Parliament Question: Ethical Implication of AI

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1745 TO BE ANSWERED ON: 10.12.2025 ETHICAL IMPLICATION OF AI †1745. SHRI SUNIL KUMAR: Will the Minister of ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY be pleased to state: (a) the present status of adopting Artificial Intelligence (Al) in the public sector including its applications in governance and service delivery; (b) the details of Al-based projects implemented by the Government including their outcomes and impact; (c) the measures taken to address the ethical implications of Al including transparency, accountability and fairness; and (d) whether the Government contemplates to develop a framework for Al Governance and regulation in the country? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE FOR ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (SHRI JITIN PRASADA) (a) to (d): India’s AI strategy is based on Hon’ble Prime Minister's vision to democratise the use of technology. It aims to address India-centric challenges, create economic and employment opportunities for all Indians. Government is committed to harnessing the power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for the good of our people in sectors like healthcare, agriculture and education. Artificial Intelligence is increasingly being used in Governance and public services by various Central and State Government Departments and Organizations. The details of AI services implemented by NIC in Central projects are placed at Annexure-I India’s AI strategy: The government launched the IndiaAI mission in March 2024. It is a strategic initiative to establish a robust and inclusive AI ecosystem aligned with India's development goals. IndiaAI Application Development pillar aims to develop AI applications for India specific challenges in sectors such as climate change and disaster management, healthcare, agriculture, governance, and assistive technologies for learning disabilities. As on date, 30 (thirty) applications have been approved. Details are placed at Annexure-II.In addition, sector-specific hackathons have been organized by IndiaAI mission in partnership with other ministries and government institutions. • CyberGuard AI Hackathon organised in collaboration with the Indian Cybercrime Coordination Centre (I4C) under the Ministry of Home Affairs to develop AI-driven solutions for cybersecurity. • IndiaAI Hackathon on Mineral Targeting 2025 in collaboration with Geological Survey of India (GSI) under the Ministry of Mines to enable AI-driven identification of new potential exploration zones for critical minerals such as REE, Ni-PGE, and copper. o Also targets commodities like diamond, iron, manganese, and gold within a defined 39,000 sq. km area across Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. • Cancer AI & Technology Challenge (CATCH) in collaboration with National Cancer Grid (NCG) to drive patient-centric innovations. o Enhance early screening, diagnostic accuracy, treatment decisions, operational efficiency, & patient engagement in the public healthcare system o Promotes collaboration between clinical institutions & technology developers to ensure AI solutions are both technically robust and clinically validated Safe & Trusted AI pillar enables the implementation of Responsible AI projects, including the development of indigenous tools and frameworks, self-assessment checklists for innovators, and other guidelines and governance frameworks. Thirteen projects focusing on diverse themes have been selected through Expression of Interest process. These are currently under development and aims to ensure adequate guardrails for protecting the safety, security, and trust of citizens. Details are placed at Annexure-III. The India AI Governance Guidelines was released on 5 November 2025. It provide a comprehensive national framework to ensure the safe, responsible, and inclusive development and deployment of Artificial Intelligence in the country. It outlines the principles and best practices for transparency, accountability, fairness, safety, and security in AI systems. *****Annexure-I Details of AI Services Implemented in Central Projects: Sl. Sector AI Initiatives in Central Government Projects & Public No. Services 1. Agriculture 1. AI Matra - Text Transliteration & AI Panini - Text Translation Services taken for Kisan Suvidha app and Agmarknet portal 2. Name Similarity Checking API Services facilitated for PMKisan 2. Commerce & 1. AI Parkhi - Document Image Analysis for Online Paperless Industry Licensing of PESO for legibility in engineering drawings 3. DoNER 1. AI Anveshika GenAI Services bot created 4. Education 1. AI Satyapikaanan - Realtime Photo Image Analytics for forms submission for NTA’s JEE/NEET exam, CBSE/CTET, eCounseling, National Recruitment Agency 2. VANI - Chatbot implemented for National Scholarship Portal 5. Finance 1. VANI - Chatbot services for eWay bill, eInvoice & eChallan 6. Governance & 1. VANI - Multilingual chatbot services for eOffice, Administration eProcurement, Prayas etc. 2. AI Matra, AI Panini & AI Saransh services facilitated for Collabfiles, Tejas, Bharat maps, Viksit Bharat, Digital Archiving & Management 3. AI Shruti streaming for Video Conferencing Webcast, VANI 