Executive Summary:
The Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) has been implementing the Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure (Cold Chain) scheme under Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana (PMKSY). As of June 30, 2025, 291 out of 395 approved integrated cold chain projects since 2008 have been completed, creating preservation and processing capacities of 25.49 LMT/annum and 113.16 LMT/annum, respectively. Studies from 2015 and 2022 assess post-harvest losses of various agri-produces. State-wise cold storage facilities as of January 31, 2025, and estimated requirements based on 2014-15 urban population are detailed in Annexure I and II.
Key Points / Main Content:
Cold Chain Scheme Implementation:
* Under the PMKSY, the MoFPI is implementing the Cold Chain scheme.
* As of 30.06.2025, 395 integrated cold chain projects have been approved since 2008.
* 291 projects have been completed and operationalized.
* Completed projects provide a preservation capacity of 25.49 LMT/annum.
* Completed projects provide a processing capacity of 113.16 LMT/annum.
Cold Storage Capacity and Requirements:
* A 2015 NCCD report assessed gaps between existing and required cold chain infrastructure.
* Annexure I details state-wise cold storage facilities as of 31.01.2025.
* Annexure II details estimated state-wise cold storage requirements based on 2014-15 urban population.
Post-Harvest Loss Assessment:
* MoFPI commissions studies to estimate harvest and post-harvest losses.
* ICAR-CIPHET study (2015) assessed losses with reference to 2012-14 data.
* NABCONS study (2022) assessed losses with reference to 2020-22 data.
* Studies considered losses at various stages: harvesting, collection, transportation, storage, processing, etc.
* Estimated losses vary by commodity, as detailed in the provided table.
Impact Analysis:
Agricultural Producers:
* Impact: Benefit from enhanced preservation and processing infrastructure, potentially reducing post-harvest losses.
* Action Required: Utilize available cold chain facilities to minimize wastage and improve marketability of produce.
Food Processing Industries:
* Impact: Access to improved cold chain infrastructure can lead to better quality raw materials and reduced losses.
* Action Required: Integrate cold chain facilities into supply chain management for efficient operations.
Consumers:
* Impact: Potential access to better quality and a more consistent supply of agricultural products due to reduced post-harvest losses.
* Action Required: No direct action required.
Government (MoFPI):
* Impact: Required to monitor the progress of the Cold Chain scheme and its impact on reducing post-harvest losses.
* Action Required: Continue implementing and evaluating the Cold Chain scheme to address infrastructure gaps and minimize food wastage.
Researchers (ICAR, NABCONS):
* Impact: Their studies provide crucial data for assessing post-harvest losses and informing policy decisions.
* Action Required: Continue conducting research to identify areas for improvement in post-harvest management and cold chain infrastructure.
Key Entities Referenced
Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI): The Indian government ministry responsible for food processing policies and initiatives. Implemented the Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure scheme.
Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure (Cold Chain scheme): A component scheme of Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana (PMKSY) aimed at developing cold chain infrastructure in India. It is managed by the MoFPI.
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana (PMKSY): A comprehensive scheme for food processing and preservation in India, under which the Cold Chain scheme is implemented.
National Centre for Coldchain Development (NCCD): An autonomous body of the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare that published a report on All India Coldchain Infrastructure Capacity Assessment of Status Gap.
Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare: The department that reported Statewise cold storage facilities created as on 31.01.2025 in the country.
Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) - Central Institute of Post Harvest Engineering Technology (CIPHET), Ludhiana: An agricultural research institute that conducted a study on Assessment of Quantitative Harvest and Post-Harvest Losses of Major Crops and Commodities in India.
NABARD Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. (NABCONS): A consultancy service that conducted a Study to determine Post harvest losses of Agri Produce in India.
Ludhiana, Punjab: Location of Central Institute of Post Harvest Engineering & Technology (CIPHET).
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3134
ANSWERED ON 07TH AUGUST, 2025
INTEGRATED COLD CHAIN AND VALUE ADDITION INFRASTRUCTURE
3134. DR. MOHAMMAD JAWED:
Will the Minister of FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES be pleased to state:
(a) the details regarding growth of Integrated Cold Chain and the Value Addition
Infrastructure in the country so far;
(b) whether there are enough Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure
facilities in the country to cater to the need considering agriculture-based economy of
the country and if so, the details thereof;
(c) the estimated number of additional cold storages required in the country along with the
details of the existing cold storage and its deficit, State-wise;
(d) whether the Government has identified locations where there is a need for cold storages
across the country and if so, the details thereof; and
(e) whether there has been a significant drop in the wastage of food and farm products
with the growth of cold chain during the last five years and if so, the details thereof,
year-wise?
ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES
(SHRI RAVNEET SINGH)
(a) & (b): The Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) has been implementing a
component scheme- Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure (Cold Chain
scheme) of Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana(PMKSY). Under Cold Chain scheme, so
far (up to 30.06.2025), 395 integrated cold chain projects have been approved since 2008. Out
of 395 total approved projects, 291 projects have been completed and operationalized, thereby
creating preservation and processing capacity of 25.49 LMT/ annum and 113.16 LMT/ annum
respectively.
