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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
RAJYA SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1627
TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 13/02/2026
ADVERSE IMPACT OF NANO UREA ON PRODUCTION
1627. SHRI YERRAM VENKATA SUBBA REDDY:
Will the Minister of AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE be pleased to state:
(a) the details of use of Urea and Nano Urea in the country since introduction of Nano Urea,
year-wise, State-wise;
(b) the manner in which Government looks at the recent research conducted by Punjab
University where it concluded Nano Urea is no match to conventional Urea since use of Nano Urea
resulted in reduced production and also protein content has come down;
(c) whether it is a fact that DAP, Zinc and Nano Urea+ introduced by Government are also no
match to conventional Urea; and
(d) if so, the details thereof and the plan of action Government has with regard to Nano Urea?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE FOR AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
(SHRI RAMNATH THAKUR)
(a): The details of sale of the Urea and Nano Urea in the country since introduction of Nano Urea
(i.e. year 2021-22), year wise, State-wise are at Annexures I & II respectively.
(b) to (d): The experiment conducted by Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Ludhiana on
Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited (IFFCO) Nano Urea during 2020-2024 along with on
farm trials at 17 Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) of PAU and 10 farmers’ fields, did not support the
claims regarding yield improvement or nitrogen use efficiency with the use of nano urea.
However, based on the bio- efficacy trials at multiple locations by ICAR institutions and
State Agriculture Universities (SAUs) and bio-safety test results, Government of India had
provisionally notified Nano Urea as Nano Nitrogen Fertilizers in Fertilizer Control Order (FCO),
1985. These experimental trials of Nano Urea were conducted on different crops such as paddy,
wheat, mustard, maize, tomato, cabbage, cucumber, capsicum and onion in different agro-climatic
zones. The study indicated that two spray of nano urea as top-dressing alongwith recommended basaldose of nitrogen gave comparable yield to that obtained with full recommended dose of nitrogen
with yield advantage of 3-8% and urea saving of 25-50% in various crops. Similarly, the
Government on the basis of positive result of crop trials conducted in SAUs / ICAR institutes has
notified Nano DAP and Nano zinc under FCO. Studies conducted by ICAR institutes of Central
Potato Research Institute of ICAR at Modipuram and Jalandhar confirmed 50% replacement of
Phosphorus by 2 sprays @ 4 ml /litre of Nano DAP and tuber treatment @ 5 ml/litre resulted at par
yield of potato.
All nano fertilizer manufacturers have been informed to conduct bio efficacy trials under the
supervision of SAUs /ICAR in different agro-climatic zones. Indian Council of Agricultural
Research (ICAR) has initiated a network project entitled “Evaluation of Nano urea on crop
productivity and nitrogen use efficiency in diverse Agro-Ecological Zones of India” in November
2025 in 14 centres, 10 major Agro Ecological Zones (AEZs) for 12 major crops on important
parameters such as the impact of long-term application of Nano urea on crop yield, produce quality
and soil nutrient balance as well as working mechanism of nutrient from nano fertilizer in plant
metabolism.Annexure I
The details of sale of the Urea in the country since introduction of Nano Urea (i.e. year 2021-
22), year wise, State-wise
(Figure in Lakh MT )
2025-26 (Till
S.No State 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25
08.02.26)
1 Andaman and Nicobar Islands 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 Andhra Pradesh 14.83 15.87 14.99 15.70 15.14
3 Arunachal Pradesh 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