4. AI Saransh services facilitated for Collabfiles, Office Automation Division, MyGov 5. AI Satyapikaanan , AI Parkhi & AI Abhigyan for ServicePlus 7. Health 1. AI Matra Services facilitated for generating Sickle Cell Anaemia card in regional languages 2. Abnormality Prediction from Chest Xrays for early detection of TB with ethical clearance from AIIMS Rajkot. Being used by BSF as well as NorthEast & J&K in NextGen eHospital through CollabDDS software 8. Home Affairs 1. AI Satyapikaanan - Face recognition from prisoners’ data for checking status of suspects in ICJS portal 2. Crowd Count Service facilitated for one of the agencies 9. Information & 1. VANI - Chatbot implemented for Press Registrar General of Broadcasting India10. Judiciary 1. AI Shruti - Speech to Text Services in 10 languages for Digital Courts 2.0 2. AI Panini - Text Translation Services for Supreme Court & Digital Courts 3. AI Saransh - Text Summarisation Service for eCourts 4. AI Anveshika - Gen AI bot created for eSCR rulings. Being utilized by Supreme Court of India 5. VANI – chatbot services facilitated for NALSA 11. Legislative 1. AI Anveshika – Gen AI bot for Laws, Rules & Notifications of Department Central laws of India Code Portal created 12. MSME 1. AI Saransh - Text Summarisation & Text Deduplication for uniqueness of ideas in applications in Champions portal (hackathon) of MSME 13. Panchayati Raj 1. AI Vihangam Drishti - GeoSpatial Analytics PoC for Concrete Rooftop identification and area estimation in Drone images for solar panelling 14. Parliament 1. AI Panini facilitated for Digital Library website 2. AI Anveshika - Gen AI Bot for parliamentarians 15. Power 1. AI Anveshika Gen AI Services Bot created for CERC 16. Rural 1. AI Matra - for land parcel data for matrubhoomi Geo portal Development of RD 17. Social Justice & 1. AI Panini – for parliament queries reply translations Empowerment 18. Transport 1. AI Satyapikaanan - Face Verification Services for Online Learners License Exam, Automatic Driving license renewal 2. VANI - Chatbot services for Vahan, Sarathi Parivahan 3. Name Deduplication API Services facilitated for Vahan 19. UPSC 1. AI Satyapikaanan Image Analytics Services Implemented for exams 2. PoC ongoing for Disciplinary Case Proceedings using AI Saransh 3. Bot on Conduct Rules and UPSC Advice through AI Anveshika services 4. Name Changes checking from Gazette pages facilitated for UPSCAnnexure-II Details of IndiaAI Innovation Challenge: Shortlisted Solutions SL. NAME OF THE SOLUTION DESCRIPTION THEME NO SOLUTION 1 Promoting regenerative Measurement, Reporting, and Verification Agriculture agriculture practices for a technology designed to ensure the integrity sustainable future using AI and quality of generated carbon credits. 2 Krishi Sah‘AI’yak - AI-powered conversational co-pilot to Agriculture Farming Co-pilot provide personalized advisory to farmers in Indic languages. 3 Kadalcompass - We 5G-enabled device that transforms fishing Agriculture Amplify the voice of water practices using AI, IoUT, and advanced using Hydro-AI,Underwater communication technologies. com,IoUT with Sensor Network 4 KissanCopilot Multilingual Powered by Dhenu's vertical LLM for Agriculture Multimodal personalized AI agriculture, provides personalized Assistant for small holder agricultural advisory services to farmers smallholder farmers. 5 Rapid, chemical-free soil End-to-end soil testing approach leverages Agriculture testing solution using NIR an offline app, AI-powered spectral Spectroscopy & AI/ML device, and ML models to deliver timely, models chemical-free soil analysis. 6 AI deep-tech driven quality SAAS platform to provide objective Agriculture assessment of Maize quality assessment of maize including price estimation & sales pipelining. 7 AI-Driven Live Fish AI-driven solution that optimizes Agriculture Logistics and Mortality aquaculture operations. Reduction in Aquaculture 8 QScan AI-powered IoT solution that captures Agriculture critical data throughout the fresh produce lifecycle, providing real-time analysis of food quality and actionable insights to sellers. 9 Heatwave Resilience: Integrates AI-based climate forecasting Climate Integrating AI-based with health data to develop a targeted risk Advanced Forecasting for classification system for heat-health Extreme Heat Events impacts.10 Multi-Hazard Susceptibility Hazard management system to predict Climate Mapping Landslides, Debris Flows and Flash Floods. 11 DeepFlood: Rapid flood Advanced flood inundation mapping tool Climate inundation mapping using using SAR data and deep learning models Vision Transformers and for real-time, automated flood detection. Satellite Data 12 ⁠Moskeet: Climate impact on AI-powered platform integrates real-time Climate mosquito-borne diseases climate data with mosquito tracking to predict and prevent disease outbreaks. 13 End to End AI Cloud AI cloud platform for radiology diagnosis, Healthcare Platform for Radiology integrating innovative technologies such as Diagnosis CV, GenAI, NLP, Dicom, mobile, and cloud computing. 14 NIDAAN (iNtegrated lung qXR, an advanced AI tool for interpreting Healthcare health screening & chest X-rays (CXR), detects & localizes tuberculosIs Detection 30+ findings. through Ai At National scale) 15 Impactful AI solution, Early detection of vision threatening Healthcare preventing preventable retinal abnormalities. blindness, for socio- economic transformation. 