(c) & (d): A study report on “All India Cold-chain Infrastructure Capacity (Assessment of
Status & Gap)” published during 2015 by National Centre for Cold-chain Development
(NCCD), an autonomous body of Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, highlighted the
gap assessed between the existing capacity of infrastructure already created in the country and
the estimated requirement. The details of (i) State-wise cold storage (as on 31.01.2025 as
reported by Department of Agriculture and Farmers welfare) already created in the country and
(ii) estimated State-wise cold storage requirement worked out based on the urban population
(2014-15) of the country as provided in the said report are placed at Annexure-I & II
respectively.(e): MoFPI estimates harvest and post-harvest losses from time to time for various agri-
produces in the country through commissioning of studies. Two studies were commissioned
by the Ministry through:
(i) Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) -Central Institute of Post-
Harvest Engineering & Technology (CIPHET), Ludhiana on “Assessment of
Quantitative Harvest and Post-Harvest Losses of Major Crops and Commodities
in India”, 2015 with reference year 2012-14; and
(ii) NABARD Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. (NABCONS), namely, “Study to
determine Post harvest losses of Agri Produce in India” in 2022 with reference
year 2020-22.
The different stages considered for assessment of losses were harvesting, collection,
grading/sorting, winnowing/cleaning, drying, packaging, transportation, storage at farm level
and at godown, wholesalers, retailers, processing unit and transport at market level. The details
of estimated loss of various agri-produces are as below:
Post-harvest losses of major crops and commodities
Crops/ Commodities Estimated Loss (%)
As per ICAR-CIPHET As per NABCONS study
Study (2015)* (2022)**
Cereals 4.65 - 5.99 3.89-5.92
Pulses 6.36 - 8.41 5.65-6.74
Oil Seeds 3.08 - 9.96 2.87-7.51
Fruits 6.70-15.88 6.02-15.05
Vegetables 4.58-12.44 4.87-11.61
Plantation Crops & Spices 1.18-7.89 1.29-7.33
Milk 0.92 0.87
Fisheries (Inland) 5.23 4.86
Fisheries (Marine) 10.52 8.76
Meat 2.71 2.34
Poultry 6.74 5.63
Egg 7.19 6.03
Source: *Report on Assessment of Quantitative Harvest and Post-Harvest Losses of Major
Crops and commodities in India, 2015. **NABCONS Study 2022
*****ANNEXURE-I
ANNEXURE-I REFERRED IN REPLY TO PART (c) & (d) OF THE LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3134 FOR ANSWER ON 07.08.2025 REGARDING
“INTEGRATED COLD CHAIN AND VALUE ADDITION INFRASTRUCTURE”
State-wise Cold Storage facilities created as on 31.01.2025 in the country
S. State/UT No. of project Cold Storage created (Capacity
No. in MT) [as reported by
Department of Agriculture &
Farmers Welfare during 2025]
1 Andaman & Nicobar (UT) 4 2210
2 Andhra Pradesh & 480 1996340
Telangana
3 Arunachal Pradesh 2 6000
4 Assam 43 206742
5 Bihar 316 1490200
6 Chandigarh(UT) 7 12462
7 Chhattisgarh 130 577663
8 Delhi 97 129857
9 Goa 29 7705
10 Gujarat 1023 4042770
11 Haryana 386 870703
12 Himachal Pradesh 89 181318
13 Jammu & Kashmir 92 151833
14 Jharkhand 59 242655
15 Karnataka 268 912417
16 Kerala 202 96655
17 Lakshadweep(UT) 1 15
18 Madhya Pradesh 320 1381827
19 Maharashtra 665 1219851
20 Manipur 2 4500
21 Meghalaya 4 8200
22 Mizoram 3 4071
23 Nagaland 5 8150
24 Odisha 182 579321
25 Puducherry (UT) 4 185
26 Punjab 770 2604206
27 Rajasthan 190 648908
28 Sikkim 2 2100
29 Tamil Nadu 188 399690
30 Telangana 116 617131
31 Tripura 14 46354
31 Uttar Pradesh 2488 15096476
32 Uttarakhand 62 206848
33 West Bengal 517 5952997
Total 8760 39708360ANNEXURE-II
ANNEXURE-II REFERRED IN REPLY TO PART (c) & (d) OF THE LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3134 FOR ANSWER ON 07.08.2025 REGARDING
“INTEGRATED COLD CHAIN AND VALUE ADDITION INFRASTRUCTURE”
State-wise breakup of cold storage requirement as on 2014-15 as reported by NCCD,
during 2015.
State Urban Per cent of Total Cold Storage
Population Population required (Capacity in
(2014-15) MT)
Andhra Pradesh 18428602 4.46 530925
Arunachal Pradesh 354419 0.09 7508
Assam 4774459 1.15 71996
Bihar 13008947 3.15 5123982
Chhattisgarh 6670958 1.61 513830
Delhi 17718674 4.29 40122
Goa 1002786 0.24 2271
Gujarat 28523771 6.9 2239476
Haryana 9998498 2.42 240395
Himachal Pradesh 722662 0.17 306147
Jammu & Kashmir 3807726 0.92 907842
Jharkhand 8710072 2.11 24951
Karnataka 25886395 6.26 210313
Kerala 19831340 4.8 45874
Madhya Pradesh 21658925 5.24 1867179
Maharashtra 54543414 13.19 157709
Manipur 943761 0.23 5062
Meghalaya 651738 0.16 18704
Mizoram 623469 0.15 8920
Nagaland 676818 0.16 8675
Odisha 7583316 1.83 305500
Punjab 11227754 2.72 1693408
Rajasthan 18558887 4.49 53395
Sikkim 210234 0.05 2621
Tamil Nadu 37817826 9.15 194640
Telangana 12806317 3.1 277129
Tripura 1161198 0.28 8554
Uttar Pradesh 48414644 11.71 10675137
Uttarakhand 3410752 0.82 72931
West Bengal 31729218 7.67 9480929
UT & Others 4539
Total 413461936 35100664