4 Assam 3.60 3.56 3.73 4.10 3.80
5 Bihar 21.53 21.96 23.24 25.60 22.24
6 Chandigarh 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7 Chhattisgarh 8.00 8.38 8.99 10.07 8.86
8 Dadra and Nagar Haveli 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
9 Daman and Diu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 Delhi 0.26 0.28 0.32 0.40 0.19
11 Goa 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
12 Gujarat 21.90 24.73 24.30 24.23 21.37
13 Haryana 20.75 20.46 21.77 22.65 21.91
14 Himachal Pradesh 0.74 0.74 0.68 0.65 0.70
15 Jammu and Kashmir 1.67 1.60 1.45 1.36 1.28
16 Jharkhand 2.57 2.56 3.04 3.73 2.82
17 Karnataka 17.84 18.21 15.65 19.17 16.06
18 Kerala 1.15 1.12 0.96 1.15 1.00
19 Lakshadweep 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
20 Madhya Pradesh 29.18 32.39 34.37 38.09 40.76
21 Maharashtra 23.68 24.66 23.48 26.41 24.29
22 Manipur 0.14 0.31 0.25 0.14 0.17
23 Meghalaya 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.03
24 Mizoram 0.01 0.10 0.13 0.20 0.10
25 Nagaland 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
26 Odisha 5.53 5.60 5.84 6.67 6.26
27 Puducherry 0.15 0.17 0.13 0.15 0.12
28 Punjab 31.34 29.45 30.68 32.56 29.08
29 Rajasthan 22.59 25.17 25.39 26.40 27.16
30 Sikkim 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
31 Tamil Nadu 10.40 10.05 10.11 10.92 10.01
32 Telangana 17.12 18.83 19.03 20.08 17.71
33 Tripura 0.18 0.19 0.14 0.17 0.14
34 Uttarakhand 2.09 2.05 2.31 2.31 2.02
35 Uttar Pradesh 71.12 74.72 74.53 79.18 75.64
36 West Bengal 13.30 14.05 12.20 15.77 12.14
All India 341.73 357.26 357.81 387.92 361.03Annexure II
The details of sale of the Nano Urea in the country since introduction of Nano Urea (i.e. year
2021-22), year wise, State-wise
(Figure in Lakh bottles of 500 ml)
S.No State Name 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 2025-26
1 Andaman & Nicobar 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 Andhra Pradesh 5.801 4.798 3.241 3.014 6.426
3 Arunachal Pradesh 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4 Assam 4.386 6.095 8.268 11.333 13.469
5 Bihar 14.840 28.559 12.817 12.151 6.265
6 Chandigarh 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
7 Chhattisgarh 5.234 11.017 4.326 3.558 3.284
8 Dadra and Nagar Haveli 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
9 Daman and Diu 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
10 Delhi 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
11 Goa 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
12 Gujarat 8.752 17.602 27.611 30.099 10.845
13 Haryana 16.287 12.695 8.474 10.209 9.672
14 Himachal Pradesh 1.501 1.268 1.532 1.729 1.339
15 Jammu and Kashmir 2.006 3.001 2.945 1.258 0.630
16 Jharkhand 1.552 3.661 2.218 3.936 4.088
17 Karnataka 8.182 19.645 9.594 15.566 16.069
18 Kerala 1.001 1.204 0.603 0.760 0.770
19 Lakshadweep 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
20 Madhya Pradesh 16.117 23.383 16.293 24.918 15.423
21 Maharashtra 16.512 25.041 14.976 35.641 15.095
22 Manipur 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
23 Meghalaya 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
24 Mizoram 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
25 Nagaland 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
26 Odisha 4.179 11.211 6.778 5.779 7.784
27 Puducherry 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
28 Punjab 17.774 22.710 22.788 24.801 13.729
29 Rajasthan 15.023 25.227 20.080 22.083 17.408
30 Sikkim 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
31 Tamil Nadu 12.067 10.019 4.638 7.203 6.610
32 Telangana 5.867 6.001 3.088 5.314 9.613
33 Tripura 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
34 Uttarakhand 1.400 2.340 1.684 1.757 1.311
35 Uttar Pradesh 40.629 63.520 22.595 30.775 13.453
36 West Bengal 13.022 26.357 12.420 21.792 13.229
GRAND TOTAL 212.133 325.353 206.969 273.676 186.511
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