**Executive Summary**
This document presents the Ministry of Food Processing Industries' response to Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 2138, answered on February 12, 2026, regarding the production of fruits and vegetables in India. It provides data on production, post-harvest losses, value addition, and cold storage capacity. The data includes figures from 2014 up to the latest available estimates.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Fruit and Vegetable Production:**
* Provides year-wise production data from 2014-15 to 2024-25 (third advance estimates).
* In 2024-25, fruit production was estimated at 118,759.63 thousand MT and vegetable production at 215,683.72 thousand MT.
* **Post-Harvest Losses:**
* Estimates are based on two studies: ICAR-CIPHET (2015) with reference year 2012-14 and NABCONS (2022) with reference year 2020-22.
* Provides quantity and monetary loss estimates for various fruits and vegetables, including Apples, Bananas, Citrus, Grapes, Guava, Mango, Papaya, Sapota, Pineapple, Pomegranate, Muskmelon, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Green Pea, Mushroom, Onion, Potato, Tomato, Tapioca, Bottle gourd, Brinjal, Beans, Radish, Capsicum, and Okra.
* **Value Addition:**
* Presents the estimated level of processing for fruits and vegetables based on two studies: Institute of Economic Growth (IEG) in 2014 (reference year 2010-11) and Deloitte in 2021 (reference years 2015-16 and 2018-19).
* The estimated level of processing of fruits and vegetables, ranging from 1.6% to 4.5%, and 2.1% to 2.7%, respectively.
* **Cold Storage Capacity:**
* The estimated requirement for cold storage increased from 32.72 lakh MT in 2015 to 48.03 lakh MT in 2025.
* The Ministry is implementing the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana (PMKSY) to address the gap in cold storage. As of 31.12.2025, 1196 projects have been completed/operationalised, supporting 690 cold storages creating a preservation capacity of 51.82 LMT/annum.
* 1541 reefer vehicles and insulated tankers have been supported under the Cold Chain and Operation Greens component schemes under PMKSY.
* Under the Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH), assistance has been provided for the establishment of 43999 pack houses, 171 refrigerated vans and 943 ripening chambers, and 1647 cold storages (capacity 74.67 Lakh MT) from 2014-15 to 2024-25.
**Impact Analysis**
**Ministry of Food Processing Industries**
* **Impact:** Responsible for addressing post-harvest losses, promoting value addition, and bridging the cold storage gap in the fruit and vegetable sector.
* **Action Required:** Continue implementing schemes like PMKSY and supporting the development of cold chain infrastructure.
**Farmers and Producers of Fruits and Vegetables**
* **Impact:** Affected by post-harvest losses and the availability of cold storage facilities.
* **Action Required:** Utilize available schemes and infrastructure to minimize losses and improve value addition.
**Consumers**
* **Impact:** Directly impacted by the availability, quality, and price of fruits and vegetables, which are influenced by production levels, post-harvest losses, and storage infrastructure.
* **Action Required:** No direct action required but benefits from the reduction of post-harvest losses.
Key Entities Referenced
Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI): The primary ministry responsible for the subject matter of the unstarred question regarding fruits and vegetable production, post-harvest losses, and value addition.
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana (PMKSY): Central sector umbrella scheme being implemented by MoFPI to bridge the gap in cold storage capacity, which is relevant to addressing post harvest losses
Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) - Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering & Technology (CIPHET): One of the institutions that conducted studies on post-harvest losses commissioned by MoFPI.
NABARD Consultancy Service Pvt. Ltd (NABCONS): Another institution which conducted a study on post harvest losses
Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH): Scheme implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare that also supported infrastructure development related to horticulture
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO: 2138
ANSWERED ON 12TH FEBRUARY, 2026
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES PRODUCTION
2138. MR PATHAN YUSUF:
Will the Minister of FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES be pleased to state:
(a) the details of fruits and vegetable production (in volume and value) since 2014, year-
wise and category-wise;
(b) the details of crop loss (in volume and value) in case of fruits and vegetables since 2014,
year-wise and category-wise;
(c) the details of value addition in fruits and vegetables (in volume and value) since 2014,
year-wise; and
(d) the details of the required and available cold storage capacity, pack-houses, reefer
vehicles and ripening chambers?
ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES
(SHRI RAVNEET SINGH)
(a): Year-wise details of fruits and vegetable production in the country is given at Annexure
I.
