated on drains discharging into it. These include 13 locations on major drains, encompassing first-, second-, and third-order drains; 9 locations on interstate drains shared with the neighbouring states of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh; and 6 locations on supplementary drain (Figure 1).

3 | P ageFigure 1: Monitoring locations on Sahibi River1, its major drains2, Interstate drains3 and Supplementary drain4 1On Sahibi river 2Major drains 3Interstate drains 4Supplementary drain (06 (12 locations) (13 locations) (09 locations) locations) Location Location Location Location Code Code Code Code 1- Dhansa at regulator 30 A- Leg 3 drain 41- Mungeshpur Drain A/C 21- Outfall of 2- Sahibi river at 30 B- Leg 2 drain Bhupania Chhudania Drain Supplementary Ghummanhera 30 C- Leg 1 drain (NB9) (near Nilwal) Drain at Kakrola Mor 3- Sahibi river at Jhatikara 31- Palam drain (NB2) 41 A- Entry Point of Bhupania 22- A/C of Kirari bridge 32- Pankha Road Drain Chhudania drain (NB9) into Suleman Nagar 4- A/C of Mundhela drain (NB7) Delhi Drain (KB12)

(NB10) 33- Ramesh nagar Drain 42- Mungeshpur Drain before 23- A/C of Nangloi Drain 5- A/C of Bijwasan drain 34- Kirari Suleman entering Haryana (Near (KB10)

(NB6) Nagar Drain (KB12) Nizampur) 24- A/C of New Drain 6- A/C of Palam drain (NB2) 35- Nagloi Drain (KB10) 43- Drain No. 6 (Delhi- (AB7) 7- A/C of Mungeshpur drain 36- JJ Colony Drain Haryana Border near 25- A/C of Burari Creek 8- A/C of Pankha Road 37- Nasirpur Link Drain Narela) (AB5) drain (NB5) 44- New Drain (AB7) A/C of 26- A/C of Toe Drain 9- A/C of Ramesh Nagar 38- Outfall of Driali Nala Alipur Link Drain & Drain (AB17) and Jagatpur drain 39- Outfall of No.6 Link Drain (AB13) 10- A/C of JJ Colony + Shakurbasti Drain 45- New Drain (AB7) B/C to Wazirpur Link drain 40- Outfall of New Moti Supplemenatry Drain 11- A/C Jahangirpuri drain Nagar 46- Mungeshpur L. Drain before

(AB16) entering Delhi 12- After merging of Sahibi 46 A- Mungeshpur drain (re- river and Supplementary entry, 2nd entry) into Delhi drain 47- Mandauri drain (Upstream of Mungeshpur drain near Auchandi Border) A/C- after confluence B/C- before confluence 4 | P age1.4.2 Shahdara drain Shahdara Drain is a major interstate channel spanning across Delhi and Uttar Pradesh with total length of approximately 32 Km. It originates near Karawal Nagar, Delhi spanning across eastern part of Delhi and covering approximately 25 Km before entering into Uttar Pradesh. Shahdara drain enters Noida, Uttar Pradesh covering approximately 7 km before it empties into the Yamuna River on its left bank near Kalindi Kunj. A total of 12 sampling locations have been established within the Shahdara Drain network. Of these, 06 monitoring locations are under the Shahdara Drain, while the remaining 06 are under the interstate drains that discharge into the Shahdara Drain (Figure 2).

Figure 2: Monitoring locations on Shahdara drain1 and its Interstate drains2 1Shahdara drain 2Interstate drains (06 locations) (06 locations) Location Location Code Code 51- Shahdara outfall drain (TY3) before entering UP 61- At origin of Karawal Nagar Drain (TY6) (Border of UP-Delhi) 52- Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) B/C to Ghazipur Drain 62- Karawal Nagar Drain near Shiv Vihar (Delhi-UP Border) 53- Ghazipur drain A/C of Sahibabad drain & B/C with Shahdara Link 63- A/C of Escape Drain I (TY9) with Trunk drain no. 1 Drain (TY5) 64- Brahampuri drain (Gokalpur Drain) near Brahampuri drain SPS 54- Ghazipur drain (TY4) A/c of Vinod Nagar Drain 65- Trunk drain No. 1 A/C of GT Road drain 55- Sahibabad drain at Delhi-UP Border near Ghazipur Poultry Mandi 66- Sahibabad drain near Shaheed Nagar metro station at GT Road 56- At confluence of Trunk drain no. I & Trunk drain No. 2

1.5 Sampling Frequency The frequency of the monitoring is set at monthly during the first year, bi-monthly during second year and quarterly in subsequent years to enable continuous assessment of pollution trends and the effectiveness of pollution abatement measures.

5 | P age1.6 Methodology The joint monitoring programme is undertaken by officials from NMCG, CPCB, DPCC and DJB. Samples were collected jointly on a monthly basis from the designated monitoring locations. Subsurface samples were collected in accordance with the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (APHA, 2025). All the observations were recorded as per format (Annexure-I). The collected samples were analyzed at the CPCB Head Office laboratories for 12 key water quality parameters, namely Colour, pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Nitrate Nitrogen (NO₃⁻-N), Nitrite Nitrogen (NO₂⁻-N), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), Ammonical Nitrogen (NH₃-N), Total Nitrogen (calculated as NO₃⁻-N + NO₂⁻-N + TKN), Total Phosphorus (TP), Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Faecal Coliform (FC) following the procedures prescribed in Standard Methods (APHA, 2025).

2.0 SCOPE OF THE PRESENT REPORT This report presents the on-site observations and wastewater analytical characters of drains discharging into river Yamuna in Delhi-NCR stretch. The joint monitoring programme commenced in May 2025 with the first round of monthly monitoring of the Sahibi River and selected drains, covering a total of 45 sampling locations. In July 2025, the NMCG identified two additional locations for inclusion in the monitoring program. Accordingly, joint monitoring was conducted on a total of 47 sampling locations. Subsequently, in October 2025, the NMCG identified five additional locations for monitoring. As a result, joint monitoring has been now carried out covering a total of 52 sampling locations.

3.0 SALIENT OBSERVATIONS Site photographs of all 52 sampling locations are enclosed as Annexure I. Average BOD values of all parameters for 52 sampling locations for the period from May 2025 to April 2026 is presented in Annexure II. Solid waste dumping observed at 32 locations along with site photographs are presented as Annexure- III. Inadequate tapping arrangements observed at 11 locations along with site photographs are presented as Annexure-IV.

Figure 3 illustrates the average BOD values observed at 52 monitoring locations during the period from May 2025 to April 2026 using a colored drain stretches and sampling locations. The assumed color codes with respect to BOD value ranges are provided in the map legend. The map also illustrates sampling locations of DPCC other than the current monitoring programme.

Based on the average BOD values observed, it is pertinent to mention that highest average BOD (>250 mg/L) has been found at only one location i.e., Sahibabad drain near Shaheed Nagar Metro Station at GT Road 6 | P age(location code: 66). Also, another observation from the map is that water quality of Sahibi river in terms of BOD value, degrades after Najafgarh Jheel indicating significant pollution load from drains discharging from Gurugram, Haryana.

Figure 3: Colour coded map of Drainage network in Delhi-NCR stretch based on Average BOD values

3.1 Sahibi river (Najafgarh drain) The schematic diagram of Sahibi river drainage network is shown in Figure 4. The spatial distribution of BOD along the Sahibi River and its associated drains indicated a progressive deterioration in water quality.

The lowest BOD concentrations were observed at Locations 1 & 2 (Dhansa at Regulator and the Sahibi River at Ghumanhera) with BOD values up to 51 mg/L indicating comparatively lower organic pollution at the entry point. As the river flows downstream, it receives wastewater from several drains of Gurugram, Haryana, resulting in a gradual increase in BOD concentrations suggesting substantial organic loading. The highest pollution hotspots are associated with Leg 1 drain (318 mg/L), Outfall of Draili Nala (362 mg/L), Outfall of New Moti Nagar drain (514 mg/L), New Drain (AB7) A/C of Alipur Link Drain & Drain No.6 (314 mg/L), Mungeshpur L. drain before entering Delhi (552 mg/L), and Mandauri drain (Upstream of Mungeshpur drain near Auchandi Border) (825 mg/L) with maximum BOD concentrations exceeding 300 mg/L. Despite dilution after mixing with the Supplementary Drain, the Sahibi River (Location code 12) 7 | P agecontinues to exhibit elevated BOD (23–154 mg/L) before discharging into the Yamuna, reflecting the cumulative impact of urban wastewater inputs.

Figure 4. Schematic Diagram of Sahibi River (Najafgarh drain) network (BOD Range observed during May, 2025- April, 2026) 8 | P age3.1.1 Major observations at 12 locations on Sahibi river The BOD, COD, TSS and NH -N concentrations exhibited considerable variability across 12 monitoring 3 locations on Sahibi river, indicating differences in the degree of pollution within the drainage network (Figures 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9).

• Upstream locations 1 & 2 (Dhansa at Regulator & Ghumanhera) generally showed lower concentration of all the parameters indicating comparatively lower pollution and lesser variation while pollution load increased progressively downstream in the drain network.

• Locations 3 – 11 showed elevated concentrations and large fluctuations due to industrial, municipal, and/or drainage discharges. • In contrast, Location 12 (After merging Sahibi River and Supplementary Drain) showed a reduction in all parameters compared with some upstream drains, although concentrations remained elevated and highly variable, indicating dilution of pollutants but continued influence of organic waste inputs.

• The lowest BOD & COD concentrations were observed at Locations 1 & 2 indicating comparatively lower pollution load input at entry point of Sahibi river into Delhi. • Significant BOD, COD and NH -N increase at Location 3 w.r.t. Location 1 & 2 indicates High 3 pollution load from drains such as Leg 1, Leg 2 and Leg 3.

• Location 6 (A/C of Palam Drain) recorded the highest BOD and COD values up to 181 mg/L & 388 mg/L, respectively reflecting wastewater inputs from domestic sewage and urban runoff., followed by Locations 5, 7 & 10 (A/C of Bijwasan Drain, A/C of Mungeshpur drain & A/C JJ Colony + Wazirpur link drain) also, showed elevated BOD & COD concentrations.

• The increase in BOD & COD after major drain confluences demonstrates that urban drains are the dominant contributors of organic pollution to the river system. • TSS is an important indicator of particulate pollution and reflects the presence of suspended sediments, organic matter, and anthropogenic waste in water.

• The lowest TSS concentrations –Below Detection Limit (BDL) at locations 2, 3, 4 & 5 in August, 2025 and at location 7 in September 2025 monitoring reflecting relatively good water quality with limited sediment and particulate inputs.

• In contrast, Location 10 exhibited the maximum TSS values (up to 245 mg/L), indicating substantial suspended solids loading from domestic sewage, urban runoff, and drainage discharges. • Ammonical nitrogen is a key indicator of organic pollution, sewage contamination, agricultural runoff and nutrient enrichment in aquatic systems. High Ammonical nitrogen can exert oxygen demand through nitrification, contributing indirectly to dissolved oxygen depletion. Persistent NH₃– N concentrations indicate severe nutrient pollution and poor wastewater management.

• Upstream locations 1 & 2 exhibited comparatively lower NH₃–N concentrations, indicating limited anthropogenic impact.

9 | P age• In contrast, Location 6 recorded the highest NH₃–N concentrations (up to 46 mg/L), demonstrating continuous and high sewage inputs. • Locations 5, 7 & 9 also exhibited elevated NH₃–N concentrations, confirming their role as major contributors of nitrogen pollution.

• Several locations contained outliers demonstrating episodic spikes in organic pollution, possibly resulting from intermittent wastewater discharges, storm water runoff, or seasonal changes in flow. • Average BOD ranging from 16.08 mg/l (lowest at Dhansa at Regulator) and 83 mg/l (highest at Sahibi River A/C of Palam drain). Overall Average BOD of 12 locations monitored on Sahibi River is 48.13 mg/l.

• Average COD ranging from 54.58 mg/l (lowest at Dhansa at Regulator) and 224.33 mg/l (highest in Sahibi River A/C of Palam drain). Overall Average COD of 12 locations monitored on Sahibi River is 140.6 mg/l. The wastewater characteristics observed at the 12 locations monitored during May 2025 to April 2026 on Sahibi River shows • Average TSS ranging from 32.4 mg/l (lowest in Sahibi River at Ghummanhera) and 105.58 mg/l (highest in Sahibi River A/C of Palam drain). Overall Average TSS of 12 locations monitored on Sahibi River is 67.55 mg/l.

• Average NH -N ranging from 5.76 mg/l (lowest at Dhansa at Regulator) and 28.09 mg/l (highest at 3 Sahibi River A/C of Palam drain). Overall Average NH -N of 12 locations monitored on Sahibi 3 River is 17.18 mg/l.

• Average Faecal coliform ranging from 1.91 x106 MPN/ 100 ml (lowest at Dhansa at Regulator) and

1.46 x1013 MPN/ 100 ml (highest at A/C of Ramesh nagar drain).

Highest average values observed in Sahibi River as: - BOD- 83 mg/l, COD- 224.33 mg/l, TSS- 105.58 mg/l and NH -N- 28.09 mg/l in Sahibi River A/C 3 of Palam drain - Faecal Coliform: - 1.46 x 1013 in Sahibi River A/C of Ramesh nagar drain 10 | P ageFigure 5: BOD distribution at 12 monitoring locations of Sahibi river Figure 6: COD distribution at 12 monitoring locations of Sahibi river 11 | P ageFigure 7: TSS distribution at 12 monitoring locations of Sahibi river Figure 8: Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 12 monitoring locations of Sahibi river 12 | P ageSahibi River -12 Locations

250.00

224.33

186.42

200.00 174.92

148.08 156.25 151.83 146.58

150.00 131.50 118.50 129.25

83.00

100.00 54.58 64.91 57.92 68.67 55.50 57.58 55.17

43.42 36.33 45.42 41.00

50.00 16.08 17.45 28.09

14.78 14.95 20.87 22.33 21.46 19.48 17.66 17.64 17.12

0.00 5.76 6.03 )1 ( ro ta lu g e r tA a s n a h D ta re v ir ib ih a S)2 ( a re h n a m m u h G a ra k ita h J ta re v ir ib ih a S)3 ( e g d irb n ia rd a le h d n u M fo C /A)4 ( )0 1 B N ( )6 B N ( n ia rd n a s a w jiB fo C /A)5 ( )2 B N ( n ia rd m a la P fo C /A)6 ( n ia rd ru p h s e g n a M fo C /A)7 ( n ia rd d a o R a h k n a P fo C /A)8 ( n ia rd ra g a N h s e m a R fo C /A)9 ( + y n o lo C J J fo C /A)0 1 ( n ia rd k n iL ru p riz a W n ia rd iru p rig n a h a J C /A)1 1 ( )6 1 B A ( re v ir ib ih a S fo g n ig re m re tfAn ia rd y ra tn e m e lp p u S d n a)2 1 ( Average BOD (mg/l) Average COD (mg/l) Average NH3-N (mg/l) Figure 9: Average BOD, COD and Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 12 monitoring locations of Sahibi river

3.1.2 On-site observations at 12 monitoring locations of Sahibi River • Sahibi River was reported to be untapped and earthen. No screens of V-notch were observed at the sampling locations. Sahibi River enters Delhi near Dhansa border and flows into 02 channel till Ghummanhera village. The Sahibi River receives discharge from Bakra drain, Jhajjar city, Jahajgarh Majra, and adjoining areas.

• Sahibi River had clear river banks at Dhansa regulator (sampling location code: 1). The sample was collected from the right-most channel at the Dhansa regulator (gate no. 1 of regulator no. 3). In past monitoring’s (May- July 2025) monitoring teams have reported that RTWQMS has been installed at Dhansa regulator channel however but live data is not being displayed. During March 2026, flow was observed through all the gates of all three Regulators 1, 2 & 3. Agricultural activities were observed on both the sides of Sahibi River.

• The two channels of Sahibi River, formed near Dhansa, converge at this location into a single channel. Sahibi River near Ghummanhera village (sampling location code: 2) has no culvert. Due 13 | P ageto unavailability of boat in October 2025, sampling was not undertaken. Fishing has been observed in the past monitoring. Huge eutrophication/ water hyacinth has been found in Sahibi River near the Ghummanhera village. Local fishermen informed during April 2026 that dead fishes since last 2 months and water quality has degraded at this location since few months, which are well supported by the analysis results of this sampling location.

• The Sahibi River begins to pool downstream of Ghummanhera village due to inflow from the Leg- III drain (Badshahpur Nala) originating from Gurugram. This pooling in Sahibi River is called as Najafgarh jheel which ends near Jhatikara Bridge.

