**Executive Summary**
The Union Cabinet approved the scheme for conducting the Census of India 2027 with a budget of ₹11,718.24 crore. The census will be conducted in two phases: Houselisting and Housing Census (April-September 2026) and Population Enumeration (February 2027, or September 2026 for specific regions). A key decision from the Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs on April 30th, 2025, included caste enumeration in the Census 2027.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Census Overview:**
* The Census of India is the largest administrative and statistical exercise worldwide.
* It will cover the entire population of the country.
* Census 2027 will be the 16th Census in the country and the 8th after independence.
* **Census Phases and Timeline:**
* Phase 1: Houselisting and Housing Census (April to September, 2026).
* Phase 2: Population Enumeration (PE) in February 2027, except for specified regions.
* PE for UT of Ladakh, UT of Jammu & Kashmir (snow-bound areas), and the states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand will be conducted in September 2026.
* **Census Methodology:**
* Data collection will be done digitally using mobile applications available for both Android and iOS.
* A Census Management & Monitoring System (CMMS) portal has been developed to manage and monitor the entire Census process in real-time.
* An HLB Creator web map application will be used by the Charge Officers
* Households will be visited, and separate questionnaires will be canvassed for Houselisting & Housing Census and Population Enumeration.
* An option to self-enumerate will be provided to the public.
* Caste data will be captured electronically during Population Enumeration (PE).
* **Personnel:**
* Approximately 30 lakh field functionaries will be involved in completing the census.
* Enumerators are generally government teachers appointed by State Governments.
* Other Census functionaries will be appointed at Sub-district, District, and State levels.
* All Census functionaries will be paid suitable honorarium for their work.
* **Data and Dissemination:**
* Data dissemination will be user-friendly and make queries on required parameters easily accessible.
* Census-as-a-service (CaaS) will deliver data to ministries in a clean, machine-readable format.
* Efforts will be made to disseminate Census results with customized visualization tools, down to the village/ward level.
* **Employment and Training:**
* Approximately 18,600 technical personnel will be engaged for about 550 days at the local levels.
* Around 1.02 crore man-days employment will be generated.
* Provision of technical manpower will result in capacity building related to digital data handling.
* **Public Awareness:**
* A focused and wider publicity campaign will be conducted for nationwide awareness and inclusive participation.
* Emphasis will be placed on sharing accurate, authentic, and timely information.
**Impact Analysis**
**Field Functionaries (Enumerators, Supervisors, etc.)**
* **Impact:** These individuals will be responsible for data collection, monitoring, and supervision of Census operations in addition to their regular duties.
* **Action Required:** They will need to use the mobile applications for data collection and follow the guidelines set forth for accurate and timely completion of their tasks.
**State/District Administration**
* **Impact:** Will be responsible for appointing Census functionaries at various levels.
* **Action Required:** They are required to follow the guidelines of the census, appoint functionaries, and support the field operations.
**Government Ministries**
* **Impact:** Will receive census data in a clean, machine-readable, and actionable format (CaaS).
* **Action Required:** They can use this data for informed policy-making and planning.
**Public**
* **Impact:** They will be enumerated in the census. Option to self-enumerate will be provided.
* **Action Required:** To cooperate with the enumerators and provide accurate information.
Key Entities Referenced
Census of India 2027: The proposed Census of India to be conducted in 2026 and 2027.
Census Act, 1948: The primary legislation providing the legal framework for conducting the Census of India.
Census Rules, 1990: Rules that provide the legal framework for conduct of Census.
Census Management & Monitoring System (CMMS): A dedicated portal to manage and monitor the entire Census process on a real time basis.
Cabinet
Cabinet approves scheme of Conduct of Census
of India 2027
प्रव तथ: 12 DEC 2025 4:13PM by PIB Delhi
The Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi today, has approved the proposal
for conducting Census of India 2027 at a cost of Rs.11,718.24 crore.
Details of the Scheme:
The Indian Census is the largest administrative and statistical exercise in the world. The Census of India
would be conducted in two phases: (i) Houselisting and Housing Census – April to September, 2026 and
(ii) Population Enumeration (PE) – February 2027 (For the UT of Ladakh and snow bound non-
synchronous areas of UT of Jammu & Kashmir and states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, PE shall
be conducted in September, 2026).
About 30 lakh field functionaries will complete this gigantic exercise of national importance.
Use of mobile app for data collection and the Central portal for monitoring purpose will ensure better
quality data.
Data dissemination will be much better and in a user friendly way so that all the queries on required
parameters for policy making will be made available on the click of a button.
Census-as-a-service (CaaS) will deliver data to ministries in a clean, machine-readable and actionable
format.
Benefits:
Census of India 2027 will cover the entire population in the country.
Implementation strategy and targets:
The Census process involves visiting each and every household and canvassing separate questionnaire for
Houselisting & Housing Census and Population Enumeration.
The enumerators, generally government teachers and appointed by the State Governments, will be doing
the field work of Census in addition to their regular duties.
Other Census functionaries at Sub-district, District and State levels will also be appointed by the
State/District Administration.
New initiatives taken for the Census 2027 are:
(i) First Census by digital means in country. Data will be collected using mobile
applications that will be available for both Android as well as iOS versions.
(ii) A dedicated portal namely Census Management & Monitoring System (CMMS)
portal has been developed for managing and monitoring the entire Census process on a real
time basis.
(iv) Houselisting Block (HLB) Creator web map application: Another innovation for
Census 2027 is HLB Creator web map application to be used by the Charge Officers.(v) Option to self-enumerate will be provided to the public.
(vi) Suitable security features have been provisioned for this mammoth digital operation.
(vii) Census 2027 will have a focused and wider publicity campaign for nationwide
awareness, inclusive participation, last-mile engagement and support for field operations. It
will emphasize on sharing accurate, authentic & timely information ensuring cohesive &
effective outreach effort.
(viii) Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs, in its meeting on 30th April 2025 decided to
include caste enumeration in the upcoming census i.e. Census 2027. With the huge social
and demographic diversity in our country and related challenges, the Census 2027 will also
capture Caste data electronically in second phase, i.e. Population Enumeration (PE).
(ix) About 30 lakh field functionaries including Enumerators, Supervisors, Master
Trainers, Charge Officers and Principal/ District Census Officers will be deployed for data
collection, monitoring and supervision of Census operations. All the Census functionaries
will be paid suitable honorarium for the work of Census as they will be doing this work in
addition to their regular duties.
Major impact including employment generation potential:
The current endeavor would be to make available the coming Census data at the shortest possible time
across the country. Efforts will also be made to disseminate Census Results with more customized
visualization tools. Data sharing to all, up to the lowest Administrative Unit i.e. Village/Ward level.
To complete various tasks for successful conduct of Census 2027, approximately 18,600 technical
manpower will be engaged for about 550 days at the local levels. In another words, around 1.02 crore
man-days employment would be generated. Further, the provision of technical manpower at Charge/
District/ State level will also result in capacity building as the nature of job will be related to digital data
handling, monitoring and coordination. This will also help in future employment prospects of these
persons.
Background:
Census 2027 will be 16th Census in the country and 8th after independence. Census is the biggest source
of primary data at village, town and ward level providing micro level data on various parameters including
Housing Condition; Amenities & Assets, Demography, Religion, SC & ST, Language, Literacy &
Education, Economic Activity, Migration and Fertility. The Census Act, 1948 and the Census Rules, 1990
provide the legal framework for conduct of Census.
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MJPS
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