Parliament Question: Post-Harvest Losses

GOVERNMENTOF INDIA MINISTRY OF FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1976 ANSWERED ON 11TH DECEMBER, 2025 POST-HARVEST LOSSES 1976. SHRI BALWANT BASWANT WANKHADE: SHRI RAMASAHAYAM RAGHURAM REDDY: SHRI JOYANTA BASUMATARY: Will the Minister of Food Processing Industries be pleased to state: a) the quantum of post-harvest losses of agricultural and horticultural commodities in the country including in North Eastern regions during the last ten years, year-wise and commodity-wise; b) the details of funds allocated and projects supported for the development of post-harvest infrastructure, year-wise and State-wise; and c) the new initiatives being planned to significantly expand food processing capacity and modern storage to minimize wastage and increase farmers' income? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES (SHRI RAVNEET SINGH) (a) To assess the post-harvest losses in the country, Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) had commissioned two studies through Indian Council for Agricultural Research – Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering & Technology (ICAR-CIPHET), 2015 with reference year 2012- 14 and NABARD Consultancy Service Pvt. Ltd (NABCONS), 2022 with reference year 2020-22. Since, the ICAR-CIPHET study had not captured category-wise and State-wise quantity losses of agricultural commodities whereas in the NABCONS study the total estimated percentage loss at the State level had been reported. Thus, the State-wise information of estimated percentage loss is placed at Annexure-I and the category wise quantity loss of Post-Harvest losses of various agricultural produce in India is as under: Estimated Quantity Loss Crops/ Commodities As per NABCONS study (million MT) (2022) Cereals 12.49 Pulses 1.37 Oil Seeds 2.11 Fruits 7.36 Vegetables 11.97 Plantation Crops (including 30.59 sugarcane and & Spices Livestock produce (milk, 3.01 meat and fish) Egg* 7363 *For eggs, production in million numbers and price per eggs were taken(b) & (c) MoFPI through implementation of various initiatives and schemes viz. Pradhan Mantri Kisan SAMPADA Yojana (PMKSY), Prime Minister Formalization of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME) and Production Linked Incentive Scheme for Food Processing Industries (PLISFPI) aims for the overall development of food processing sector. Under various component of the aforementioned schemes, the MoFPI provides financial assistance for creation of modern infrastructure with efficient supply chain management from farm gate to retail outlet. The infrastructure created and assistance provided aims at providing better returns to farmers, creation of employment opportunities, reducing wastage, increasing the processing level and enhancing the export of the processed foods. MoFPI implements Central Sector umbrella scheme – Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana (PMKSY) since 2017-18 across the country. The components scheme under PMKSY are (i) Mega Food Parks (MFP scheme- discontinued w.e.f. 01.04.2021), (ii) Integrated Cold Chain & Value Addition Infrastructure (iii) Creation of Infrastructure for Agro Processing Clusters (APC scheme), (iv) Creation/ Expansion of Food Processing and Preservation Capacities (CEFPPC scheme), (v) Creation of Backward and Forward Linkages (CBFL scheme- discontinued w.e.f. 01.04.2021) and (vi) Operation Greens (OG scheme). The