• The dark colour water was observed flowing in Sahibi River at Jhatikara bridge (sampling location

code: 3) in comparison to its upstream locations, which may be because of discharge from L-II and L-III drains from Gurugram. Also, it was observed that solid waste was dumped at the river banks and huge eutrophication for approximately 200m upstream. The analysis results also indicate high pollution contribution from drains (LII & LIII) coming from Haryana discharging u/s of this sampling location. At this location, Oil & Grease has been found floating on the surface of the wastewater of River Sahibi. During March and April 2026, monitoring team found a drain carrying untreated wastewater from Jhatikara & Shikarpur village (~150 m downstream of this location) (at

28.517832, 76.972625) discharging into River Sahibi via a temporarily installed pump. • Solid waste dumping on both river banks and comparatively lesser flow in Sahibi River was

observed at sampling location codes: 4 and 5. • Sahibi River flows into 2 channels at these sampling locations. Sampling location code: 4 lie in the

northern channel of river Sahibi at Chawla bridge and sampling location code: 5 lie in the southern 14 | P agechannel of river Sahibi at Chawla bridge. Foul smell was found near the sampling location code:

5. • In February 2026, team observed that Mundhela drain is diverted and its mouth is plugged resulting in very meagre flow through the channel to Sahibi river (sampling location codes: 4). In March and April 2026, no discharge from Mundhela drain into River Sahibi was found.

• In February 2026, team observed that Silt and sludge from desilting of the river stored on river bank (sampling location codes: 5). In March and April 2026, flow in Bijwasan drain at confluence with River Sahibi was found. This location is at downstream (~ 20-30 m) of the confluence point Bijwasan drain with River Sahibi at the right bank. Monitoring teams have also observed dumping of solid waste near confluence of Bijwasan drain.

• Enroute to the sampling location code: 6, has huge solid waste dumped along the road and had foul smell. Very less flow in Sahibi River was also observed at sampling location code: 6. Silt removed from the Sahibi River was found dumped on both sides of the river bank. Boat arrangement for proper sampling may be required. The outlet of the Pappankalan STP is situated downstream of this sampling location.

15 | P age• Solid waste dumping around bank of Sahibi River and high odour with dark coloured wastewater flowing in Sahibi River were observed A/C of Palam drain (NB2) (sampling location code: 6) and A/C of Mungeshpur drain (sampling location code: 7).

• At (sampling location code: 7), the colour of Sahibi river has visible effect of Mungeshpur drain because the colour of Sahibi river has changed from brownish to blackish after the confluence of Mungeshpur drain. Solid waste as Municipal solid waste and plastic waste have been found dumped on the river banks. Some amount of solid waste was also found in river sub-stratum. In April 2026, desilting of Sahibi river was found ongoing, however, the desilted material was found dumped on the river banks.

• At (sampling location code: 8), the black colour of Sahibi river and Solid waste dumping were observed on the right river bank. A dry channel was found constructed above the Sahibi river along its width which further travels below the bridge of Sahibi River. In April 2026, an unknown channel/ drain was found constructed above the Sahibi river along its width which further travels below the bridge of Sahibi River, and having wastewater flowing in it. Weed growth have been observed inside the Sahibi river.

• Municipal solid waste, water hyacinth and sludge found accumulated on the river bank at sampling

location code: 9. The screening which was installed to collect floating materials has been found non-functional since all past monitoring. Eutrophication was also observed at this location. The analysis results indicate the presence of weal strength sewage.

16 | P age• Municipal solid waste was also found dumped at sampling location code: 10 on the left bank of the Sahibi River near bridge. • The sampling location code: 11 is the location whose sample is collected from Sahibi River just before the confluence with Supplementary drain. However, in the downstream of sampling location, two outfalls were observed discharging directly into river Sahibi from the Timarpur Colony B/C of supplementary drain. Waste water characteristics indicate the presence of untreated sewage.

• After the merging of Sahibi River and Supplementary drain (sampling location code: 12), cleaning activity of floating material was found however, the solid waste removed was found dumped along the river banks. Also, light haziness and froth formation observed in river water by monitoring teams. Waste water characteristics indicate the presence of untreated sewage.

17 | P age• In August, 2025, dilution in Sahibi River by the rain water of monsoon has been reported by the monitoring teams at various sampling locations. Also, the analysis results indicate the possibility of the same.

3.1.3 Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Sahibi River • Solid waste (municipal/ demolition/ plastic) dumped and water hyacinth floating in river had been found at the following locations of Sahibi River, given as Table 3.

Table 3: Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Sahibi River Location Code Location Name 3 Sahibi River at Jhatikara bridge 4 Sahibi River (NB1) A/C Mundhela drain (NB10) 5 Sahibi River A/C Bijwasan drain (NB6) 7 Sahibi River A/C Mungeshpur drain 8 Sahibi River A/C Pankha road drain 10 Sahibi River A/C JJ Colony + Wazirpur Link drain

3.1.4 Action proposed w.r.t. monitoring locations of Sahibi River i. Elevated average BOD, COD, TSS, NH₃-N and Faecal Coliform levels were observed in Sahibi River after confluence of Palam drain (NB2) and Ramesh nagar drain, indicating discharge of untreated sewage and industrial effluent.

ii. DPCC shall issue appropriate directions to concern department to implement remedial measures to reduce the pollution load, while MCD and other local bodies shall remove immediately solid waste along riverbanks at location codes 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 10.

iii. DPCC shall submit findings of drains pollution source mapping to CPCB.

3.2 Major drains of Sahibi river

3.2.1 Major observations at 13 locations on Major drains of Sahibi river The BOD & COD distribution across the Major drains of Sahibi indicates widespread pollution loads entering the Sahibi river (Figures 10,11,12,13 & 14).

18 | P age• The Outfall of New Moti Nagar drain showed the highest BOD (514 mg/L) & COD (923 mg/L). • Nagloi Drain (438 mg/L), Outfall of Drain Nala (377 mg/L), and Nasirpur Link Drain (362 mg/L) also exhibited considerably higher BOD levels whereas higher COD levels were recorded for Outfall of Shakurbasti Drain (841 mg/L), Leg 3 Drain (742 mg/L), and Nagloi Drain (663 mg/L). In contrast, JJ Colony Drain and Pankha Road Drain exhibited comparatively lower BOD & COD concentrations.

• The highest TSS concentration was observed at Nasirpur Link Drain (577 mg/L), followed by Nagloi Drain (503 mg/L), Leg 1 Drain (481 mg/L), and the Outfall of New Moti Nagar (430 mg/L). • In contrast, Pankha Road Drain, Palam Drain, and JJ Colony Drain generally exhibited comparatively lower TSS levels, with several observations below the detection limit.

• The consistently high TSS levels in drains such as Leg 1 Drain, Ramesh Nagar Drain, Outfall of Drain Nala, Outfall of Shakurbasti Drain, and New Moti Nagar Outfall suggest inadequate removal of suspended solids and intermittent high-load discharges.

• The highest NH₃-N concentration (118 mg/L) was observed as an outlier at Nagloi Drain, while the Leg 1 drain recorded the highest routine concentrations (up to 64 mg/L). • Elevated NH₃-N levels were also observed at Leg 1 Drain, Leg 3 Drain, and Ramesh Nagar Drain suggesting intermittent discharge of ammonia-rich wastewater, whereas JJ Colony Drain exhibited comparatively lower concentrations. It is pertinent to mention that JJ Colony drain had flow only during monsoon season (July - October, 2025) indicating it carrying storm water runoff in the drain.

• Average BOD ranging from 9.5 mg/l (lowest at JJ Colony drain) and 232.4 mg/l (highest at Outfall of New Moti Nagar). Overall Average BOD of 13 locations monitored on Major Drains of Sahibi River is 129.52 mg/l.

• Average COD ranging from 28.5 mg/l (lowest at JJ Colony drain) and 551.8 mg/l (highest at Outfall of New Moti Nagar). Overall Average COD of 13 locations monitored on Major Drains of Sahibi River is 310.83 mg/l.

• Average TSS ranging from 47.27 mg/l (lowest at Pankha Road drain (NB7)) and 280.29 mg/l (highest at Leg 1 drain). Overall Average TSS of 13 locations monitored on Major Drains of Sahibi River is 171.33 mg/l.

• Average NH -N ranging from 3.5 mg/l (lowest at JJ Colony drain) and 43.8 mg/l (highest at Nagloi 3 drain (KB10)). Overall Average NH -N of 13 locations monitored on Major Drains of Sahibi River 3 is 27.71 mg/l.

• Average Faecal coliform ranging from 2.7 x107 MPN/ 100 ml (lowest at JJ Colony drain) and

1.84x1014 MPN/ 100 ml (highest at outfall of New Moti nagar).

Highest average values observed in Major drains of Sahibi River - BOD- 232.4 mg/l, COD- 551.8 mg/l and Faecal Coliform: 1.84 x 1014 MPN/ 100 ml at Outfall of New Moti Nagar.

19 | P age- TSS: 280.29 mg/l at Leg 1 drain. - NH -N: 43.8 mg/l at Nagloi drain (KB10) 3 Together with the elevated BOD, COD & TSS concentrations observed at these locations, the NH₃-N results confirm that several drains continue to discharge significant untreated or partially treated wastewater into the Sahibi river and consequently in Yamuna river, highlight the need for improving wastewater treatment, desilting, and enhancing biological treatment processes to achieve effective nitrification, and strengthening routine monitoring to reduce nutrient loading and protect river water quality.

Figure 10: BOD distribution at 13 monitoring locations on Major drains of Sahibi river Figure 11: COD distribution at 13 monitoring locations on Major drains of Sahibi river 20 | P ageFigure 12: TSS distribution at 13 monitoring locations on Major drains of Sahibi river Figure 13: Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 13 monitoring locations on Major drains of Sahibi river 21 | P ageMajor drains of Sahibi River - 13 Locations

600.00

551.80

486.43

500.00

394.67 393.86

378.42

400.00 341.50 331.00

306.17 309.43

268.67

300.00

232.40 210.29

156.50 160.43

200.00 138.42 168.92 137.86

123.67 112.00 140.25 134.17 116.50

100.00 39.50 53.75 28.50 29.23 30.06 32.00 30.63 38.08

9.50 19.39 25.55

0.00 34.67 22.60 29.64 21.14 43.80 3.50 )1 3 ( )2 B N ( n ia r d m a la P )2 3 ( )7 B N ( n ia r D d a o R a h k n a P )3 3 ( n ia r D r a g a n h s e m a R n ia r D r a g a N n a m e lu S ir a r iK)4 3 ( )2 1 B K ( )5 3 ( )0 1 B K ( n ia r D io lg a N )6 3 ( n ia r D y n o lo C JJ )7 3 ( )5 B N ( n ia r D k n iL r u p r is a N )8 3 ( a la N ila ir D fo lla ftu O )9 3 ( n ia r D its a b r u k a h S fo lla ftu )0 4 ( r a g a N it o M w e N fo lla ftu O )A 0 3 ( n ia r d 3 g e L )B 0 3 ( n ia r d 2 g e L )C 0 3 ( n ia r d 1 g e L O Average BOD (mg/l) Average COD (mg/l) Average NH3-N (mg/l) Figure 14: Average BOD, COD, TSS and Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 13 monitoring locations on Major drains of Sahibi river

3.2.2 On-site observations at 13 monitoring locations of Major drains of Sahibi River • The Leg 3 drain carries sewage of Vatika Chowk, Hero Honda Chowk & Gurugram Sector 99 and meets Sahibi River at the right bank. Leg 3 drain (near Daulatabad, Haryana) (sampling location

code: 30 A) was found untapped and having high flow in the drain. The drain was found flowing into 2 channels, one was informed to be carrying mixed effluent and another was informed to be carrying treated water from 03 STPs (capacities of 100 MLD, 68 MLD and 50 MLD) in Gurugram.

In October 2025, Leg 3 drain was found with white frothing and foamy water indicating organic pollution. In April 2026, the monitoring team found OCEMS installation under process by HSPCB.

22 | P age• Leg 2 drain is carrying domestic wastewater of Palam, Dwarka, Madhu Vihar, Dabri, Raj Nagar, Sadh Nagar, Mahavir Enclave, Hansraj Colony, and adjoining localities. Leg 2 drain (near Dharampur, Haryana) (sampling location code: 30 B) was found untapped and flowing into 3 channels with less flow. The information of each channels is not available. The sample was collected after the merging of 3 channels. Leg 2 drain is a concrete channel which lies in low lying peri-urban villages where runoff accumulates. No visible aquatic macro-phytes or fauna are present, which may reflect poor water quality and low dissolved oxygen levels. Dense vegetation on the banks of drain was observed. Also, high subsurface sludge observed in the drain channel. In April 2026, monitoring team observed discharge from nearby societies into the drain.

• Leg 1 drain is carrying domestic wastewater of DLF phase I & II, Udyog Vihar, Gurugram Sector 21,22,23 Palam Vihar, New Palam Vihar and Gurugram Sector-109 areas. Leg 1 drain (near Nanak Heri village/ Bajghera, Haryana) (sampling location code: 30 C) was found untapped and covered with concrete. Very less depth of drain water, brown and smelly water was observed. Solid waste dumping on the drain banks was observed. The team have found numerous flies of many kind swarming around the drain with foul smell which indicates presence of moist organic sludge. Animal waste from poultry and fishery observed near the drain. In April 2026, the drain was found choked with huge amount of solid waste just before confluence with sahibi river.

• The Palam Drain carries sewage and wastewater from a large catchment area of South-West Delhi, including Palam, Dwarka, Madhu Vihar, Dabri, Raj Nagar, Sadh Nagar, Mahavir Enclave, Hansraj Colony, and adjoining localities. The Palam drain (NB2) (sampling location code: 31) is 23 | P ageintercepted by an Interceptor Chamber of ~9.6 MGD capacity near Golf Course Road, Sector 23– 24, which diverts sewage to the Pappankalan STP for treatment, however, tapping arrangements were found submerged and non-functional since May 2025 hence inadequate. Sludge bulking and very less flow of drain water was observed at the sampling location. Huge piles of Solid waste were found dumped enroute to the tapping arrangement and also overflowing in the drain near confluence to Sahibi River. In February 2026, Sludge flocs were observed.

• Huge amount of solid waste disposal was observed all over the sampling location of the Pankha Road, including the confluence, tapping arrangements and Screens Drain (sampling location code:

32). The sampling location is very near to the confluence to Sahibi river and is the tapping point of Pankha road drain from where drain water is pumped to Nilothi STP. The tapping arrangement was found functional however, overflow was also observed. The screens installed on Pankha road drain near the confluence with Sahibi river were also found Non-Operational. Cleaning work of drain by the DJB staff was observed in February 2026. In March 2026, the drain water flow was not visible as the solid waste covered the drain surface completely and only a few patches without solid waste found, indicating very less flow. In April 2026, the drain water was found pumped to tapping arrangement, however, the operator was not available for providing information.

• Tapping arrangement was found inadequate and non-functional in the Ramesh nagar drain (sampling location code: 33). Hence all wastewater was found by-passing the tapping arrangement and discharging directly into the river Sahibi since May, 2025. Significant amount of solid waste at 24 | P agethe confluence, bar screens of the tapping arrangement choking and along the drain were observed.

Analysis results indicate the presence of untreated sewage. • High flow in the drain was observed at the sampling location of Kirari Suleman Nagar Drain (sampling location code: 34). The drain was reported to be tapped to Nilothi STP and carried discharge of its treated sewage also. In March 2026, no overflow above the tapping arrangement was found. DJB reported that the flow channel meeting the Kirari Suleman drain at the downstream of tapping arrangement is STP outlet carrying treated sewage. However, the treated water had no visible treatment and had formation of foam downstream. Out of the 5 screens installed before tapping arrangement, 2 were found missing. Also, huge sludge deposition upstream of the tapping arrangement was observed. Repair work may be undertaken for screens and desilting of drain at tapping point may also be undertaken. One unauthorized sewage disposal point was found on left drain bank downstream of the sampling location. Solid waste has been found at the sampling location. In April 2026, overflow above the tapping arrangement was found. Also, lesser flow of treated water was found at STP outlet channel during the monitoring in comparison to last month.

• The Nagloi Drain (sampling location code: 35) is tapped but overflow has been observed in June, September, October, November 2025 and January 2026, when the tapping is non-operational during the visit, hence samples were collected. Blackish turbid water and Solid waste accumulation in drain U/s tapping arrangement were also observed. In March 2026, previously accumulated solid waste has been found removed. Also, bar screens installed at intake found clear of any solid waste.

