**Executive Summary**
This document provides the government's answer to Unstarred Question No. 3097 in Lok Sabha regarding the implementation and progress of the Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U) and SBM-U 2.0. The answer, dated December 18, 2025, details the status of the mission, waste processing capacity, findings from evaluations, and steps to integrate technology, and outlines actions to promote cleanliness and address grievances.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **SBM-U and SBM-U 2.0 Implementation:**
* SBM-U is under implementation since 2014, and SBM-U 2.0 was launched in October 2021.
* All States/UTs are declared Open Defecation Free under SBM-U.
* State-wise details, including ODF & GFC rating, are available at https://sbmurban.org/.
* **Waste Processing Capacity:**
* Under SBM-U 2.0, action plans have been approved for setting up various waste processing plants.
* Approved capacity includes 47204 TPD for waste to composting, 8701.5 TPD for bio-methanation, 43833 TPD for Material Recovery Facilities, 4462 TPD for Waste to Electricity, 24125 TPD for Sanitary Landfill, 20643.02 TPD for Transfer Stations, and 8450 TPD for Construction & Demolition waste.
* 580 mechanical road sweepers and remediation of 19.25 Cr MT of legacy waste are included.
* 7783 solid waste processing facilities have been established to date.
* State-wise details of waste processing are available at https://sbmurban.org/swachh-bharat-mission-progess.
* **Evaluation Findings:**
* Evaluation report released in September 2025, indicates SBM-U & SBM-U 2.0 have significantly improved dignity and safety, especially for vulnerable populations.
* Findings show a reduction in open urination and defecation, with 94% stating no household members continue open defecation.
* 4,443 ULBs practice segregated door-to-door collection in more than 25% of wards and 2,334 cities have at least 80% of toilets attached to sewage.
* Swachh Survekshan 2024 report can be found at https://ss-2024.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/PDFs/SSU_Report_21072025.pdf and Garbage Free Cities Star Rating results at https://sbmurban.org/gfc-result-dashboard-2024-25.
* **Technology Integration:**
* MoHUA promotes technology innovation for solid and liquid waste management, collaborating with DPIIT to identify start-ups.
* An incubation center is set up at IIT Kanpur for providing incubation support.
* Swachhata App is available for citizen grievance redressal.
* A public dashboard captures live data at https://swachhurban.org for project monitoring.
**Impact Analysis**
**Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA)**
* **Impact:** Responsible for the overall implementation and monitoring of SBM-U and SBM-U 2.0, including establishing waste processing infrastructure and promoting technological innovations.
* **Action Required:** Continue overseeing the mission, ensuring the effective deployment of action plans, and leveraging technology for improved waste management and citizen engagement.
**State Governments / Union Territories**
* **Impact:** Responsible for implementing SBM-U and SBM-U 2.0 at the local level and ensuring ODF status is maintained.
* **Action Required:** Implement the action plans for waste processing, monitor progress towards garbage-free cities, and ensure citizen participation through the Swachhata App.
**Urban Local Bodies (ULBs)**
* **Impact:** Directly involved in waste collection, processing, and disposal, as well as improving sanitation facilities and promoting cleanliness in their respective areas.
* **Action Required:** Implement door-to-door waste collection, ensure proper waste segregation, and provide access to clean toilets for citizens.
**Citizens**
* **Impact:** Beneficiaries of improved sanitation, cleaner public spaces, and reduced environmental hazards.
* **Action Required:** Practice proper waste segregation, report cleanliness-related issues through the Swachhata App, and actively participate in maintaining a clean environment.
**Women, Elderly, and Vulnerable Communities**
* **Impact:** Experience improved dignity, safety, and privacy due to improved sanitation facilities and waste management practices.
* **Action Required:** Utilize the improved sanitation facilities and actively participate in maintaining cleanliness in their communities.
Key Entities Referenced
Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U): A national sanitation program aimed at making urban areas in India clean and free of open defecation.
Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs: The central ministry responsible for the implementation and oversight of urban development and housing policies, including Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban.
Swachh Survekshan: An annual survey conducted to rank cities based on their cleanliness and sanitation efforts under the Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban.
Maharashtra: A state in India where the implementation of the Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban is specifically mentioned.