schemes are demand driven and proposals are invited by floating Expression of Interest from time to time based on availability of funds. Under these component schemes, MoFPI provides financial support in the form of grants-in-aid/ subsidy for setting up of food processing projects thereby creating both processing and preservation infrastructure facilities including cold chain infrastructure. The facilities created under the component schemes help in preservation & processing of raw farm produce and efficient transport of raw & finished processed food products thereby reducing post-harvest losses of farm produce. A total of 1619 projects have been sanctioned across the country since inception under PMKSY, out of which 1181 projects have been completed as on 31st October, 2025. The Pradhan Mantri Kisan SAMPADA Yojana (PMKSY) of MoFPI is a demand-driven scheme and funds are not allocated state-wise under the scheme. Details of projects supported under PMKSY state-wise and year-wise is placed at Annexure-II. MoFPI provides financial, technical and business support for setting up/ upgradation of micro food processing enterprises in the country under PMFME Scheme. The support is provided for potential entrepreneurs for all the products including One District One Product (ODOP) products under PMFME Scheme across the country. The scheme is operational from 2020-21 to 2025-26 with total outlay of Rs. 10,000 crores. As of 31st October 2025, 3,86,686 applications have been sent to banks and out of which 1,62,744 loans have been sanctioned with term loan amount of Rs. 13.23 thousand crores. Seed Capital support of Rs. 1244.95 Crore has been sanctioned for 3,65,935 women SHG members. PLIFPI Scheme of MoFPI is intended, inter alia, to support creation of global food manufacturing champions and support Indian brands of food products in international market. The scheme is being implemented over a six-year period from 2021-22 to 2026-27 with an outlay of Rs.10,900 crores. By 31st October 2025, 170 applications have been approved under this scheme, with beneficiaries reporting investment of ₹9,032 crore and receiving incentive of ₹2162.553 crore. ****Annexure-I ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) OF LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1976 FOR ANSWER ON 11TH DECEMBER, 2025 ON “POST-HARVEST LOSSES” State Wise Post-Harvest Losses Andhra Pradesh Assam Chhattisgarh Overall Overall Overall Total Product Total Loss Product Product Total Loss Loss (%) (%) (%) Bajra 5.07 C abbage 7.38 Bo ttlegourd 6.77 Banana 9.33 E gg 6.05 Gu ava 13.79 Black gram 5.56 M eat 3.44 Pa ddy 3.92 Cashew nut 4.82 M ushroom 4.48 Ra dish 6.66 Chickpea 5.71 P addy 6.07 Chilli 7.06 P ineapple 7.11 Gujarat Overall Citrus Poultry Meat Product Total Loss 7.97 6.61 (%) Coconut 4.32 R adish 5.14 G reen gram 5.85 Cottonseed 3.03 B ajra 4.41 Andaman & Nicobar Egg Tomato 5.47 Islands 10.97 Overall Total Green gram Product Cottonseed 6.17 Loss (%) 2.93 Groundnut 6.58 A reca nut 6.44 G roundnut 5.31 Inland fish 4.68 C oconut 4.25 O kra 5.79 Maize 5.98 S apota 7.47 Mango 7.9 Bihar C abbage 8.39 Overall Total Marine fish Product Cauliflower 8.5 Loss (%) 7.99 Milk 0.58 B ottlegourd 7.35 M ilk 0.5 Muskmelon 7.42 B rinjal 7.52 O nion 7.57 Paddy 5.73 C abbage 8.7 M ustard 4.38 Papaya 6.58 C auliflower 6.76 P otato 5.18 Pomegranate 8.69 G reen gram 6.06 W heat 5.18 Poultry Meat 7.39 G uava 15.36 M aize 5.18 Sorghum 5.67 In land fish 