(b): The Ministry of Food Processing Industries estimates post-harvest losses from time to
time for various agri-produces in the country through commissioning of studies based on
primary surveys. Two studies were commissioned by the Ministry through (i) Indian Council
of Agriculture Research (ICAR) - Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering & Technology
(CIPHET), 2015 with reference year 2012-14 and (ii) NABARD Consultancy Service Pvt. Ltd
(NABCONS), 2022 with reference year 2020-22. The available studies on post-harvest losses
are periodic in nature and do not provide year-wise estimates since 2014. Thus, as per these
two studies, the estimates of post-harvest losses in the crops covered in the Fruits & Vegetables
category in terms of quantity and monetary loss as reported in the reports are as below:
Fruits Quantity Loss (in Lakh MT)_ Monetary Loss (in Rs.
&Vegetables Crore)
As per As per As per As per
ICAR- NABCONS ICAR- NABCONS
CIPHET Study (2022) CIPHET Study (2022)
Study (2015) Study (2015)
Apple 2.36 2.16 2121.19 1941.53
Banana 25.66 25.03 5922.01 5777.01
Citrus 13.80 10.98 5463.51 4347.13
Grapes 2.90 2.40 1885.41 1562.08
Guava 7.28 6.90 2339.32 2217.05
Mango 18.67 17.39 11363.47 10581.92
Papaya 3.65 3.71 799.22 786.10
Sapota 0.78 0.80 268.65 263.13
Pineapple - 1.08 - 303.74Pomegranate - 2.23 - 1533.08
Muskmelon - 1.01 - 232.30
Cabbage 8.96 7.79 1414.18 1230.05
Cauliflower 8.82 7.28 2056.03 1696.87
Green Pea 4.36 3.76 2651.30 2288.30
Mushroom 0.23 0.17 293.10 221.90
Onion 21.85 19.34 5823.94 5156.32
Potato 41.12 33.48 7042.24 5733.84
Tomato 26.35 24.59 6344.45 5921.15
Tapioca 3.18 3.38 604.24 642.50
Bottle gourd - 2.22 - 338.67
Brinjal - 9.54 - 1989.50
Beans - 1.85 - 758.95
Radish - 2.11 - 252.13
Capsicum - 0.29 - 105.13
Okra - 3.89 - 1123.77
(c): To assess the value addition in various agricultural commodities, the Government has
conducted two studies to determine the level of processing, viz., (i) “An Assessment of the
Extent of Food Processing in Various Food Sub-Sectors” in 2014 conducted by the Institute
of Economic Growth (IEG) and (ii) “Study to Determine the Level of Food Processing in
India” in 2021 commissioned by the Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) through
Deloitte. The available studies on level of processing are periodic in nature and do not provide
year-wise estimates since 2014. The details of the extent of processing of Fruits and Vegetables
in percentage as reported in the reports are as below:
Category/ Estimated level of processing (in %)
Commodity
IEG Study 2014 Deloitte Study 2021
2010-11 2010-11 2015-16 2018-19
Fruits 2.4 1.6 2.9 4.5
Vegetables 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.7
(d): As per the study commissioned by Ministry of Food Processing Industries through M/s
Academy of Management Studies (AMS), New Delhi, the estimated requirement for cold
storage increased from the NCCD-estimated gap of 32.72 lakh MT in 2015 to 48.03 lakh MT
in 2025 due to demand from the increasing urban population. To bridge this gap, the Ministry
of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) has been implementing a central sector umbrella
scheme called “Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana (PMKSY)” since 2017-18 across the
country. Under component schemes of PMKSY 1607 projects have been approved as on
31.12.2025. Out of these 1196 projects have been completed/operationalised under which 690
cold storages for captive use only have been supported creating a preservation capacity of 51.82
LMT/annum. Further, a total of 1541 number of reefer vehicles & insulated tankers have been
supported under the Cold Chain and Operation Greens component schemes under PMKSY.
Apart from this, under Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)
implemented by Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, during the last 10 years i.e. from
2014-15 to 2024-25, assistance has been provided for establishment of 43999 pack houses, 171
refrigerated vans and 943 ripening chambers and a total of 1647 cold storages have been
developed with capacity of 74.67 Lakh MT.
*****ANNEXURE I
ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN PART (a) OF LOK SABHA UNSTARRED
QUESTION NO. 2138 ANSWERED ON 12.02.2026 REGARDING ‘FRUITS AND
VEGETABLES PRODUCTION’
Production of Fruits and Vegetables from 2014-15 to 2024-25 (Third Advance
Estimates)
Production in '000 MT
S. No. Years Fruits Vegetables
1 2014-15 86601.68 169478.23
2 2015-16 90183.04 169063.93
3 2016-17 92918.05 178172.40
4 2017-18 96447.00 184040.79
5 2018-19 97966.66 183169.61
6 2019-20 102079.85 188283.83
7 2020-21 102481.17 200445.23
8 2021-22 107507.24 209143.40
9 2022-23 110207.45 212548.44
10 2023-24 112978.02 207207.84
11 2024-25 (Third Adv. Est.) 118759.63 215683.72