25 | P age• The JJ Colony drain (sampling location code: 36) has been found dry and fully covered with solid waste in the drain till confluence. Flow was observed in the monsoon season (July, 2025 to October,

2025) only. The team reported this drain as Western Yamuna canal. In March 2026, the tapping arrangement was found constructed but non-functional. The drain was found filled with solid waste and the cleaning activity was ongoing. Also, the drain had stagnant flow condition. Therefore, sampling was not performed. In April 2026, the drain was found dry and full of solid waste.

• Nasirpur Link Drain (NB5) (sampling location code: 37) waste water was visually observed dark yellow colour. This drain was passes beneath the Dabri-Dwarka road and appears at only Tiranga chowk. In past monitoring’s, teams have observed natural vegetation on both sides of this drain, which may be contributing to high nutrients concentration and significant pollution with organic material. Also, solid waste was found dumped in and around the drain along with human faecal matter. Since February 2026, team has reported foul smell of human faeces and dead animals. In March 2026, plastic waste burning near the sampling point was also observed.

26 | P age• Outfall of Driali Nala (sampling location code: 38) has tapping arrangement but has been found defunct and submerged since May, 2025. Also, the tapping arrangement is not yet handed over to DJB till monitoring date. The mechanical screens were installed at tapping point but non-functional.

Therefore, untreated and unscreened wastewater is being directly discharged in the Sahibi River from Outfall of Driali Nala. In January, 2026, the joint team reported pumping of untreated sewage using 50 HP pump from Shastri nagar. Municipal garbage, debris and solid waste found dumped along the drain nearby sampling point and before confluence.

• Municipal waste, domestic garbage and plastic waste were found covering the drain at Outfall of

Shakurbasti Drain sampling location code: 39. Dark greyish-black coloured wastewater observed at this sampling point. Characteristics of waste water indicates mixing of industrial effluent with domestic sewage.

27 | P age• Higher BOD and COD contribution from the Outfall of Moti Nagar drain observed which may be due to the discharge of effluent from the Kirti Nagar industrial area. Significant amount of municipal

solid waste was observed along the drain and bank of Sahibi River at sampling location code: 40.

The drain was reported untapped and directly discharge of untreated water through the drain meets with Sahibi River. The team observed water hyacinth B/C of Outfall of Moti nagar drain.

3.2.3 Solid Waste observed near sampling locations and Inadequate Tapping arrangements on Major drains of Sahibi River • Solid waste (municipal/ demolition/ plastic) dumped in drains had been found at the following locations of Major drains of Sahibi River, given as Table 4.

Table 4: Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Major drains of Sahibi River Location Code Location Name 30 B Leg 2 drain 31 Palam drain (NB2) 32 Pankha Road Drain (NB7) 33 Ramesh nagar Drain 34 Kirari Suleman Nagar Drain (KB12) 36 J J Colony Drain 37 Nasirpur Link Drain (NB5) 38 Outfall of Driali Nala in Sahibi River 39 Outfall of Shakurbasti Drain in Sahibi River 40 Outfall of New Moti Nagar • Tapping arrangement had been found inadequate at the following locations of Major drains of Sahibi River, given as Table 5.

Table 5: Inadequate Tapping arrangements on Major drains of Sahibi River Location Code Location Name Tapping Status 31 Palam drain (NB2) Submerged and Non-functional 32 Pankha road drain Functional but screens installed are non-operational and Solid waste observed all over the tapping point 33 Ramesh nagar Drain Non-functional (overflow) Also, bar screens choked with solid waste 28 | P age34 Kirari Suleman Nagar Functional but overflow. Also, huge sludge deposited up Drain (KB12) stream of tapping arrangement and screens broken 35 Nagloi Drain (KB10) Functional but inadequate due to overflow observed in June, September, October, November 2025 and January 2026 36 J J Colony Drain Tapping arrangement constructed but non-functional 38 Outfall of Driali Nala in Tapping arrangement constructed but not handed over to Sahibi River DJB. And, now defunct and submerged.

3.2.4 Action proposed w.r.t. monitoring locations of Major drains of Sahibi River i. Elevated average BOD, COD, TSS, NH₃-N and Faecal Coliform levels were observed in Outfall of New Moti Nagar, Nagloi drain (KB10) and Leg 1 drain, indicating disposal of untreated sewage and industrial effluent.

ii. MCD and other local bodies shall remove solid waste along drain banks at location codes 30 B, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, and 40, and DJB shall repair and ensure proper functioning of tapping arrangements at location codes 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, and 38 to enhance pollution load control.

iii. DPCC shall submit findings of drains pollution source mapping to CPCB.

3.3 Interstate drains of Sahibi river

3.3.1 Major observations at 09 locations on Interstate drains of Sahibi river All the parameters showed considerable spatial variability in the Interstate drains of Sahibi river (Figures 15, 16, 17, 18 & 19).

• Mandauri Drain recorded the highest BOD (825 mg/L) & COD concentration (2212 mg/L), followed by Mungeshpur L. Drain before entering Delhi (BOD- 557 mg/L; COD- 1482 mg/L) and New Drain A/C of Alipur link drain and drain no. 6 (BOD- 314 mg/L; COD- 664 mg/L).

• The highest TSS concentrations (1082 mg/L) were recorded for New Drain A/C of Alipur link drain and drain no. 6 followed by Mungeshpur L. Drain before entering Delhi (722 mg/L) and Mandauri Drain (556 mg/L), indicating substantial particulate pollution.

• In contrast, Mungeshpur Drain A/C Bhupania Chhudania Drain and the entry point of Bhupania Chhudania Drain exhibited comparatively lower BOD, COD & TSS concentrations. • The exceptionally high COD values relative to BOD indicate the likely presence of significant non- biodegradable or industrial contaminants. Higher TSS levels suggest high-load discharges, possibly associated with untreated sewage, storm water inflows or sediment-laden runoff.

• The Ammonical nitrogen concentrations in the Interstate drains indicate moderate nutrient pollution, with generally lower variability than that observed for BOD, COD, and TSS. • The highest NH₃-N concentration (106 mg/L) was recorded as an isolated outlier at Drain No. 6 (Location code- 43), followed by New Drain A/C of Alipur link drain and drain no. 6 (84 mg/L) and New Drain B/C of supplementary drain (71 mg/L).

29 | P age• The occurrence of isolated high NH₃-N concentrations suggests intermittent discharge of untreated sewage or ammonia-rich wastewater. • Mandauri Drain exhibited the highest routine NH₃-N concentrations, whereas Mungeshpur L. Drain before entering Delhi generally recorded the lowest levels, with several observations below the detection limit.

• Although NH₃-N levels were comparatively lower than the organic pollution indicators, their presence, together with elevated BOD, COD, and TSS concentrations, confirms the continued discharge of untreated or partially treated wastewater into the Yamuna. Mandauri drain recorded higher BOD, COD, TSS and NH -N values consistently.

3 • Average BOD ranging from 35.75 mg/l (lowest at Mungeshpur drain A/C Bhupania Chhudania drain (NB9) near Nilwal) and 247.56 mg/l (highest at Mandauri Drain (upstream of Mungeshpur drain near Auchandi Border)). Overall Average BOD of 09 locations monitored on Interstate Drains of Sahibi River is 98.6 mg/l.

• Average COD ranging from 118.25 mg/l (lowest at Mungeshpur drain A/C of Bhupania Chhudania drain (NB9) near Nilwal) and 594.56 mg/l (highest at Mandauri Drain (upstream of Mungeshpur drain near Auchandi Border)). Overall Average COD of 09 locations monitored on Interstate Drains of Sahibi River is 268.87 mg/l.

• Average TSS ranging from 54.29 mg/l (lowest at Entry point of Bhupania Chhudania drain into Delhi) and 306.64 mg/l (highest at New Drain (AB7) A/C of Alipur Link Drain and Drain No.6).

Overall Average TSS of 09 locations monitored on Interstate Drains of Sahibi River is 157.77 mg/l. • Average NH -N ranging from 12.91 mg/l (lowest at Entry point of Bhupania Chhudania drain into 3 Delhi) and 31.77 mg/l (highest at Drain No. 6 (Delhi-Haryana Border) near Narela). Overall Average NH -N of 09 locations monitored on Interstate Drains of Sahibi River is 21.3 mg/l.

3 • Average Faecal coliform ranging from 9.42x108 MPN/ 100 ml (lowest at Mungeshpur drain (re- entry, 2nd entry) into Delhi) and 2.0x1015 MPN/ 100 ml (highest levels recorded at the Mandauri Drain (upstream of Mungeshpur drain near Auchandi Border).

Highest average values observed in Interstate drains of Sahibi River - BOD: 195.25 mg/l, COD: 546.63 mg/l and Faecal Coliform: 2 x1015 MPN/ 100 ml at Mandauri drain (upstream of Mungeshpur drain near Auchandi Border) - TSS: 306.64 mg/l at New Drain (AB7) A/C of Alipur Link Drain and Drain No.6 - NH -N: 31.77 mg/l at Drain No. 6 (Border of Delhi-Haryana) 3 30 | P ageFigure 15: BOD distribution at 09 monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi river Figure 16: COD distribution at 09 monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi river 31 | P ageFigure 17: TSS distribution at 09 monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi river Figure 18: Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 09 monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi river 32 | P ageInterstate drains of Sahibi River - 09 Locations

700.00

594.56

600.00

500.00

418.18

400.00

288.27

257.09

300.00 228.67 247.56

173.00 221.00

200.00 118.25 152.91 120.86

82.29

85.64 78.67 104.55

100.00 60.08

35.75 17.50 31.77 26.29 18.65 25.29 40.00 20.66

24.07

0.00 14.60 12.91 C / A n ia r D r u p h s e g n u Mn ia r D a in a r u h C a in a p u B)1 4 ( )la w liN r a e n ( )9 B N ( e r o fe b n ia r D r u p h s e g n u Mr a e N ( a n a y r a H g n ir e t n e)2 4 ( )r u p m a z iN a n a y r a H -ih le D ( 6 .o N n ia r D)3 4 ( )a le r a N r a e n r e d r o B fo C / A )7 B A ( n ia r D w e Nn ia r D d n a n ia r D k n iL r u p ilA)4 4 ( 6 .o N o t C / B )7 B A ( n ia r D w e N)5 4 ( n ia r D y r t a n e m e lp p u S e r o fe b n ia r D .L r u p h s e g n u M)6 4 ( ih le D g n ir e t n e m a e r ts p U ( n ia r d ir u a d n a Mr a e n n ia r d r u p h s e g n u M fo)7 4 ( )r e d r o B id n a h c u A a in a p u h B fo tn io P y r tn Eo t n i )9 B N ( n ia r d a in a r u h C)A 1 4 ( ih le D ,y r tn e -e r ( n ia r d r u p h s e g n u M)A 6 4 ( ih le D o tn i )y r t n e d n 2 Average BOD (mg/l) Average COD (mg/l) Average NH3-N (mg/l) Figure 19: Average BOD, COD and Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 09 monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi river

3.3.2 On-site observations at 09 monitoring locations on Interstate drains of Sahibi River • The Mungeshpur Drain originates near Kharkhoda in Sonipat, Haryana. It carries storm water and is known to receive discharges from industrial areas situated in Haryana such as Ferozpur Bangar, which has led to significant pollution concerns. The Mungeshpur drain catchment has many industrial areas located in Haryana and Delhi.

• The sampling location code: 41 is Mungeshpur drain after confluence with Bhupania Chhudania drain (near Nilwal). Mungeshpur drain is reported untapped, carrying blackish colour water and has municipal solid waste disposal at the bank of drain. In April 2026, the monitoring team reported that a discharge point of domestic untreated sewage was observed immediately upstream of the sampling location on right bank. The wastewater has brown colour and more flow than last month. increased sludge deposition and lesser water flow was observed. Oil and grease was also found near the drain banks.

33 | P age• The Bhupania Chhudania drain/ KCB drain originates in the vicinity of the village Bhupania, which is in the Bahadurgarh tehsil of Jhajjar district. It's part of the larger drainage system that ultimately flows into the Sahibi River. The drain likely receives water from various smaller drains and channels in the area before joining to the Sahibi River.

• Bhupania Chhudania drain is also called as KCB drain and it originates from Rohtak. The sampling

location code: 41 A is Bhupania Chhudania drain, just before confluence with Mungeshpur drain.

The drain was found stagnant, untapped and being used for irrigation by local farmer. The characteristics shows that drain may be carrying domestic sewage. Huge Eutrophication was found in the drain indicating discharge of nutrient-rich water in the upstream of the sampling location. This also resulted in very less flow visible at the sampling location. The drain water was found being used for irrigation purposes by nearby farmers. In April 2026, the water flow was observed very less. Also, eutrophication has increased in comparison to the last month.

• Mungeshpur drain enters from the Auchandi Border from Haryana state and travels around 20.5 Km distance within the Delhi till Nizampur. At Mungeshpur Drain before entering Delhi (Near Nizampur) (sampling location code: 42), blue-black coloured water and solid-waste segregation activities were observed. The drain is reported as stagnant, untapped and carrying water with colour 40 Hazen. However, agricultural activities were also observed at both the banks of drain. Due to huge fencing and concrete angle at drain banks, the sampling was performed at risk by climbing the concrete angle. In March 2026, Dead animal was found in the drain floating. Also, flies and foul smell was observed in the drain. In April 2026, a few patches of Eutrophication were observed in the drain.

• As per the graphical representation of analysis results, the drain quality improves after entering Delhi, which may be due to the treated effluent received from 36 MLD STP Najafgarh road and confluence of Bhupania Chhudania drain (which carries water from JLN feeder channel, Rohtak).

34 | P age• Mungeshpur drain covers around 5.4 Km distance within the Haryana state before re-entry into Delhi. This stretch of Mungeshpur drain has contribution of wastewater from Bahadurgarh City, MIE Part A and Part B industrial areas. At Mungeshpur drain re-entry into Delhi (sampling location

code: 46 A), the drain water was observed blackish and with less flow. The sampling location lies within the Haryana state and 100m away from Delhi-Haryana Border because at Delhi-Haryana Border, there is an outlet of STP Bahadurgarh. There is plastic waste segregation site adjacent to sampling location which has contribution in the solid waste disposal in the sub-stratum of the drain.

In February 2026, de-silting of drain was ongoing hence samples were collected at approximately 1 Km downstream of sampling location. In April 2026, the drain water was observed blackish and with very less flow and excessive sludge settled in the drain sides indicating very less water depth also in comparison to the last month.

• At sampling location code: 43, Solid waste disposal and turbid water were observed in Drain no.

6. The analysis results indicate presence of industrial effluents in Drain no. 6 however, the drain is reported untapped. In October 2025, blackish water was found flowing in the drain and smell indicating presence of H S. In March 2026, earlier disposed solid waste has been found removed, 2 however fresh disposed solid waste observed on left bank as well as on nearby vacant land at right bank. In March 2026, rainfall occurred on the previous night of sample collection. However, the drain was having dark bluish coloured turbid water. In April 2026, the monitoring team reported solid waste especially rotten fruit waste was dumped close to drain indicating slightly H2S smell.

35 | P age• Drain No. 6 originate near the Chulkana railway crossing in Samalkha, Panipat. It flows south, primarily carrying treated and untreated effluents from various sources in Sonipat district, Haryana state before entering Delhi at Narela. Alipur Link drain (or Bawana Escape drain) originates from Bawana, Delhi and many drains discharge into this drain. New drain (AB7) is formed after the confluence of Alipur Link drain and Drain No. 6. which further confluence with Supplementary drain.

• Turbid water has been observed in New Drain (AB7) A/C of Alipur Link Drain and Drain No.6 (sampling location code: 44), indicating presence of industrial effluents in the drain. In October 2025 and April 2026, blackish water was found flowing in the New drain and green weed growth was observed on the drain banks.

• Turbid water has been observed in New Drain (AB7) B/C to Supplementary Drain (sampling

location code: 45), indicating disposal of Bhalswa dumping site runoff into the New Drain (AB7).

The tapping provision was found, however, non-functional during the visit and overflow was observed. In October 2025, weed growth along the banks and massive solid waste transportation activities were found near dumping site. In March 2026, rainfall occurred on the previous night of sample collection. However, the drain was having blackish water was observed in drain. Disposal of landfill leachate was also observed. Desilting using excavator going on at the upstream of sampling location. In April 2026, oil and grease was appearing on the surface of drain water containing blackish water.

36 | P age• At Mungeshpur L. Drain before entering Delhi (sampling location code: 46), Sludge in drain bottom was observed with very less flow near confluence were observed in past monitoring. In January 2026, visibly clear water observed however, analysis results indicate presence of sewage.