Jalgaon Municipal Corporation: A municipal corporation in Maharashtra, specifically mentioned in the context of SBM-U implementation.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3097
TO BE ANSWERED ON DECEMBER 18, 2025
IMPLEMENTATION AND PROGRESS UNDER SWACHH BHARAT MISSION–
URBAN (SBM-U) AND SBM-U 2.0
NO. 3097. SHRI PRADEEP KUMAR SINGH:
SHRI BHARATSINHJI SHANKARJI DABHI:
SHRI ALOK SHARMA:
SHRI BALABHADRA MAJHI:
SHRI BIBHU PRASAD TARAI:
SHRI VIJAY BAGHEL:
SHRI GODAM NAGESH:
SMT. SMITA UDAY WAGH:
SHRI KHAGEN MURMU:
Will the Minister of HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS be pleased to state:
(a) the status of implementation of Swachh Bharat Mission–Urban (SBM-U)
and SBM-U 2.0 including progress in achieving garbage-free and open-
defecation-free ratings across the country, city and State-wise,
particularly in Maharashtra and Jalgaon Lok Sabha Constituency;
(b) the details of waste processing capacity created under SBM-U and SBM-
U 2.0 including the number of operational solid waste management
plants, material recovery facilities,
construction and demolition waste plants and bio-mining sites, State-
wise;
(c) whether the Government has conducted any evaluation of SBM-U and
SBM-U 2.0;
(d) if so, the major findings regarding sanitation outcomes, waste
segregation levels and city performance under Swachh Survekshan
thereof, city-wise including improvements recorded in Maharashtra and
Jalgaon Municipal Corporation; and
(e) the steps taken to integrate technologies, start-ups and digital platforms
including for waste tracking, citizen grievance redressal and Swachh
certification process?
…2/--2-
ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE
MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS
(SHRI TOKHAN SAHU)
(a) : Swachh Bharat Mission- Urban is under implementation in all the
urban areas of the country including Jalgaon Municipal Corporation,
Maharashtra since 2014. To carry forward the progress made under first
phase, SBM-U 2.0 was launched during October, 2021. All the States/UTs
have been declared Open Defecation Free under SBM-U. State-wise and
city-wise details of ODF & GFC rating alongwith the status of
implementation of SBM-U with respect to collection of waste,
segregation and processing of municipal waste is available at
https://sbmurban.org/.
(b) : Under Solid Waste Management component of SBM-U 2.0, action
plans have been approved for setting up of waste to composting plants
of 47204 tonnes per day (TPD), bio-methanation plants of 8701.5 TPD,
Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs) of 43833 TPD, Waste to Electricity
plants of 4462 TPD, Sanitary Landfill (SLF) of 24125 TPD, Transfer
station of 20643.02 TPD, Construction & Demolition (C&D) waste
processing plants of 8450 TPD alongwith 580 mechanical road sweepers
and remediation of 19.25 Cr MT of legacy waste. As of now, 7783 solid
waste processing facilities have been established.
State-wise details of waste processing facilities along with status of
remediation of legacy waste dumpsites are available on website at
https://sbmurban.org/swachh-bharat-mission-progess.
(c) & (d) : As per evaluation report of Centrally Sponsored Schemes on
Urban Transformation and Skill Development conducted by Development
Monitoring and Evaluation Office (DMEO), NITI Aayog released during
September, 2025, SBM-U & SBM-U 2.0 has significantly improved dignity
and safety, especially for women, the elderly, and vulnerable
communities. Primary analysis findings revealed a reduction in open
urination and defecation across their cities post- construction of IHHLs
under SBM-U, with 94% stating that no household members continued
open defecation, indicating a strong behavioral shift. The intervention
also improved privacy and personal safety, especially for women and the
elderly in slum areas.
…3/--3-
On improved solid waste management, the report stated that significant
impact has been achieved leading to cleaner public spaces and reduced
environmental hazards.
In addition, MoHUA has been conducting an annual cleanliness survey –
Swachh Survekshan since the year 2016, to further trigger positive
competition amongst cities towards achieving the objectives of the
Mission.
As per the findings of Swachh Survekshan 2024 report, 4,443 ULBs
across the country practice segregated door to door collection in more
than 25 % of the wards. Also, 2,334 cities have at least 80 % of all
toilets, including IHHL, CT & PT, attached to sewage. The findings of
Swachh Survekshan 2024 may be accessed at https://ss-2024.s3.ap-
south-1.amazonaws.com/PDFs/SSU_Report_21072025.pdf. The Garbage
Free Cities Star Rating results may also be accessed at
https://sbmurban.org/gfc-result-dashboard-2024-25.
(e) : MoHUA promotes technology innovation for solid and liquid waste
management. To provide an enabling environment in the waste
management sector, in collaboration with Department for Promotion of
Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), start-ups and entrepreneurs are
identified through a challenge mode. Also, a incubation center has been
set up at Startup Incubation and Innovation Center (SIIC), IIT Kanpur for
providing one year of incubation support to the shortlisted organizations.
Further to promote citizen participation and redressal of grievance, one-
stop grievance redressal platform, Swachhata App has also been made
available to citizens to submit any complaints related to cleanliness. In
addition, a public dashboard captures live data at
https://swachhurban.org for project monitoring.
*****