16 AI Powered Wearable AI Enabled Hardware Platform for Joint Healthcare Technology for Detection & Pain Diagnostics and Rehabilitation Diagnosis of Segments of Healthcare. Musculoskeletal Joint Health Pain. 17 VoxelBox Neuro-informatics platform that allows to Healthcare map the functional maps / connectomics of the human brain. 18 Development of Ocellux: Portable, affordable and highly accessible Healthcare An AI-Based Solution for retina imaging device powered by AI for Enhanced Early Diabetic early detection of eye diseases like Eye Screening in INDIA. Diabetic Retinopathy, AMD & Glaucoma. 19 Revolutionizing healthcare AI-powered personal doctor available Healthcare using doctor-led AI 24x7 and free of cost, designed to assist people when they are sick, monitor their health through wearables, and act as a health coach to prevent diseases.20 AI/ML enabled MafPro MafPro handheld detector provides a Healthcare device platform for cancer radiation-free, non-invasive, safe and cost- staging, localization, and effective solution that can reliably detect margins. and adequately evaluate metastases in lymph nodes using AI/ML based algorithms. 21 Readabled (Online Dyslexia Web-based application designed to help Learning Training) children with dyslexia improve phonetic disabilities awareness through interactive exercises. 22 Voice fusion AI AI application to provide assistive support Learning to individuals with SLDs in multiple disabilities Indian languages. 23 ScreenPlay - a digital game Digital, game-based screening tool Learning based screening tool for designed to identify children aged 3 to 6 disabilities autism and related disorders. who may be at risk for autism or related developmental conditions. 24 Jiveesha AI-powered diagnostic platform for early Learning detection of SLDs. disabilities 25 Adaptive Learning and Advanced AI techniques to detect SLDs Learning Detection for SLDs such as dyslexia, dysgraphia, and disabilities dyscalculia. 26 Special Educator AI AI-driven system designed to address Learning India’s shortage of special educators and disabilities support children with SLDs. 27 ConvoZen.AI by NoBroker AI-powered conversational platform that Governance Technologies automates customer engagement across channels like chat, voice, email, and social media, offering fast, personalized, and multilingual support. 28 AI contact center AI-powered technologies like machine Governance translation, NLP, ASR and TTS, and multilingual voice recognition to enhance governance by improving communication and accessibility across India’s linguistic diversity.29 Adalat AI: AI solutions for AI-powered platform provides real-time Governance Courts multilingual transcription, translation, live case flow management, and WhatsApp chatbots to streamline courtroom operations. 30 Gov.Civis.Vote AI-powered Digital Public Infrastructure Governance designed to transform public consultations in India by making citizen engagement more inclusive, scalable, and comprehensive.Annexure-III Details of projects selected under the Safe and Trusted Pillar are as follows: NAME OF SELECTED APPLICANT TITLE OF THE PROJECT THE THEME Machine IIT Jodhpur Machine Unlearning in Generative Unlearning Foundation Models Synthetic Data IIT Roorkee Design and Development of Method for Generation Generating Synthetic Data for Mitigating Bias in Datasets; and Framework for Mitigating Bias in Machine Learning Pipeline for Responsible AI AI Bias National Institute of Development of Responsible Artificial Mitigation Technology Raipur Intelligence for Bias Mitigation in Health Strategy Care Systems Explainable AI DIAT Pune and Mindgraph Enabling Explainable and Privacy Framework Technology Pvt. Ltd. Preserving AI for Security Privacy IIT Delhi, IIIT Delhi, IIT Robust Privacy-Preserving Machine Enhancing Dharwad and Learning Models Strategy Telecommunication Engineering Center (TEC) AI Ethical IIIT Delhi and Tools for assessing fairness of AI model Certification Telecommunication Framework Engineering Center (TEC) AI Algorithm Civic Data Labs ParakhAI: An open-source framework and Auditing Tool toolkit for Participatory Algorithmic Auditing AI Governance Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Track-LLM, Transparency, Risk Testing and Telecommunication Assessment, Context & Knowledge for Framework Engineering Center (TEC) Large Language Models Deepfake IIT Jodhpur (CI) & IIT Madras Saakshya: Multi-Agent, RAG-Enhanced Detection Tool Framework for Deepfake Detection and GovernanceIIT Mandi & Directorate of AI Vishleshak: Improving Audio-Visual Forensic Services, Himachal Deepfake Detection and Handwritten Pradesh Signature Forgery Detection with Adversarial Robustness, Explainability & Domain Generalization IIT Kharagpur Real-Time Voice Deepfake Detection System Bias Mitigation Digital Futures Lab & Karya Evaluating Gender Bias in Agriculture LLMs- Creating Digital Public Goods (DPG) for Benchmarking and Fair Data Work Penetration Globals ITES Pvt Ltd & IIIT Anvil: Penetration Testing & Evaluation Testing & Dharwad Tool for LLM and Generative AI Evaluation ********