In March and April 2026, sludge removed from drain found dumped along the drain. The appearance of drain was blackish. • The drain was having solid waste and dark coloured effluent near sampling point of Mandauri Drain (upstream of Mungeshpur drain near Auchandi Border) (sampling location code: 47). Metallic colour observed in Mandauri drain near Jataula village in Haryana. In January 2026, the drain water was reported as viscous, floating oil & grease, acidic. Also, extremely high analytical values indicate discharge of untreated effluents from industrial units located at upstream side. The similar analysis results were obtained in September 2025 and the same were not considered due to possibility of collection of sludge during sampling. In March 2026, the drain was observed visibly muddy turbid and floating oil & grease. In April 2026, a significant amount of plastic waste was deposited upstream, blocking the drain.

37 | P age3.3.3 Solid Waste observed near sampling locations and Inadequate Tapping arrangements on Interstate drains of Sahibi River • Solid waste (municipal/ demolition/ plastic) dumped in drains had been found at the following locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi River, given as Table 6.

Table 6: Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Interstate drains of Sahibi River Location Code Location Name 41 Mungeshpur drain A/C of Bhupania Chhudania Drain (NB9) (Near Nilwal) 43 Drain No. 6 (Delhi-Haryana Border) near Narela 46 (A) Mungeshpur drain (re-entry, 2nd entry) into Delhi • Tapping arrangement had been found inadequate at the following location of Interstate drains of Sahibi River, given as Table 7.

Table 7: Inadequate Tapping arrangements on Interstate drains of Sahibi River Location Code Location Name Tapping Status 45 New Drain (AB7) B/C to Supplementary Drain Non-functional (overflow)

3.3.4 Action proposed w.r.t. monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi River i. Elevated BOD, COD, TSS, NH₃-N and Faecal Coliform levels were observed in Mandauri drain, Drain No. 6 and; New Drain (AB7) A/C Alipur Link Drain and Drain No.6, indicating disposal of untreated sewage and industrial effluent.

ii. HSPCB shall conduct detailed mapping of these drains to identify pollution sources and implement remedial measures to reduce pollution load, while MCD shall remove solid waste along drain banks at location codes 41, 42, and 46 (a) and DJB shall repair and ensure proper functioning of the tapping arrangement at location code 45 for efficient pollution load control.

iii. HSPCB and DPCC shall submit an ATR on all actions undertaken.

3.4 Supplementary drain of Sahibi River

3.4.1 Major observations at 06 locations on supplementary drain of Sahibi river Supplementary Drain is a second-order drain of the Yamuna River. It originates at Kakrola More, flows parallel to the Sahibi River for approximately 9 kilometres up to Keshopur, and then merge with the Sahibi River near Wazirabad Bridge (Figures 20, 21, 22, 23 & 24).

• The BOD & COD concentrations in the supplementary drain indicate moderate to high pollution loads. A/C of New Drain (AB7) recorded the highest observed BOD (197 mg/L and 135 mg/L) & COD concentration (382 mg/L and 375 mg/L) reflecting intermittent discharge of high-strength wastewater.

• A/C of Burari Creek, A/C of Toe Drain & Jagatpur Link Drain and the Outfall of Supplementary Drain at Kakrola More also exhibited elevated BOD & COD levels.

38 | P age• In contrast, A/C of Nagloi Drain consistently exhibited the lowest BOD & COD concentrations. The higher COD values relative to BOD at several locations suggest the presence of non-biodegradable organic matter in addition to biodegradable sewage.

• The highest TSS concentrations in the supplementary drain were recorded for A/C of Toe Drain (560 mg/L), followed by A/C of New Drain (504 mg/L) and A/C of Burari Creek (357 mg/L), reflecting substantial particulate pollution loads.

• In contrast, the Outfall of Supplementary Drain at Kakrola More and A/C of Nagloi Drain generally exhibited comparatively lower TSS concentrations. • The consistently high TSS levels in Locations - 25 and 26, together with the large fluctuations observed in Location- 24, suggest inadequate solids removal and intermittent discharge of sediment- laden wastewater.

• The Ammonical nitrogen concentrations in the supplementary drain indicate generally moderate nutrient pollution, with lower variability than that observed for BOD, COD and TSS. • The highest NH₃-N concentration (54 mg/L) was recorded as an isolated outlier at A/C of Kirari Suleman Nagar Drain, followed by A/C of Nagloi Drain (47 mg/L).

• In contrast, the Outfall of Supplementary Drain at Kakrola More consistently exhibited the lowest NH₃-N concentrations, while A/C of New Drain maintained relatively stable and lower values. • Although most routine observations remained within a moderate range, the occurrence of isolated high NH₃-N concentrations at A/C Kirari Suleman nagar drain (32 mg/L) indicates intermittent discharge of ammonia-rich wastewater and incomplete nitrification.

• Average BOD ranging from 26.08 mg/l (lowest at A/C of Nagloi drain (KB10)) and 59.92 mg/l (highest in Supplementary Drain A/C of Toe drain (AB17) and Jagatpur Link drain (AB13)). Overall Average BOD of 06 locations monitored on Supplementary Drain is 46.54 mg/l.

• Average COD ranging from 86 mg/l (lowest at A/C of Nagloi drain (KB10)) and 165.83 mg/l (highest in Supplementary Drain A/C of New Drain (AB7)). Overall Average COD of 06 locations monitored on Supplementary Drain is 126.56 mg/l.

• Average TSS ranging from 43.91 mg/l (lowest at Outfall of Supplementary Drain at Kakrola More) and 277.42 mg/l (highest in Supplementary Drain A/C of Toe drain (AB17) and Jagatpur Link drain

(AB13)). Overall Average TSS of 06 locations monitored on Supplementary Drain is 145.6 mg/l. • Average NH -N ranging from 7.85 mg/l (lowest at Outfall of Supplementary Drain at Kakrola More) 3 and 20.23 mg/l (highest in Supplementary Drain A/C of Kirari Suleman Nagar drain (KB12)).

Overall Average NH -N of 06 locations monitored on Supplementary Drain is 16.02 mg/l.

3 • Average Faecal coliform ranging from 1.47x106 MPN/ 100 ml (lowest at Outfall of Supplementary Drain at Kakrola More) and 1.62x1011 MPN/ 100 ml (highest in Supplementary Drain A/C of New Drain).

39 | P ageHighest average values observed in Supplementary drain - BOD- 59.92 mg/l, COD- 165.83 mg/l and Faecal Coliform- 1.62 x 1011 MPN/ 100ml at A/C of New Drain (AB7) - TSS- 277.42 mg/l at A/C of Toe Drain (AB17) and Jagatpur Link Drain (AB13) - NH -N- 20.23 mg/l at A/C of Kirari Suleman Nagar Drain (KB12) 3 Figure 20: BOD distribution at 06 locations on Supplementary drain of Sahibi river Figure 21: COD distribution at 06 locations on Supplementary drain of Sahibi river 40 | P ageFigure 22: TSS distribution at 06 locations on Supplementary drain of Sahibi river Figure 23: Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 06 locations on Supplementary drain of Sahibi river 41 | P ageSupplementary drain - 06 Locations

180.00 165.83

147.58

160.00

133.00

140.00 117.50

109.42

120.00

100.00 86.00

80.00 57.50 53.17 59.92

60.00 39.33 43.25

40.00 26.08

20.23 14.93 18.01 17.22

20.00 17.87

7.85

0.00 n ia r D y r a t n e m e lp p u S fo lla ftu O)1 2 ( e r o M a lo r k a K t a r a g a N n a m e lu S ir a r iK fo C / A)2 2 ( )2 1 B K ( n ia r D )0 1 B K ( n ia r D io lg n a N fo C / A)3 2 ( )4 2 ( )7 B A ( n ia r D w e N fo C / A )5 2 ( )5 B A ( k e e r C ir a r u B fo C / A d n a )7 1 B A ( n ia r D e o T fo C / A)6 2 ( )3 1 B A ( n ia r D k n iL r u p t a g a J Average BOD (mg/l) Average COD (mg/l) Average NH3-N (mg/l) Figure 24: Average BOD, COD and Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 06 locations on Supplementary drain of Sahibi river

3.4.2 On-site observations at 06 monitoring locations on Supplementary drain • At the starting point of supplementary drain (sampling location code: 21), the drain has been observed stagnant, having foul smell of decomposing organic matter, slightly green coloured water indicating the presence of phytoplankton, floatable plastic waste and having solid waste dumped along the drain and huge growth of water hyacinth present in the drain resulting in eutrophication.

Overflow of Mungeshpur drain meeting Supplementary drain at its starting point due to close proximity. Supplementary drain carries overflow of Mungeshpur drain, however, Supplementary drain has not received wastewater from Mungeshpur drain in the recent past. In April 2026, increased eutrophication in the drain was found. Solid waste dumped in the drain sub-stratum was also observed.

42 | P age• A/C Kirari Suleman Nagar Drain at Supplementary Drain (sampling location code: 22), the team observed the colour of Supplementary Drain as blackish and significant amount of solid waste and floatable materials dumped (plastic, small sachets/wrappers etc.) along the drain at both banks since May, 2025. Also, significant growth of water hyacinth and solid waste in sub-stratum of drain were observed in the drain. The drain was observed having sludge bulking at the sampling location and sludge deposition upstream of sampling location. In March 2026, Foul smell and numerous flies were observed near the sampling location. Also, drain water flow was observed less. In April 2026, desilting of the drain was observed and desilted material was found dumped on the drain banks. This sampling location lies on the bridge and the same has no dedicated opening available for sampling purpose.

• Slightly turbid water was observed in Supplementary drain after confluence with Nagloi drain (sampling location code: 23) In April 2026, the monitoring team observed that drain has low flow and carrying domestic wastewater from the adjacent areas. The appearance of drain was blackish brown. Also, weed growth along the both bank of drain was observed.

• High silt load and turbid water were physically observed A/C New Drain at Supplementary Drain (sampling location code: 24) and A/C Burari Creek (AB5) at Supplementary Drain (sampling

location code: 25). The same was supported by the elevated levels of analytical parameter, TSS.

43 | P age• The analysis results at sampling location code: 24 indicate contamination from untreated effluents/ leachate from landfill site. A drain carrying dairy waste joins immediate downstream of this location at left bank. Drain appearance was observed brown and water hyacinth found floating on the surface.

• Turbid water was also observed at sampling location code: 25 and the analysis results indicate presence of sewage. In March 2026, Desilting using excavator going on at the upstream of sampling location, however, excavated sludge found dumped on the banks of the drain. Drain appearance was observed brown and water hyacinth found floating on the surface.

• At sampling location code: 26, the Supplementary Drain was found untapped. Waste water characteristics indicate the presence of diluted sewage.

3.4.3 Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Supplementary drain • Solid waste (municipal/ demolition/ plastic) dumped in drain at the following locations of Supplementary drain, given as Table 8.

44 | P ageTable 8- Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Supplementary drain Location Code Location Name 21 Outfall of Supplementary Drain at Kakrola More 22 A/C Kirari Suleman Nagar Drain (KB12) at Supplementary Drain

3.4.4 Action proposed w.r.t. monitoring locations of Supplementary drain i. Elevated average BOD, COD, TSS, NH₃-N and Faecal coliform levels were observed in the Supplementary Drain after confluence of New Drain (AB7) and Kirari Suleman Nagar Drain (KB12) indicating discharge of untreated sewage and industrial effluent.

ii. MCD and other local bodies shall remove solid waste along drain banks at location codes 21 and

22. iii. DPCC shall submit findings of drains pollution source mapping to CPCB.

3.5 Shahdara drain network The schematic diagram of Shahdara drainage network is shown in Figure. 19. The central stretches of the drain system (Locations 52–55) experience considerable organic pollution, with Location 55 (Sahibabad drain at Delhi-UP Border near Ghazipur Poultry Mandi) being the most critically affected with maximum BOD 438 mg/L. In contrast, Location 51 (Shahdara outfall drain (TY3) before entering UP) represents the least organic load with maximum BOD concentrations up to 211 mg/L. Although some reduction is observed at the confluence (Location 56), but BOD levels remain elevated, reflecting persistent impacts of untreated domestic and industrial wastewater on the drain network. Among interstate drains, Locations 61, 62 & 66 carry ample organic load with BOD concentrations exceeding 300 mg/L. whereas Location 64 showed comparatively lower and more stable BOD concentrations.

3.5.1 Major observations at 06 locations on Shahdara drain The distribution of BOD, COD, TSS and Ammonical Nitrogen along the Shahdara drain and its associated interstate drains indicated substantial organic load (Figures 26, 27, 28, 29 & 30).

• The central stretches of the drain system (Locations 52–55) exhibited considerably higher pollution load, with Location 55 (Sahibabad drain at Delhi-UP Border near Ghazipur Poultry Mandi) being the most critically affected with maximum BOD- 438 mg/L & COD-1003 mg/L.

• Both the locations on Ghazipur Drain - Locations 53 and 54- showed consistently high COD levels, reflecting sustained pollution. In contrast, Location 51 (Shahdara outfall drain (TY3) before entering UP) represents the least load with maximum BOD concentrations up to 211 mg/L.

• Ghazipur Drain (TY4) A/C of Vinod Nagar Drain (Location 54) recorded the maximum TSS concentration (651 mg/L), indicating substantial particulate matter inputs from municipal and industrial discharges.

45 | P age• The confluence of Trunk Drain no. 1 and Trunk drain no. 2 (Location 56) recorded comparatively lower COD and TSS concentrations, although occasional elevated values were observed indicating either reduced pollutant inputs or dilution by incoming flows.

• Ghazipur drain (TY4) A/C of Vinod Nagar drain (Location 54) recorded the highest NH -N 3 concentration (48 mg/L), indicating significant fluctuations in untreated domestic wastewater inputs.

However, Shahdara drain at Location- 56 has lowest recorded NH -N concentration (37 mg/L) 3 indicating major pollution source of nutrients between Locations 54 and 56.

Figure 25. Schematic Diagram of Shahdara drainage network (BOD range observed at various locations during May, 2025- April, 2026) 46 | P age• Average BOD ranging from 95.42 mg/l (lowest at Confluence of Trunk drain no. 1 and Trunk drain no. 2) and 219.33 mg/l (highest at Ghazipur Drain (TY4) A/C of Vinod Nagar Drain). Overall Average BOD of 06 locations monitored on Shahdara Drain is 160.87 mg/l.

• Average COD ranging from 224.75 mg/l (lowest at Confluence of Trunk drain no. 1 and Trunk drain no. 2) and 464.67 mg/l (highest at Ghazipur Drain (TY4) A/C of Vinod Nagar Drain). Overall Average COD of 06 locations monitored on Shahdara Drain is 371.6 mg/l.

• Average TSS ranging from 145.75 mg/l (lowest at Confluence of Trunk drain no. 1 and Trunk drain no. 2) and 338.33 mg/l (highest at Ghazipur Drain (TY4) A/C of Vinod Nagar Drain). Overall Average TSS of 06 locations monitored on Shahdara Drain is 241.86 mg/l.

• Average NH -N ranging from 30.07 mg/l (lowest at Ghazipur drain A/C Sahibabad drain& B/C with 3 Shahdara Link drain (TY5)) and 36.03 mg/l (highest at Ghazipur Drain (TY4) A/C of Vinod Nagar Drain). Overall Average NH -N of 06 locations monitored on Shahdara Drain is 32.05 mg/l.

3 • Average Faecal coliform ranging from 5.65x109 MPN/ 100 ml (lowest at Confluence of Trunk drain no. 1 and Trunk drain no. 2) and 1.02x1014 MPN/ 100 ml (highest at Shahdara Link drain (TY5) B/C to Ghazipur Drain).

Highest average values observed in Shahdara drain - BOD- 219.33 mg/l, COD- 464.67 mg/l, TSS- 338.33 mg/l and NH -N- 36.03 mg/l at Ghazipur Drain 3

(TY4) A/C of Vinod Nagar Drain. - Faecal Coliform: 1.02 x 1014 MPN/100 ml at Shahdara Link drain (TY5) B/C to Ghazipur Drain) Figure 26: BOD distribution at 06 locations on Shahdara drain 47 | P ageFigure 27: COD distribution at 06 locations on Shahdara drain Figure 28: TSS distribution at 06 locations on Shahdara drain 48 | P ageFigure 29: Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 06 locations on Shahdara drain Shahdara drain - 06 Locations

500.00 464.67 453.55

450.00 385.82 397.33

400.00

350.00 303.50

300.00

219.33 224.75

250.00 197.55

175.82 163.08

200.00

114.00

150.00 95.42

100.00 30.77 30.07 36.03 33.01

50.00 31.40 31.05

0.00 )3 Y T ( n ia r d lla ft u o a r a d h a h S)1 5 ( P U g n ir e tn e e r o fe b C / B )5 Y T ( n ia r D k n iL a r a d h a h S)2 5 ( n ia r D r u p iz a h G o t fo C / A n ia r d r u p iz a h Gh tiw C / B & n ia r d d a b a b ih a S)3 5 ( )5 Y T ( n ia r D k n iL a r d h a h S fo c / A )4 Y T ( n ia r d r u p iz a h G)4 5 ( n ia r D r a g a N d o n iV P U -ih le D ta n ia r d d b a b a b ih a Sy r t lu o P r u p iz a h G r a e n r e d r o B)5 5 ( id n a M n ia r d k n u r T fo e c n e u lfn o c tA)6 5 ( 2 .o n n ia r d k n u r T d n a I .o n Average BOD (mg/l) Average COD (mg/l) Average NH3-N (mg/l) Figure 30: Average BOD, COD and Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 06 locations on Shahdara drain 49 | P age3.5.2 On-site observations at 06 monitoring locations on Shahdara drain • The Irrigation Canal flows parallel to Shahdara drain and by siphoning system, Shahdara drain passes underneath irrigation canal.

• Shahdara drain is not tapped, however, its sub- drains have tapping arrangements. • At Shahdara drain outfall (TY3) before entering UP (sampling location code: 51), huge solid waste at U/s of sampling point near chilla border was found. Also, desilted material from drain lying on the bank of drain was observed. In February 2026, the monitoring team observed drain water color black and foul odour around the drain. In April 2026, the drain water appeared extremely black.

• Sahibabad drain near Shaheed nagar metro station at GT Road (Uttar Pradesh) (sampling location

code: 66) was the u/s location of Shahdara Link Drain B/C to Ghazipur drain (sampling location

code: 52) till December, 2025 joint monitoring. Based on the survey conducted by CPCB officials on 19th January, 2026, Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) is not Sahibabad drain and its sampling location has been revised in Monthly Joint Monitoring from January 2026. And, the revised (sampling

location code: 52) location is finalized at (28.588921, 77.297554) as per the nomenclature. • Construction & Demolition waste and animal carcass were found disposed near sampling location

code: 52. The drain was reported to as untapped. In January 2026, the drain was observed having whitish colour and floating materials in the drain. In February 2026, the team has reported drain water appearance brown and municipal solid waste dumped in/ along the drain. In March 2026, Slightly milky water observed in the drain. The drain is domestic and mainly receives sewage from Pandav nagar and Mayur vihar area. In April 2026, drain water was black-brown in appearance.

50 | P age• At Ghazipur drain A/C of Sahibabad drain & B/C with Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) (sampling

location code: 53), Solid waste deposition was observed in drain channel substratum along with floating materials. In February and April 2026, the drain water was observed black and foul odour around the drain. Sahibabad drain meets Ghazipur drain at upstream of this location. In April 2026, the drain appeared highly polluted.

• The (sampling location code: 54) location is also revised by the Joint team and finalized at old

sampling location code: 55 as per the nomenclature. Solid waste was observed on the banks of the drain and in substratum of drain channel. Also, the drain water was found to be dark-coloured and with huge sludge quantity. In February 2026, the drain water was observed black and foul odour around the drain.

• Sahibabad drain carries waste water from industrial/commercial activities of Shaheed nagar- Sahibabad area (Uttar Pradesh) and domestic wastewater from residential areas of Ghaziabad. It passes adjacent to Ghazipur Landfill site and Murga Mandi.

• The (sampling location code: 55) location is also revised by the Joint team and finalized at old

sampling location code: 52 as per the nomenclature. • Sahibabad drain at Delhi-UP Border near Ghazipur Poultry Mandi (sampling location code: 55) location receives domestic effluent from Eastern Delhi and industrial effluent from Loni area of Ghaziabad (textile/ dyeing). It was reported to be tapped to 02 STPs, Indirapuram STP and Chilla STP. This sampling point is near Ghazipur dump site. Huge quantity of solid waste and animal waste were observed in and around the drain. The team had reported solid waste dumping from slaughter 51 | P agehouse and poultry markets near sampling location code: 55. Black drain water was observed by the monitoring teams. The monitoring team also reported that strong foul smell emanates from the drain and nearby areas.

• Near sampling location code: 56, solid waste dumping and sludge deposition in drain channel were observed. In January 2026, the drain was found receiving septage from left bank of sampling point.

In February 2026, drain water was observed black and foul smell near the sampling location. In April 2026, the analysis results show reduction in pollution into the drain. • The effects of dilution by rain water are observed in the Shahdara drain w.r.t., COD values at all sampling locations in August, 2025.

3.5.3 Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Shahdara drain • Solid waste (municipal/ demolition/ plastic) dumped in drain at the following locations of Shahdara drain, given as Table 9.

Table 9: Solid Waste observed near sampling locations on Shahdara drain Location Code Location Name 51 Shahdara outfall drain (TY3) before entering UP 52 Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) B/C to Ghazipur Drain 53 Ghazipur drain A/C of Sahibabad drain & B/C with Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) 54 Ghazipur drain A/C of Vinod nagar drain 55 Sahibabad drain at Delhi-UP Border near Ghazipur Poultry Mandi 56 At confluence of Trunk drain no. I and Trunk drain no. 2

3.5.4 Action proposed w.r.t. monitoring locations of Shahdara drain 52 | P age• Elevated average BOD, COD, TSS, NH₃-N levels were observed in Shahdara drain after confluence of Vinod Nagar Drain and Shahdara Link Drain (TY5), indicating discharge of untreated sewage and industrial effluent.

• UPPCB and DPCC shall conduct detailed mapping of these drains to identify pollution sources and implement remedial measures, while MCD and other local bodies shall remove solid waste along drain banks at location codes 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, and 56. DPCC shall take remedial actions based on the major observations of the monitoring teams.

• UPPCB and DPCC shall submit an ATR on all actions undertaken.

3.6 Interstate drains of Shahdara drain

3.6.1 Major observations at 06 locations on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain The data revealed considerable variation in all the parameters across the Karawal Nagar–Sahibabad drain network (Figures 31, 32, 33, 34 & 35).

• Location 66 (Sahibabad Drain near Shaheed Nagar Metro Station) is observed to be the most polluted location, with exceptionally high BOD (maximum 1040 mg/L), COD (maximum 1684 mg/L), TSS (maximum 1127 mg/L) and NH -N (maximum 59 mg/L) concentrations, suggesting 3 intense wastewater input from untreated domestic and industrial wastewater.

• Highest TSS concentrations (1168 mg/L) were observed at Location 63 (A/C of Escape drain TY9 with Trunk drain no. 1) followed by 1127 mg/L at Location 66 (Sahibabad drain at Shaheed nagar metro station near GT Road). It is pertinent to mention that possibility of episodic event at Location 63 exists due to elevated TSS values observed only during monsoon season (July- September, 2025) which significantly decreased since October, 2025.

• Location 64 exhibited the lowest and most consistent NH -N concentrations. Extreme outliers 3 occurred at 04 locations – 62, 64 & 66, suggesting occasional high-ammonia discharge events. • The isolated elevated NH₃-N concentration were recorded at Karawal Nagar drain near Shiv Vihar (Location code- 62) ranging from 27 mg/L to 60 mg/L.

• Highest NH₃-N concentration (51 mg/L) were recorded at Karawal Nagar drain (Location code- 61), followed by A/C of Escape drain I (TY9) with Trunk drain no. 1 (45 mg/L). • Average BOD ranging from 115.08 mg/l (lowest at Brahmpuri drain (Gokulpur drain) near SPS) and 393.25 mg/l (highest at Sahibabad drain near Shaheed nagar metro station at GT Road). Overall Average BOD of 06 locations monitored on Interstate drains of Shahdara Drain is 186.35 mg/l.

• Average COD ranging from 312.58 mg/l (lowest at Brahmpuri drain (Gokulpur drain) near SPS) and 858.67 mg/l (highest at Sahibabad drain near Shaheed nagar metro station at GT Road). Overall Average COD of 06 locations monitored on Interstate drains of Shahdara Drain is 446.29 mg/l.

• Average TSS ranging from 274.5 mg/l (lowest at Origin of Karawal nagar drain (TY6) Border of UP-Delhi) and 533.92 mg/l (highest at Sahibabad drain near Shaheed nagar metro station at GT 53 | P ageRoad). Overall Average TSS of 06 locations monitored on Interstate drains of Shahdara Drain is

383.49 mg/l. • Average NH -N ranging from 30.91 mg/l (lowest at Brahmpuri drain (Gokulpur drain) near SPS) 3 and 37.3 mg/l (highest at Sahibabad drain near Shaheed nagar metro station at GT Road). Overall Average NH -N of 06 locations monitored on Interstate drains of Shahdara Drain is 32.93 mg/l.

3 • Average Faecal coliform ranging from 5.05x1010 MPN/ 100 ml (lowest at Origin of Karawal nagar drain (TY6) Border of UP-Delhi) and 1.62x1013 MPN/ 100 ml (highest at Trunk drain no. 1 A/C of Escape drain I (TY9)).

Highest average values observed in Interstate drains of Shahdara drain - BOD- 393.25 mg/l, COD- 858.67 mg/l, TSS- 533.92 mg/l and NH -N- 37.3 mg/l at Sahibabad Drain 3 near Shaheed nagar metro station at GT Road.

- Faecal Coliform: 1.62 x1013 MPN/ 100 ml at Trunk drain no. 1 A/C of Escape drain I (TY9) The observed pattern suggested that untreated sewage, urban storm water runoff, industrial effluents, and accumulated sediments are the principal contributors of pollution in these drains. Locations 63, 64, and 66 should be prioritized for pollution control measures such as sewage interception and treatment, desilting of drains, erosion control, and regular monitoring to reduce suspended solid loads entering the river system.

Figure 31: BOD distribution at 06 locations on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain 54 | P ageFigure 32: COD distribution at 06 locations on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain Figure 33: TSS distribution at 06 locations on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain 55 | P ageFigure 34: Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 06 locations on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain Interstate drains of Shahdara drain - 06 Locations

1000.00

858.67

900.00

800.00

700.00

600.00 484.82

500.00 389.42 393.25

400.00 312.67 312.58 319.58

300.00 198.55

200.00 157.17 119.17 115.08 134.92

37.30

100.00 32.29 34.92 30.87 30.91 31.26

0.00 n ia r D r a g a N la w a r a K fo n ig ir o tA)1 6 ( )ih le D -P U fo r e d r o B ( )6 Y T ( v ih S r a e n n ia r D r a g a N la w a r a K)2 6 ( )r e d r o B P U -ih le D ( r a h iV h tiw )9 Y T ( I n ia r D e p a c s E fo C / A)3 6 ( 1 .o n n ia r d k n u r T r u p la k o G ( n ia r d ir u p m a h a r Bn ia r d ir u p m a h a r B r a e n )n ia r D)4 6 ( S P S T G fo C / A 1 .o N n ia r d k n u r T)5 6 ( n ia r d d a o R d e e h a h S r a e n n ia r d d a b a b ih a Sd a o R T G t a n o it a ts o r te m r a g a N)6 6 ( Average BOD (mg/l) Average COD (mg/l) Average NH3-N (mg/l) Figure 35: Average BOD, COD and Ammonical Nitrogen distribution at 06 locations on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain 56 | P age3.6.2 On-site observations at 06 monitoring locations on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain • At sampling location of Origin of Karawal Nagar Drain (TY6) (Border of UP-Delhi) (sampling

location code: 61), heavy plantation/ water hyacinth and stagnation zones observed with low flow reaching Delhi from UP. This may be the reason for contribution of high NH -N into the drain. The 3 drain receives flow from two channels from Loni area of Ghaziabad. The upstream of sampling

location code: 61 has contribution from small scale industries such as jeans dyeing, cow dung and Loni area industries such as Pharma, Textile etc. A gaushala is also located on the bank of drain d/s of the sampling point. Huge quantity of degradable solid waste was observed the drain edge near sampling point. The drain was reported as partially tapped to Yamuna vihar STP at Shiv Vihar IC with 2.5 MGD capacity, however, found non-functional during the visit and complete bypass was observed. In February 2026, the drain water was observed black and with foul odour. In April 2026, huge heaps of solid wastes were observed all along the drain and open burning of the solid wastes was also noticed near the sampling location.

• The drain at sampling location code: 62 was reported as tapped to Yamuna vihar STP at Shiv Vihar IC with 4.3 MGD capacity, however, found non-functional during the visit and complete bypass was observed. In January 2026, desludging of drain was being carried out and the same was found lying on the drain banks. Cow dung was found disposed on the drain banks and Household dairy/cattle rearing observed in the localities in UP and Delhi in the catchment of the drain near sampling point.

In February 2026, the drain water was observed black and with foul odour. In March 2026, Solid waste and silt was observed on the edge of drain in the entire stretch. In April 2026, extremely high 57 | P agepollution was observed in the drain. The drain water appeared black- blue and bubbles were observed at different patches indicating anaerobic reaction in the drain.

• At sampling location of A/C of Escape drain I (TY9) with Trunk drain no. 1 (sampling location

code: 63), discharge of treated sewage discharge from Yamuna Vihar STP into this drain was observed. In June 2025, direct discharge of untreated sewage was also observed. Solid waste and silt were found dumped on the drain banks. The catchment area of drain has reportedly small scale units working in dyeing & washing, PVC granules and e-waste recycling. In February 2026, the drain water was observed black and with foul odour.

• The previous (sampling location code: 64) location was on trunk drain no. 1 which was incorrect and hence, it has been revised by the Joint Monitoring team in January, 2026 and finalized at (28.67664, 77.271074) which is on the Gokulpur drain as per the nomenclature.

58 | P age• The location (sampling location code: 64) was reported to have huge solid waste in the drain channel U/s of sampling point, as a screen is installed at SPS inlet. The drain was reported to be tapped to Yamuna vihar STP, however, no pumping through SPS was being carried out during the visit. Some small scale industries such as dyeing, washing, fabrication and other mixed type industrial work being carried out in the catchment of drain. In February 2026, the drain water was observed black. In April 2026, the monitoring team reported solid waste dumping by the households located near the drain. SPS was found operational on the day of visit.

• At sampling location code: 65, the drain has high quantity of sludge in its bed and black coloured water observed in the drain channel. In February 2026, foul odour was observed. The drain is untapped and carries sewage from Jagatpuri, Seelampuri and Bihari colony area. In April 2026, the volume of water was not much in the drain at the time of inspection, hence the flow appeared far less as compared to other drains inspected. However, water appeared extremely black indicating high pollution.

• At sampling location of Sahibabad drain near Shaheed nagar metro station at GT Road, Uttar Pradesh (sampling location code: 66), large amount of municipal waste and dark coloured water were observed by the monitoring teams. It was reported that upstream of this location receive mixed effluent from Industries on GT Road- Shaheed Nagar and Sahibabad area, Site-4 Sahibabad industrial area mainly Textile, metal processing, motor workshops, dairy etc. The drain is reported as partially tapped near Vasundhra - Indirapuram with partial flow diverted to Indirapuram 72 MLD 59 | P ageSTP. Contribution of high BOD and COD into the drain may be due to untreated effluent from unregistered small industries and vehicles workshops in NITCO area. High value of faecal coliform in the drain sample also indicates high contribution of untreated sewage/cattle dungs in the drain.

• Many drain channels observed to be discharging in the drain near the sampling location code: 66 from both banks of the drain along with coloured industrial effluents and yellow coloured effluent on GT Road may be because of cattle farms in the area. In April 2026, the monitoring team suspected that some small industries (especially dyeing and finishing of jeans) might be discharging their effluents without proper treatment. On one end of the bridge, the drain was completely choked with solid waste while on the other end of the bridge, there was continuous flow due to outfall of another drain coming from Shaheed Nagar Metro station.

3.6.3 Solid Waste observed near sampling locations and Inadequate Tapping arrangements on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain • Solid waste (municipal/ demolition/ plastic) dumped in drains at the following locations of Interstate drains of Shahdara drain, given as Table 10.

Table 10: Solid Waste observed near sampling location on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain Location Code Location Name 61 At origin of Karawal Nagar Drain (TY6) (Border of UP-Delhi) 62 Karawal Nagar Drain near Shiv vihar (Delhi-UP border) 63 A/C of Escape Drain I (TY9) with Trunk drain no. 1 64 Brahampuri drain (Gokalpur Drain) near Brahampuri drain SPS 66 Sahibabad drain near Shaheed nagar metro station at GT Road • Tapping arrangement had been found inadequate at the following locations of Interstate drains of Shahdara drain, given as Table 11.

Table 11: Inadequate Tapping arrangements on Interstate drains of Shahdara drain.

Location Code Location Name Tapping status 61 At origin of Karawal Nagar Drain (TY6) (Border of UP-Delhi) Non-functional 62 Karawal Nagar Drain near Shiv vihar (Delhi-UP border) Non-functional 64 Brahampuri drain (Gokalpur Drain) near Brahampuri drain SPS Non-operational 60 | P age3.6.4 Action proposed w.r.t. monitoring locations of Interstate drains of Shahdara drain • Elevated average BOD, COD, TSS, NH₃-N levels were observed in Trunk drain no. 1 and Sahibabad Drain, indicating discharge of untreated sewage and industrial effluent.

• UPPCB and DPCC shall conduct detailed mapping of Sahibabad drain to identify pollution sources and implement remedial measures, while MCD and other local bodies shall remove solid waste along drain banks at location codes 61, 62, 63, 64, and 65, and UPPCB or the concerned agency shall remove solid waste at location code 66. Also, DJB shall repair and ensure proper functioning of tapping arrangements at location codes 61, 62 and 64 to enhance pollution load control.

• UPPCB and DPCC shall submit an ATR on all actions undertaken.

4.0 Conclusion

1. Two major (first order) drains were identified —the Sahibi River (Najafgarh Drain) and the Shahdara Drain—for monitoring, along with their associated second-, third- & fourth-order drains comprising 19 drains discharging into Sahibi river and 06 drains discharging into Shahdara drain encompassing a total of 52 sampling locations.

2. Highest average values were observed: i. BOD: 393.25 mg/l; COD: 858.67 mg/l and TSS: 533.92 mg/l at Sahibabad drain near Shaheed Nagar metro station at GT Road (Interstate drain of Shahdara drain) due to discharge from non- confirming industrial area and dumping of solid wastes and silt/sludge along the bank of drains.

ii. NH -N: 43.8 mg/l at Nagloi drain (KB10) (Major drain of river Sahibi) due to discharge from 3 local dairies and animal sheds. iii. Faecal Coliform: 2 x 1015 Mandauri Drain (upstream of Mungeshpur drain near Auchandi Border) (interstate drains of river Sahibi) due to discharge from local dairies and animal sheds.

3. The top polluting drains were identified as below:

Sr. Drain Name Location Average Value (BOD / Observations No. Code COD / TSS / NH₃-N / FC) 1 Leg-1 Drain 30 (c) 160.43 / 393.86 / Predominantly municipal sewage and

280.29 / 38.08 / 2.30 x commercial wastewater discharge;

1013 Animal waste 2 Palam Drain (NB- 31 123.67 / 306.17 / 101 / Non-functional tapping (Pappankalan

2) 364.67 / 2.95 1012 STP); sewage bypass, solid waste dumping and overflow observed.

3 Ramesh Nagar 33 140.25 / 341.5 / 194.75 Tapping inadequate; untreated sewage Drain / 29.64 / 8.45 x 1013 bypassing directly into Sahibi River; solid waste choking bar screens 4 Nagloi Drain 35 134.17 / 331 / 180.17 / Untreated sewage, industrial effluent (KB-10) 43.80 / 3.38 x 1013 and overflow from tapping arrangements.

5 Outfall of New 40 232.4 / 551.8 / 243.6 / Severe municipal & industrial pollution Moti Nagar Drain 30.06 / 1.84 x 1014 observed.

61 | P age6 Drain No. 6 43 78.67 / 228.67 / 144.17 Interstate drain with village sewage, / 31.77 / 2.08x1010 industrial discharge and solid waste dumping.

7 New Drain (AB- 44 104.55 / 288.27 / Industrial wastewater, vehicle washing,

7) 306.64 / 26.29 / 9.2 x hospitality units; nutrient enrichment 1013 observed.

8 Mungeshpur 47 247.56 / 594.56 / Metallic colour, oil & grease, acidic Drain 291.22 / 25.29 / 2.0E x water indicating industrial 1015 contamination.

9 Shahdara Link 52 175.82 / 385.82 / Domestic sewage, industrial Drain (TY-5) 234.18 / 30.77 / 1.02 x wastewater, C&D waste and animal 1014 carcass disposal observed.

10 Shahdara Drain 54 219.33 / 464.67 / Mixed industrial discharge; sludge

338.33 / 36.03 / 3.65 x deposition and solid waste 1011 accumulation.

11 Trunk Drain no. 1 63 119.17 / 312.67 / Yamuna vihar STP discharge; small

493.08 / 30.87 / 1.62 x scale units working in dyeing & 1013 washing, PVC granules and e-waste recycling 12 Sahibabad Drain 66 393.25 / 858.67 / Textile/dyeing industries,

533.92 / 37.30 / 3.97 x slaughterhouse & poultry waste major 1012 pollution contributors.

4. Solid waste dumping was observed at 32 locations (Annexure- III).

5. Tapping arrangements were observed as inadequate for 11 drains (non-functional at 07 drains, non- operational at 01 drain and functional but overflowing at 03 drains), of which, 08 drains are on Sahibi river network and 03 drains are on Shahdara drain network (Annexure-IV).

5.0 Follow Up Actions

1. Pursuant to the directives of the Hon'ble Home Minister, Government of India, a High-Level Committee has been constituted under the chairmanship of the Hon'ble Chief Minister, Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi to periodically review the progress of works being carried out for the rejuvenation of the River Yamuna. CPCB also issued letters to HSPCB and UPPCB vide letter dated 03.06.2026 to provide various information on efforts being undertaken/action plan formulated to reduce pollution in the drains/River Yamuna.

2. DPCC issued directions dated 05.02.2026 to MCD, I&FCD, CPWD, PWD GNCTD, DDA, NDMC, UDD GNCTD, DSIIDC and Delhi Cantonment Board, to submit the ATR w.r.t. the solid waste removal at the various locations. However, action taken report from any concerned agencies yet not received.

3. In 4th Executive Committee (EC) meeting held on 14.03.2026 under the chairmanship of Chief Secretary, Delhi Govt. regarding Rejuvenation of River Yamuna, DPCC informed that a detailed mapping of the top polluting drains has been started as mentioned in the Joint Monitoring Report.

Also, it was decided during the said meeting that the locations found having solid waste shall be cleaned at the earliest by the concerned agencies.

62 | P age4. DPCC forwarded the Report on Mapping of Pollution sources in drains w.r.t. Joint monitoring reports of drains of CPCB, on 20.04.2026 along with drain wise Action Points for the concerned departments for taking action (Table-12). However, action taken report from any concerned agencies yet not received.

Table 12: Pollution source mapping by DPCC and related Action points w.r.t. 17 drains S. Name of Pollution source identified during Survey & related Action Concerned No. Drain Points Department for taking Action

1. Mungeshpur a) Domestic Sewage through large pipes or through small sub DJB

Drain drains from various unauthorized areas and villages as follows:

S. Area/ Locality Latitude Longitude no.

1. Jai Vihar Block-A 28.63054 76.99996

2. Dichao Kalan Depot 28.63067 76.99994

3. Nangli Vihar Extension 28.62437 77.00812 Part-I

4. Kanjhawla Village (,) 28.73051978 76.99953355

5. Ladpur Arya Colony - -

6. Punjab Khor Village - -

7. Ujjala Colony - -

8. Qutabgarh - -

9. JJ Colony Sawda - - b) Dairy Waste- Nangli, Nangli Vihar Area, Ladpur, Sawda, MCD Kanjhawla, Qutabgarh c) Industrial Waste Water- Coloured wastewater through DPCC sub-drain from Nangli Sakrawati redevelopment area d) Significant coloured wastewater from industrial area at Haryana State Ferozpur Bangar, Kharkhoda, Haryana Pollution Control Board (HSPCB) e) Commercial Establishments- Discharge of wastewater DTC from Sawda Bus Depot (28.70718969, 76.9844227) f) Dumping of Municipal Solid Waste- at multiple locations MCD at Kanjhawla Village (28.73808644, 77.00067087), Ladpur Arya Colony (28.73357289, 76.99953355), Jai Vihar Bridge (28.62476, 77.00435)

2. Mandauri a) Untreated Domestic Sewage & Industrial Effluent From HSPCB Drain Haryana in the stretch of drain in Haryana b) Domestic Sewage of Mungeshpur Village, Punjab Khor, DJB Qutabgarh etc. c) Unauthorized Units on Kanjhawala Road MCD d) Wedding Venues (Banquet halls / party lawns) DPCC

3. Nangloi a) Domestic Sewage Through sub-drains from Puth Khurd DJB Drain Village and JJ Cluster (28.77114, 77.05376) b) Industrial Effluent from the industries located in Non- MCD conforming areas, coloured effluent was being discharged by

following industries in Puth Khurd: • M/s Shri Ram Packaging (28.7710636, 77.0533927) • M/s Air-Well Coolers LLP (28.77122, 77.05521) Many industries are operating in residential area of Puth Khurd discharging effluent into the drain c) Dumping of Municipal Solid Waste in open drain and MCD along the banks of drain by local residents observed at Phirni Road, Puth Khurd (28.77129633, 77.05232254).

4. a) Domestic sewage through large pipes/underground sub-drains DJB from Shri Ram Park Colony, Kunwar Singh Nagar, Kamruddin 63 | P ageKirari Nagar, Rajdhani Park area, Prem Nagar, Kirari (28.69852669, Suleman 77.05425459) and neighbouring areas Nagar Drain b) Industrial Effluent from industries located in non-conforming MCD areas of Kamruddin Nagar, Adhyapak Park, etc c) Municipal solid waste found dumped in open drain and along MCD the banks of drain leading to choking of drain at multiple locations.

5. Nasirpur Link a) Dairy Waste from Mohan Nagar (28.604668, 77.107733). MCD Drain b) Outlet from Railway Station/DJB office at Sagarpur East Northern and outlets from Defence/Airport office carrying Railway, Delhi wastewater found discharging into the Nasirpur Link Drain. Cantonment Board (DCB) & DIAL

6. Palam Drain a) Domestic Sewage from DDA Flats, Sector-19B, Pocket-3, DDA/DJB Dwarka, Delhi-75 (28.5860, 77.04112), Adarsh Apartments (28.599585, 77.062042). b) DDA Sports Complex, Sector-5, Dwarka, Delhi DDA c) Banquet Hall: Wisteria Hall, Sector-5, Dwarka, Delhi. DPCC d) Municipal solid waste found dumped in and around bank MCD of drain (28.599585, 77.062042).

7. New Drain a) Domestic Sewage through 5 sub-drain outlets from right DJB (Near bank (area – Swaroop Nagar & Bhalaswa).

National b) Industrial Effluent from industries located in non- MCD Highway, conforming areas; large number of industries on the left Delhi to bank of the drain.

Chandigarh) c) Commercial Establishments: Valentine Motel and DPCC Resorts, KH102, Nangli Puna, New Delhi-36 (28.765565,

77.145904). d) Bike repairing shops & washing points on service road near MCD Wine Shop, Block-F, Swaroop Nagar, Bhalaswa, Delhi (28.762421, 77.146949). e) Car washing activities at 385/1, Block-F, Swaroop Nagar, MCD Bhalaswa (28.761155, 77.147292).

8. Drain No. 6 a) Domestic Sewage from Hamidpur Village, Bakoli Village, DJB Zindpur Village, toilet of petrol pump (28.85709, 77.1244) and industries on NH-44. b) Commercial: Bus Body Workshop (28.78903, 77.16011), MCD Car Washing Unit, etc.

c) Banquet Halls, Party Lawns. DPCC d) Illegal industrial units located on NH-44 & in above- MCD mentioned villages. e) Untreated Domestic Sewage and Industrial Effluent from HSPCB Sonipat, Haryana, including effluent from Kundli Industrial Area in Sonipat.

9. Outfall of a) Domestic Sewage through multiple pipes from Kishan DJB Daryai Nallah Ganj Colony outlet, Vivekanand Puri area outlet, Inderlok Bagh Marg outlet, Karol Bagh area outlet, Block-65 Karol Bagh and adjoining areas.

10. New Moti a) Domestic Sewage: Untreated sewage from Karampura DJB Nagar Drain Colony (Outlet: Karampura, New Delhi, approx.

28.667173, 77.141084).

11. Leg-1 Drain a) Untreated Domestic Sewage and Industrial Effluent from HSPCB (Palam Vihar Palam Vihar, Gurugram, Haryana.

Drain)

12. Karawal a) Domestic Sewage: Jaitpur Busti, Bhagat Vihar, Anand DJB Nagar Drain Vihar, Phase-4, Shiv Vihar, Bhagirathi Vihar, Gokalpur, Mustafabad, Khajuri, New Mustafabad, Shiv Vihar Phase-8 and Ambedkar Nagar.

64 | P ageb) Industrial Effluent from industries located in non- MCD

conforming areas: Sherpur Village, Tukmirpur Village, Bihar Colony. c) Unauthorized jeans dyeing and other units allegedly MCD operating in these areas and discharging untreated effluent into the drain.

d) Untreated Domestic Sewage and Industrial Effluent from Uttar Pradesh Indrapuri, Lal Bagh & DLF Ankur Vihar and Loni areas in Pollution Control Uttar Pradesh. Board (UPPCB)

13. Ghazipur a) Domestic Sewage: Anand Vihar JJ Colony, Trilokpuri MCD Drain residential colony & Tahirpur area. b) Industrial Effluent coming from Patparganj Industrial DPCC Area (presence of coloured/chemical effluent observed).

14. Trunk Drain a) Domestic Sewage from following unauthorized colonies: DJB No. 1 (i) Ganga Vihar (28.70930, 77.28693)

(ii) Jhoripur (28.705379, 77.28731)

(iii) Gokul Puri (28.704851, 77.287207)

(iv) Kadam Puri (28.697123, 77.282407)

(v) Yamuna Vihar (28.699145, 77.23408)

(vi) Kabir Nagar (28.690943, 77.279072)

(vii) Maujpur (28.693627, 77.280442)

(viii) Babarpur (ix), Jaffrabad (x), Chhajjupur (xi), Durgapuri, (xii) Balbir Nagar, (xiii) Old Seemapuri & (xiv) Seelampur b) Dairy waste- Dairies in Jaffrabad (28.682552, 77.274938) MCD c) Industrial Effluent: Jeans dyeing industries discharging MCD blue/blackish effluent into the drain (28.669234,

77.276146). d) Industrial effluent also being discharged from Old MCD Seelampur area. e) Municipal Solid Waste found dumped into Trunk Drain MCD No. 1 at various locations.

15. Jahangirpuri a) Domestic sewage: from Nirankari Colony, Gopalpur DJB Drain Village, Nehru Vihar, Mukherji Nagar & JJ Cluster behind Majlis Park Metro Station and JJ Cluster of Jahangirpuri Block-G, C & D.

b) Dairy Waste: Nirankari Park and Gopalpur Village (outlet: MCD

28.71561926, 77.21301262). c) Industrial Effluent from the Industries located in non- MCD conforming areas – several small commercial establishments (illegal automobile repairing & service stations). d) Municipal Solid Waste – drain found completely choked MCD with Municipal Solid Waste.

16. Shahdara a) Domestic sewage from following unauthorized colonies: DJB Drain & • Mullha Colony (outlet: 28.622584, 77.329643) Shahdara • Dallupura Village (outlet: 28.606551, 77.315713) Link / GT • Alakh Colony (outlet: 28.61495, 77.3216) Road Drain b) Dairy waste from: MCD • Dallupura Village (outlet: 28.606551, 77.315713) • Bhains Mandi (outlet: 28.626108, 77.331448) • Ghazipur Village behind Vegetable Market c) Poultry Market (outlet: 28.626108, 77.331448) DAMB/MCD d) Industrial Effluent from the Industries located in non- MCD conforming areas – polluting units like jeans dyeing units are allegedly operating in Ghazipur Village behind Vegetable Market area and discharging untreated effluent into this drain.

e) Untreated Domestic Sewage and Industrial Effluent coming UPPCB from Uttar Pradesh through various drains from following areas into

Shahdara Drain:

65 | P age• Lal Bagh & DLF Ankur Vihar • Indrapuri • Loni • Sahibabad

17. Sahibabad a) Sahibabad drain comes from Uttar Pradesh and carries untreated UPPCB Drain sewage as well as industrial effluent particularly from Sahibabad industrial area and joins Shahdara drain near Khichripur Bridge, Kalyanpuri, Delhi.

b) The drain passes near Gazipur dump site and waste water from DAMB/MCD Bhains Mandi and Poultry Market is also discharged into this drain.

5. During 5th Executive Committee (EC) meeting convened by the Chief Secretary, Delhi Govt. on

15.04.2026, the DPCC informed that the mapping of pollution sources at all drains has been completed.

6. The locations found having solid waste shall be cleaned at the earliest by MCD, MCG, GMDA and GNN. DPCC, HSPCB and UPPCB shall follow-up with these concerned authorities for compliance.

7. The accumulated de-silted material shall be removed from river/ drain banks before the onset of Monsoon 2026 by the responsible authorities. DPCC shall follow-up with the responsible authorities for compliance.

8. A detailed mapping of the drains originating from Haryana and UP, may be carried out by HSPCB and UPPCB, to identify the possible reasons for severe pollution in the drains and to assess the effectiveness of pollution control measures being taken so far. They will also submit the action taken report (ATR) regarding the actions proposed in this report, within 15 days.

9. HSPCB & UPPCB directed to intensify monitoring of interstate drains and industrial pollution sources.

10. Pollution load calculations may be carried out for sampling locations common to DPCC monitoring stations. In this regard, DPCC may provide the corresponding average flow data for locations covered under their routine monitoring.

11. DJB to restore non-functional tapping systems (Palam, Ramesh Nagar, Nagloi, Yamuna Vihar & AB-7), while MCD/NDMC to ensure removal of solid waste and floating materials from drains.

6 .0 Way Forward • As per DPCC’s report on ‘Mapping of Pollution Sources in Drains in Delhi (w.r.t Joint monitoring reports of drains of CPCB)’ in 17 drains in Delhi, all the concerned Departments shall implement remedial measures to control pollution at source.

• HSPCB and UPPCB shall also carried out survey for identification of pollution sources of drains in their jurisdiction and implement remedial measure for abatement of pollution of river Yamuna. • When considered together, these findings suggest that interception measures have reduced pollution loads to some extent but have not completely prevented the conveyance of untreated or partially treated wastewater.

66 | P age• Continued optimization of sewage treatment processes, particularly biological nitrogen removal, along with regular monitoring and source-tracking of episodic pollution events, is essential for further improving the water quality of drains discharging into the River Yamuna.

• A system should also be adopted to prevent the dumping of solid waste into drains and to ensure their regular cleaning. • Flow measurement may also be carried out in Sahibi River, Shahdara drain and its sub-drains to find out the pollution load.

• Desilting material should be lifted from the drain banks and shifted to a dedicated site scientifically. • Unidentified industries which is discharging untreated effluent into drains should be identify and issued appropriate direction for defaulting industries.

• Regular meetings should also be held to ensure better coordination among the states for the rejuvenation of the Yamuna River.

67 | P ageANNEXURE I Photographs of all sampling locations Photographs at 12 locations of Sahibi River Dhansa (At regulator) Sahibi river at GhummanheraSahibi river at Jhatikara bridge Sahibi River (NB1) A/C of Mundhela drain (NB10)Sahibi river A/C of Bijwasan drain (NB6) Sahibi river A/C of Palam drain (NB2) Sahibi river A/C of Mungeshpur drainSahibi river A/C of Pankha Road drain Sahibi river A/C of Ramesh Nagar drain Sahibi river A/C of JJ Colony + Wazirpur Link drainSahibi river A/C of Jahangirpuri drain (AB16) After merging of Sahibi river and supplementary drainPhotographs at 09 locations of Interstate drains of Sahibi River Photographs Photographs Mungeshpur Drain A/C Bupania Chhudania Drain (NB9) (near Nilwal) Entry Point of Bhupania Chudania drain into Delhi Mungeshpur Drain before entering Haryana (Near Nizampur)Drain No. 6 (Delhi-Haryana Border near Narela) New Drain (AB7) A/C of Alipur Link Drain and Drain No.6 New Drain (AB7) B/C to Supplementary DrainMungeshpur L. Drain (Haryana Drain) (Near Qutubgarh stadium) Mungeshpur drain (re-entry, 2nd entry) into Delhi Mandauri drain (Upstream of Mungeshpur drain near Auchandi Border)Photographs at 13 locations of Major Drains of Sahibi River Photographs Photographs Leg 3 drain (near Daulatabad, Haryana) Leg 2 drain (near Dharampur, Haryana)Leg 1 drain (near Nanak Heri village/ Bajghera, Haryana) Palam drain (NB2)Pankha Road Drain (NB7) Ramesh nagar Drain Kirari Suleman Nagar Drain (KB12) Nagloi Drain (KB10) J J Colony DrainNasirpur Link Drain (NB5) Outfall of Driali Nala in Sahibi River Outfall of Shakurbasti Drain in Sahibi river Outfall of New Moti NagarPhotographs at 06 locations of Supplementary Drain Photographs Photographs Outfall of Supplementary Drain at Kakrola More Supplementary Drain A/C of Kirari Suleman Nagar Drain (KB12) Supplementary Drain A/C of Nangloi Drain (KB10)Supplementary Drain A/C of New Drain (AB7) Supplementary Drain A/C of Burari Creek (AB5) Supplementary Drain A/C of Toe Drain (AB17) and Jagatpur Link Drain (AB13)Photographs at 06 locations of Shahdara Drain Photographs Photographs Shahdara outfall drain (TY3) before entering UP Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) B/C to Ghazipur DrainGhazipur drain A/C of Sahibabad drain & B/C with Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) Ghazipur drain A/C of Vinod nagar drainSahibabad drain at Delhi-UP Border near Ghazipur Poultry Mandi At confluence of Trunk drain no. I and Trunk drain no. 2Photographs at 06 locations of Interstate drain of Shahdara drain Photographs Photographs At origin of Karawal Nagar Drain (TY6) (Border of UP-Delhi) Karawal Nagar Drain near Shiv Vihar (Delhi-UP Border)A/C of Escape Drain I (TY9) with Trunk drain no. 1 Brahampuri drain (Gokalpur Drain) near Brahampuri drain SPS Trunk drain No. 1 A/C of GT Road drainSahibabad drain near Shaheed Nagar metro station at GT RoadTable: 1. Characteristics of Sahibi river based on average May 2025 - April 2026 data Locatio Name of n Code Location Latitude Longitude pH Colour BOD COD TSS NO3-N NO2-N TKN TN NH3-N TP TOC FC Dhansa (At 28.534485 76.870354 7.3 10.0 16.1 54.6 37.5 3.1 0.6 10.3 12.1 5.8 1.8 7.2 1.91 x106 1 regulator) Sahibi river near 28.518387 76.921312 7.4 BDL 17.5 64.9 32.4 4.1 0.4 10.5 13.2 6.0 2.3 10.7 6.20 x106 2 Ghummanhera Sahibi river at 28.516879 76.971754 7.2 4.0 43.4 131.5 65.1 4.1 0.6 25.5 29.7 14.8 2.4 21.4 4.34 x106 3 Jhatikara bridge Sahibi river (NB1)

28.54566 77.010261 7.3 4.0 36.3 118.5 44.8 4.1 0.7 24.3 27.0 14.9 3.5 24.1 3.11 x108 4 A/C of Mundhela drain (NB10) Sahibi river A/C of

28.544231 77.011128 7.3 4.0 57.9 174.9 71.3 3.4 0.4 33.2 35.5 20.9 3.4 29.3 9.19 x109 5 Bijwasan drain

(NB6)

105.

Sahibi river A/C of 28.579305 77.03764 7.1 12.5 83.0 224.3 3.3 1.1 39.3 43.5 28.1 5.4 40.4 1.04 x1011 6 6 Palam drain (NB2) Sahibi river A/C of 28.610817 77.083767 7.3 32.0 68.7 186.4 73.4 5.7 0.5 35.9 41.6 22.3 3.4 31.8 8.78 x1010 7 Mungeshpur drain Sahibi river A/C of

28.627021 77.021055 7.2 BDL 45.4 129.3 52.5 5.7 0.6 32.3 37.6 21.5 2.5 28.0 7.83 x107 8 Pankha Road drain (NB7) Sahibi river A/C

28.667071 77.137865 7.2 13.0 41.0 148.1 72.8 5.2 1.4 28.8 35.2 19.5 3.0 24.4 1.46 x1013 9 Ramesh Nagar drain Sahibi river A/C of JJ Colony + 28.677464 77.17409 7.2 BDL 55.5 156.3 83.6 4.0 0.8 31.1 35.4 17.7 2.8 29.8 2.97 x108 10 Wazirpur Link drain Sahibi river A/C of Jahangirpuri drain

28.70925 77.225607 7.4 BDL 57.6 151.8 69.2 4.6 1.2 29.3 33.9 17.6 3.7 25.7 2.30 x108 11 (AB16) and B/C Supplementary drain After merging of

102.

Sahibi river and 28.709073 77.228616 7.3 8.0 55.2 146.6 4.4 1.1 29.9 34.3 17.1 2.5 29.1 3.21 x107 12 5 supplementary drain All values in mg/l except pH, Colour (Hazen) and FC (MPN/ 100 ml)).Table:2. Characteristics of Interstate drains of Sahibi river based on average May 2025 - April 2026 data Location Longitud NO3- NO2- Name of Location Latitude pH Colour BOD COD TSS TKN TN NH3-N TP TOC FC Code e N N Mungeshpur Drain A/C of Bupania 76.96797 41 28.705895 7.2 11.0 35.8 118.3 60.9 4.1 0.4 24.1 27.8 14.6 2.8 21.6 8.36 x1012 Chhudania Drain 2

(NB9) (near Nilwal) Mungeshpur Drain before entering 76.93698 102.

42 28.650582 7.1 58.6 85.6 257.1 3.9 1.0 30.3 34.9 17.5 4.8 29.7 1.67 x1010 Haryana (Near 5 9 Nizampur) Drain No. 6 (Delhi-

77.12354 144.

43 Haryana Border 28.857405 7.3 23.0 78.7 228.7 4.6 0.4 46.9 50.4 31.8 6.9 38.9 2.08 x1010 9 2 near Narela) New Drain (AB7) A/C of Alipur Link 77.14928 306.

44 28.772449 7.4 BDL 104.5 288.3 4.2 1.1 41.5 46.2 26.3 5.1 28.8 9.20 x1013 Drain and Drain 3 6 No.6 New Drain (AB7) B/C to 77.15471 112.

45 28.739442 7.3 16.0 60.1 173.0 3.9 1.0 37.3 42.1 24.1 3.7 26.0 8.51 x1010 Supplementary 4 5 Drain Mungeshpur L.

Drain before

76.95369 255.

46 entering Delhi 28.80522 6.9 113.7 152.9 418.2 3.2 0.1 30.8 29.5 18.6 2.8 72.5 1.62 x1015 8 7 (Near Qutubgarh stadium) Mandauri drain (Upstream of

76.96586 291.

47 Mungeshpur drain 28.8101 5.6 262.3 247.6 594.6 2.9 0.1 45.3 44.6 25.3 6.3 115.8 2 x1015 3 2 near Auchandi Border) Entry Point of Bhupania 76.95373 41 (a) 28.662027 7.0 BDL 40.0 120.9 54.3 4.2 0.3 21.9 25.8 12.9 2.4 9.2 8.17 x1012 Chhudania Drain 9

(NB9) into Delhi Mungeshpur drain

76.95025 46 (a) (re-entry, 2nd 28.670938 7.2 BDL 82.3 221.0 91.6 4.1 0.9 35.9 39.7 20.7 3.1 32.5 9.42 x108 7 entry) into Delhi All values in mg/l except pH, Colour (Hazen) and FC (MPN/ 100 ml)).Table:3. Characteristics of Major drains based on average May 2025 - April 2026 data Location Name of Location Latitude Longitude pH Colour BOD COD TSS NO3- NO2- TKN TN NH3- TP TOC FC Code N N N

28.582195 77.040237 7.0 19.2 123.7 306.2 101.0 2.7 0.4 46.8 49.5 34.7 6.4 62.2 2.95 x1012 31 Palam drain (NB2) Pankha Road Drain 28.640694 77.05993 7.3 12.0 39.5 112.0 47.3 4.6 1.1 34.9 39.8 22.6 3.2 25.1 2.51 x109 32

(NB7)

28.665039 77.135623 7.1 BDL 140.3 341.5 194.8 2.7 0.6 41.8 44.7 29.6 4.1 56.7 8.45 x1013 33 Ramesh Nagar Drain Kirari Suleman Nagar 28.638694 77.060312 7.3 BDL 53.8 138.4 118.7 4.3 0.9 31.7 36.9 21.1 2.1 16.8 3.48 x109 34 Drain (KB12)

28.739281 77.104963 7.0 BDL 134.2 331.0 180.2 6.3 0.8 61.2 67.1 43.8 4.3 86.7 3.38 x1013 35 Nagloi Drain (KB10)

28.678219 77.167266 7.3 BDL 9.5 28.5 69.8 6.9 0.2 5.0 9.1 3.5 1.7 2.9 2.70 x107 36 JJ Colony Drain Nasirpur Link Drain 28.652593 77.074834 7.1 23.0 116.5 268.7 176.0 3.4 1.2 33.3 36.2 19.4 5.0 48.9 1.85 x1011 37

(NB5) Outfall of Driali Nala 28.680023 77.184516 7.1 28.0 168.9 394.7 219.1 1.6 0.4 46.7 48.3 25.5 10.6 58.6 1.45 x1014 38 in Sahibi River Outfall of Shakurbasti 28.674085 77.155317 7.1 28.5 156.5 378.4 196.4 2.2 0.3 41.6 44.1 29.2 5.5 67.0 7.25 x1012 39 Drain in Sahibi river Outfall of New Moti 28.667126 77.147109 6.9 45.0 232.4 551.8 243.6 3.9 0.7 40.4 44.8 30.1 7.7 82.0 1.84 x1014 40 Nagar Leg 3 Drain (near 28.48456177 76.95338655 7.1 4.0 210.3 486.4 250.3 3.3 0.1 44.4 46.4 32.0 9.1 77.0 3.27 x1012 30 (a) Daulatabad, Haryana) Leg 2 Drain (near 28.511062 76.969951 7.1 4.0 137.9 309.4 150.0 2.9 0.3 48.7 49.8 30.6 4.7 50.5 2.45 x1012 30 (b) Dharampur, Haryana) Leg 1 Drain (near

28.53081775 77.00242996 7.1 4.0 160.4 393.9 280.3 3.0 0.3 57.0 57.7 38.1 5.7 64.2 2.30 x1013 30 (c) Nanak Heri Village/ Bajghera, Haryana) All values in mg/l except pH, Colour (Hazen) and FC (MPN/ 100 ml)).Table:4. Characteristics of Supplementary drains based on average May 2025 - April 2026 data Location Name of NO NO Latitude Longitude pH Colour BOD COD TSS 3 2 TKN TN NH -N TP TOC FC Code Location -N -N 3 Outfall of Supplementary 21 28.635241 77.024563 7.6 14.0 39.3 109.4 43.9 6.0 0.5 14.7 20.1 7.9 1.5 14.9 1.47 x106 Drain at Kakrola More Supplementary Drain A/C of Kirari 22 28.652923 77.046808 7.3 11.0 43.3 117.5 95.8 6.9 0.5 31.6 38.9 20.2 2.4 16.2 5.08 x107 Suleman Nagar Drain (KB12) Supplementary 23 Drain A/C Nangloi 28.730608 77.124081 7.4 BDL 26.1 86.0 58.3 11.8 0.6 27.7 34.6 17.9 5.1 12.4 1.68 x109 Drain (KB10) Supplementary 24 Drain A/C New 28.738539 77.166001 7.3 BDL 57.5 165.8 210.2 41.1 1.3 24.2 28.5 14.9 1.9 16.2 1.62 x1011 Drain (AB7) Supplementary 25 Drain A/C Burari 28.729249 77.198144 7.1 BDL 53.2 133.0 188.1 22.3 0.6 27.9 32.6 18.0 2.6 16.5 1.18 x109 Creek (AB5) A/C of Toe Drain

(AB17) and 26 28.711285 77.227497 7.4 BDL 59.9 147.6 277.4 4.0 1.1 29.1 33.5 17.2 2.0 18.3 2.13 x107 Jagatpur Link Drain (AB13) All values in mg/l except pH, Colour (Hazen) and FC (MPN/ 100 ml)).Table:5. Characteristics of Shahdara drains based on average May 2025 - April 2026 data Lo Cc oa dti eo n LN oa cm ae ti oo nf Latitude Longitude pH Colour BOD COD TSS NO N 3- N -NO 2 TKN TN NH3-N TP TOC FC Shahdara outfall drain (TY3) 28.586418 77.300254 7.1 30.3 114.0 303.5 255.2 3.8 0.2 47.0 51.0 31.4 6.3 56.3 2.72 x1011 51 before entering UP Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) B/C 28.588921 77.297554 6.9 31.0 175.8 385.8 234.2 3.5 0.5 46.8 50.3 30.8 12.5 87.7 1.02 x1014 52 to Ghazipur Drain Ghazipur drain A/C of Sahibabad drain 28.61415 77.32045 7.2 23.8 163.1 397.3 251.3 1.7 0.7 48.2 50.2 30.1 7.6 76.0 6.14 x1010 53 & B/C with Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) Ghazipur drain

(TY4) A/c of 28.615152 77.320787 7.2 31.3 219.3 464.7 338.3 2.6 1.1 55.3 58.0 36.0 8.0 72.3 3.65 x1011 54 Vinod Nagar Drain Sahibabad drain at Delhi-UP

28.625851 77.331227 7.1 37.3 197.5 453.5 226.5 1.4 0.6 52.7 54.3 33.0 6.4 81.5 1.15 x1012 55 Border near Ghazipur Poultry Mandi At confluence of Trunk drain no. I 28.63255 77.315074 7.2 14.0 95.4 224.8 145.8 3.5 1.0 47.1 50.1 31.0 4.3 37.7 5.65 x109 56 and Trunk drain no. 2 All values in mg/l except pH, Colour (Hazen) and FC (MPN/ 100 ml)).Table:6. Characteristics of Interstate Drains of Shahdara Drain based on average May 2025 - April 2026 data Location Name of Location Latitu Longitud pH Colo BO CO TSS NO3- NO2- TKN TN NH3 TP TOC FC Code de e ur D D N N -N At origin of Karawal

28.73 77.27418 157. 389.

Nagar Drain (TY6) 7.3 71.5 274.5 1.9 1.0 47.4 56.8 32.3 5.5 58.0 5.05 x1010 61 6337 3 2 4 (Border of UP- Delhi) Karawal Nagar

28.72 77.28644 198. 484.

Drain near Shiv 7.1 54.0 293.6 1.8 0.2 51.4 53.2 34.9 6.8 95.5 1.05 x1013 62 3756 2 5 8 Vihar (Delhi-UP Border) A/C of Escape 28.69 77.28396 119. 312.

7.2 BDL 493.1 1.7 0.5 48.3 50.0 30.9 4.2 41.6 1.62 x1013 63 Drain I (TY9) with 99 4 2 7 Trunk drain no. 1 Brahampuri drain

28.67 77.27107 115. 312. (Gokalpur Drain) 7.1 BDL 383.4 2.5 1.2 43.9 46.4 30.9 3.9 45.7 1.46 x1013 64 664 4 1 6 near Brahampuri drain SPS Trunk drain No. 1 28.66 134. 319.

77.28126 7.2 34.0 322.4 1.1 0.2 47.6 48.5 31.3 5.1 42.6 8.45 x1012 65 A/C of GT Road 9307 9 6 drain Sahibabad drain

28.67 77.33740 393. 858. near Shaheed 6.9 53.6 533.9 1.4 0.3 63.6 67.9 37.3 9.8 122.3 3.97 x1012 66 6861 7 3 7 Nagar metro station at GT Road All values in mg/l except pH, Colour (Hazen) and FC (MPN/ 100 ml).ANNEXURE II Month wise BOD values observed during May 2025 to April 2026 at all 52 locations monitored in Delhi-Yamuna drains Location BOD (in mg/l) Name of Location Nature Code May June July August Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb March April Dhansa At 1 Sahibi River 14 10 26 9 4 27 8 19 16 33 14 13 regulator (1) Sahibi river at 2 Sahibi River 26 5 9 8 9 # 7 51 22 19 3 33 Ghummanhera (2) Sahibi river at 3 Sahibi River 43 34 39 9 11 13 37 62 75 105 41 52 Jhatikara bridge (3) A/C of Mundhela 4 Sahibi River 53 28 21 16 19 27 36 31 61 83 14 47 drain (NB10) (4) A/C of Bijwasan 5 Sahibi River 37 40 35 11 19 61 66 54 147 110 49 66 drain (NB6) (5) A/C of Palam drain 6 Sahibi River 52 73 70 15 23 53 98 108 174 106 43 181

(NB2) (6) A/C of 7 Mungeshpur drain Sahibi River 51 57 32 24 45 59 51 85 111 96 92 121

(7) A/C of Pankha 8 Sahibi River 46 16 31 21 12 38 23 66 139 66 55 32 Road drain (8) A/C of Ramesh 9 Sahibi River 35 23 43 15 21 34 33 36 74 73 50 55 Nagar drain (9) A/C of JJ Colony + 10 Wazirpur Link Sahibi River 45 32 74 34 26 53 57 68 120 58 75 24 drain (10) A/C Jahangirpuri 11 Sahibi River 38 27 91 51 30 31 48 64 130 79 77 25 drain (AB16) (11)After merging of Sahibi river and 12 Sahibi River 33 23 71 35 29 38 40 55 154 60 85 39 Supplementary drain (12) Outfall of Supplementary Supplementar 21 22 21 15 30 20 102 32 63 25 48 61 33 Drain at Kakrola y Drain More (21) A/C of Kirari Supplementar 22 Suleman Nagar 62 52 30 19 23 29 23 56 39 71 59 56 y drain Drain (KB12) (22) A/C of Nangloi Supplementar 23 11 8 37 27 23 33 44 20 35 36 16 23 Drain (KB10) (23) y Drain A/C of New Drain Supplementar 24 29 27 46 25 19 70 135 35 197 44 34 29

(AB7) (24) y Drain A/C of Burari Supplementar 25 25 38 49 20 19 47 41 88 95 70 108 38 Creek (AB5) (25) y Drain A/C of Toe Drain

(AB17) and Supplementar 26 27 59 73 38 34 46 106 53 107 47 90 39 Jagatpur Link y Drain Drain (AB13) (26) Major Drain Palam drain (NB2) 31 of Sahibi 111 78 87 102 108 101 127 152 206 237 135 40

(31) river Major Drain Pankha Road Drain 32 of Sahibi 22 51 28 26 18 41 24 40 72 57 53 42

(NB7) (32) river Major Drain Ramesh nagar 33 of Sahibi 83 116 60 71 117 231 214 135 102 169 103 282 Drain (33) riverKirari Suleman Major Drain 34 Nagar Drain of Sahibi 95 113 65 42 54 82 13 26 29 14 74 38

(KB12) (34) river Major Drain Nagloi Drain tappe tappe tap tappe tappe 35 of Sahibi 35 tapped 438 99 90 85 58

(KB10) (35) d d ped d d river Major Drain JJ Colony Drain 36 of Sahibi dry dry 12 6 12 8 dry dry dry dry dry dry

(36) river Major Drain Nasirpur Link 37 of Sahibi 128 59 47 129 100 140 133 124 209 146 154 29 Drain (NB5) (37) river Major Drain Outfall of Driali 38 of Sahibi 136 32 52 111 174 199 362 285 172 167 231 106 Nala (38) river Outfall of Major Drain 39 Shakurbasti Drain of Sahibi 128 90 84 108 33 127 132 104 203 205 377 287

(39) river Major Drain Outfall of New 40 of Sahibi 328 288 # 40 37 514 271 # 227 325 207 87 Moti Nagar (40) river Major Drain 30 (a) Leg 3 drain (30 A) of Sahibi Monitoring started from Oct, 25 92 181 159 239 275 240 286 river Major Drain 30 (b) Leg 2 drain (30 B) of Sahibi Monitoring started from Oct, 25 112 76 192 153 145 80 207 river Major Drain 30 (c) Leg 1 drain (30 C) of Sahibi Monitoring started from Oct, 25 131 165 126 318 70 234 79 river Mungeshpur Drain Interstate 41 A/C Bupania Drain of 22 10 52 14 14 17 3 33 58 87 67 52 Chhudania Drain Sahibi River(NB9) (near Nilwal) (41) Mungeshpur Drain Interstate before entering 42 Drain of 63 47 78 12 6 # 31 76 429 57 50 93 Haryana (Near Sahibi River Nizampur) (42) Drain No. 6 (Delhi- Interstate 43 Haryana Border Drain of 41 62 121 26 52 77 86 110 103 81 73 112 near Narela) (43) Sahibi River New Drain (AB7) Interstate A/C of Alipur Link 44 Drain of 115 20 71 78 42 314 # 82 118 188 76 46 Drain and Drain Sahibi River No.6 (44) New Drain (AB7) Interstate B/C to 45 Drain of 21 43 41 20 39 119 71 104 74 79 60 50 Supplementary Sahibi River Drain (45) Moni torin g Mungeshpur L. Interstate starte 46 Drain before Drain of 86 36 13 34 14 113 220 32 552 43 539 d entering Delhi (46) Sahibi River from June, 25 Moni torin Mandauri drain g (Upstream of Interstate starte 47 Mungeshpur drain Drain of 204 99 57 # 71 96 132 # 825 78 666 d near Auchandi Sahibi River from Border) (47) June, 25Entry Point of Bhupania Interstate 41 (a. Chhudania drain Drain of Monitoring started from Oct, 25 21 4 23 47 54 63 68

(NB9) into Delhi Sahibi River (41 A) Mungeshpur drain Interstate (re-entry, 2nd 46 (a. Drain of Monitoring started from Oct, 25 35 20 69 73 142 9 228 entry) into Delhi Sahibi River (46 A) Shahdara outfall Shahdara 51 drain (TY3) before 114 68 116 43 80 122 105 140 193 96 211 80 Drain entering UP (51) Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) B/C to Shahdara 52 192 400 141 138 334 258 129 # 101 101 74 66 Ghazipur Drain Drain

(52) Ghazipur drain A/C of Sahibabad drain Shahdara 53 & B/C with 203 108 90 320 77 120 86 113 234 227 243 136 Drain Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) (53) Ghazipur drain

(TY4) A/c of Shahdara 54 175 117 117 532 144 210 96 109 281 335 264 252 Vinod Nagar Drain Drain

(54) Sahibabad drain at Delhi-UP Border Shahdara 55 144 65 100 159 102 193 # 179 438 203 263 327 near Ghazipur Drain Poultry Mandi (55) At confluence of Trunk drain no. I Shahdara 56 97 59 65 253 44 71 29 50 162 200 95 20 and Trunk drain no. Drain 2 (56)At origin of Interstate Karawal Nagar Drain of 61 Drain (TY6) 62 74 78 56 90 139 108 129 356 243 304 247 Shahdara (Border of UP- Drain Delhi) (61) Karawal Nagar Interstate Drain near Shiv Drain of 62 181 81 183 206 166 234 145 # 357 114 307 210 Vihar (Delhi-UP Shahdara Border) (62) Drain A/C of Escape Interstate Drain I (TY9) with Drain of 63 68 63 117 94 93 83 67 74 218 245 126 182 Trunk drain no. 1 Shahdara

(63) Drain Brahampuri drain Interstate (Gokalpur Drain) Drain of 64 116 78 118 97 108 85 76 64 180 165 147 147 near Brahampuri Shahdara drain SPS (64) Drain Interstate Trunk drain No. 1 Drain of 65 A/C of GT Road 90 86 119 69 79 107 75 101 225 229 170 269 Shahdara drain (65) Drain Sahibabad drain Interstate near Shaheed Drain of 66 486 204 425 295 239 1040 313 258 554 253 404 248 Nagar metro station Shahdara at GT Road (66) Drain # - UnapproachableANNEXURE III Solid waste observed at 32 locations of drains in Delhi-NCR stretch of river Yamuna (May 2025 to April 2026) Sr. No. Location Location Name Observations Code

1. 3 Sahibi River at Jhatikara bridge Municipal solid waste dumped along the bank

2. 4 Sahibi River (NB1) A/C Mundhela drain (NB10) Municipal solid waste dumped along the bank

3. 5 Sahibi River A/C Bijwasan drain (NB6) Municipal solid waste dumped along the bank

4. 7 Sahibi River A/C Mungeshpur drainMunicipal solid waste and Plastic waste were found disposed on both the river banks.

5. 8 Sahibi River A/C Pankha road drain Municipal solid waste was found disposed on right river bank.

6. 10 Sahibi River A/C JJ Colony + Wazirpur Link drain Solid waste and municipal waste was found dumped on the left bank near bridge

7. 41 Mungeshpur drain A/C of Bhupania Chhudania Drain

(NB9) (Near Nilwal) De-silting of drain has been observed, however, removed sludge was found dumped on both banks.

8. 43 Drain No. 6 (Delhi-Haryana Border) near Narela Solid Waste especially rotten fruit waste was dumped close to drain.9. 46 A Mungeshpur drain (re-entry, 2nd entry) into Delhi Solid waste disposal within the drain substratum and de-silted sludge dumping was observed along both banks.

10. 30 B Leg 2 drain (near Dharampur, Haryana) Solid waste near the sampling location

11. 31 Palam drain (NB2) Municipal solid waste dumping was found in drain which was intercepted by screens installed at the interceptor.

12. 32 Pankha Road Drain (NB7) Huge amount of solid waste disposal was observed all over the sampling location, including the confluence, tapping arrangements and Screens.13. 33 Ramesh nagar Drain Solid waste accumulation was observed at the confluence point of Ramesh Nagar Drain and River Sahibi

14. 34 Kirari Suleman Nagar Drain

(KB12) Solid waste was found disposed near the location.

15. 36 J J Colony Drain The drain was full of solid waste. A huge quantity of solid waste was found dumped along the drain.

16. 37 Nasirpur Link Drain (NB5) Solid waste was found disposed in and along the drain near the location. Huge weed growth inside the drain was also observed.17. 38 Outfall of Driali Nala in Sahibi River Debris and municipal garbage found dumped along the drain nearby sampling point and before confluence

18. 39 Outfall of Shakurbasti Drain in Sahibi River Drain was found full of solid waste & municipal garbage was dumped along the drain.

19. 40 Outfall of New Moti Nagar Municipal solid waste dumped along the banks of River Sahibi

20. 21 Outfall of Supplementary Drain at Kakrola More Solid waste was found disposed along the drain near sampling location.Eutrophication growth was also observed near the drain banks.

21. 22 A/C Kirari Suleman Nagar Drain (KB12) at Supplementary Drain Huge quantity of solid waste was found disposed in the drain and near the sampling location.

22. 51 Shahdara outfall drain (TY3) before entering UP Solid waste was observed at upstream of sampling location.23. 52 Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) B/C to Ghazipur Drain Solid waste was observed near the drain.

24. 53 Ghazipur drain A/C of Sahibabad drain & B/C with Shahdara Link Drain (TY5) Solid waste was observed in the drain channel downstream of the sampling point

25. 54 Ghazipur drain A/C of Vinod nagar drain Solid waste observed in the drain channel

26. 55 Sahibabad drain at Delhi-UP Border near Ghazipur Municipal solid waste material was found Poultry Mandi dumped along the length of drain.

27. 56 At confluence of Trunk drain no. I and Trunk drain no. 2Solid waste dumped along the drain and in drain channel near the sampling point.

28. 61 At origin of Karawal Nagar Drain (TY6) (Border of UP- Delhi) Huge heaps of solid wastes were observed all along the drain.

Open burning of the solid wastes was also noticed at the location of the drain.

29. 62 Karawal Nagar Drain near Shiv vihar (Delhi-UP border) Huge quantity of solid waste and silt on the edge of drain

30. 63 A/C of Escape Drain I (TY9) with Trunk drain no. 1Huge quantity of solid waste was dumped in the drain.

31. 64 Brahampuri drain (Gokalpur Drain) near Brahampuri drain SPS Huge quantity of solid waste observed in the drain channel. Also, throwing of waste by the people adjacent to the drain.

32. 66 Sahibabad drain near Shaheed nagar metro station at GT Road Solid waste dumping was observed in the drain channelANNEXURE IV Tapping Status at 11 locations of drains in Delhi-NCR stretch of river Yamuna (May 2025 to April 2026) Sr. Location Location Name Monitoring team Observations No. Code

1. 45 New Drain (AB7) B/C to Supplementary Drain Non-functional (overflow)

2. 31 Palam drain (NB2) Submerged and Non-functional

3. 32 Pankha road drain Functional but screens installed are non- operational and Solid waste observed all over the tapping point

4. 33 Ramesh nagar DrainNon-functional (bypass) Also, bar screens choked with solid waste

5. 34 Kirari Suleman Nagar Drain

(KB12) Functional but overflow observed. Also, huge sludge deposited upstream of tapping arrangement and screens broken

6. 35 Nagloi Drain (KB10) Functional but inadequate due to overflow observed in June, September, October, November 2025 and January 2026

7. 36 JJ Colony Drain Non-functional8. 38 Outfall of Driali Nala in Sahibi River Tapping arrangement constructed but not handed over to DJB. And, now defunct and submerged.

Also, Mechanical screens installed were non- functional

9. 61 At origin of Karawal Nagar Drain (TY6) (Border of UP- Delhi) Non-functional (by-pass)

10. 62 Karawal Nagar Drain near Shiv vihar (Delhi-UP border) Non-functional (by-pass)11. 64 Brahampuri drain (Gokalpur Drain) near Brahampuri drain SPS Non-operational