5.99 B eans 6.65 Tapioca N/A M aize 5.83 B rinjal 6.99 Tomato 12.36 M ango 10.1 B anana 7.59 Turmeric 4.97 O kra 6.27 B lack gram 4.8 P addy 4.65 P apaya 5.81 P ineapple 5.89 P addy 4.54 P otato 6.11 P igeon Pea 4.27 R adish 5.11 S ugarcane 8.99 S unflower 5.18Haryana Jharkhand Karnataka Overall Overall Total Loss Overall Total Total Loss Product Product Product (%) Loss (%) (%) Bajra 3.77 Papaya 6.73 Areca nut 4.15 Chickpea 5.66 Bajra 5.03 Cottonseed 2.55 Jammu & Kashmir Beans 7.33 Overall Total Egg Product Black pepper Loss (%) 6.74 1.31 Meat 2.88 Apple 9.51 Capsicum 5.75 Milk 0.74 Egg 6.08 Cashew nut 3.17 Mushroom 5.91 Maize 3.92 Coconut 3.78 Mustard 4.52 Egg 5.64 Poultry Meat 4.63 Kerala Grapes 8.02 Overall Total Loss Radish Product Inland fish (%) 7.51 4.82 Sugarcane 6.34 Areca nut 4.01 Maize 4.41 Black Sunflower Marine fish 4.44 pepper 1.26 8.97 Wheat 4.37 Cashew nut 3.07 Onion 8.7 Coconut 3.61 Pigeon Pea 4.57 Himachal Pradesh Egg 5.53 Pineapple 3.73 Overall Total Loss Product Marine fish Pomegranate (%) 8.75 8.19 Apple 9.2 Meat 2.2 Safflower 3.1 Poultry Capsicum Sorghum 5.74 Meat 5.32 5.69 Green Pea 6.35 Tapioca 4.8 Soybean 6.63 Mushroom 6.01 Sugarcane 4.84 Wheat 3.32 Sunflower 4.22 Maize 2.27 Tomato 9.97 Turmeric 4.63Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Meghalaya Overall Total Overall Total Overall Total Loss Product Product Product Loss (%) Loss (%) (%) Bajra 4.53 B ajra 4.21 T apioca 4.99 Black gram 6.73 B anana 6.06 T urmeric 5.64 Bottlegourd 7.46 B lack gram 7.48 C ashew nut 4.53 Capsicum 4.33 C hickpea 5.4 Cauliflower 6.46 C itrus 8.79 Nagaland Overall Total Loss Chickpea Cottonseed Product 5.85 2.98 (%) Chilli 6.29 E ggs 5.55 Tapioca 5.42 Citrus 7.4 G rapes 6.73 Coriander 6.01 G reen gram 5.9 Odisha Overall Total Loss Egg Groundnut Product 6.33 6.16 (%) Green Pea 6.27 M aize 5.3 Bo ttle gourd 7.57 Groundnut 6.11 M ango 8.61 Br injal 7.3 Guava 14.93 M arine fish 8.8 Ca bbage 8.08 Maize 6.3 M eat 2.78 Ca uliflower 7.65 Milk 0.53 M ilk 0.65 Ch ickpea 6.09 Muskmelon 5.76 M ushroom 9.24 Eg g 6.63 Mustard 4.86 O nion 6.78 Gr een gram 6.11 Okra 5.84 P addy 4.44 In land fish 5.68 Onion 8.11 P igeon Pea 6.9 M arine fish 9.89 Paddy 4.2 P omegranate 6.02 M ushroom 13.64 Pigeon Pea 6.43 P oultry Meat 4.78 Ok ra 6.25 Potato 7 S afflower 3.02 Pa ddy 4.17 Sorghum 6.76 S orghum 6.16 To mato 13.19 Soybean 7.36 S oybean 8.84 Tomato 11.85 S ugarcane 8.61 Wheat 4.94 S unflower 4.93Punjab Tamil Nadu Uttarakhand West Bengal Overall Overall Overall Overall Product Total Loss Product Total Loss Product Total Loss Product Total (%) (%) (%) Loss (%) Capsicum 4.31 B anana 7.47 A pple 11.5 Bea ns 5.48 Citrus 5.4 B eans 7.82 M ilk 1.16 Bri njal 7.85 Green Pea 6.67 B lack gram 5.93 P addy 2.87 Cab bage 8.71 Maize 6.91 Eg g 6.6 S ugarcane 5.46 Cau liflower 7.26 Milk 0.63 G roundnut 5.31 W heat 2.51 Egg s 7.07 Green Mushroom Maize 6.7 4.39 gram 6.24 Marine Muskmelon Groundnut 5.48 fi sh 9.14 Uttar Pradesh 7.24 Overall Paddy Meat Product Total Loss Guava 3.15 3.04 (%) 15.86 Potato 5.57 M ushroom 11.03 Bajra 4.11 Inla nd fish 3.79 Black Sugarcane Paddy Maize 4.38 5.98 gram 6.11 5.42 Poultry Bottle Wheat Marine fish 4.55 M eat 6.08 gourd 6.43 8.94 So rghum 6.29 Egg 6.06 Me at 2.41 Rajasthan Su garcane 8.65 Green Pea 6.34 Mil k 1.09 Overall Product Total Loss Inland fish Mustard (%) 4.99 6.21 Bajra 5.03 Telangana Maize 5.77 Ok ra 6.05 Overall Total Black gram Product Meat Paddy 5.74 Loss (%) 2.8 5.14 Chickpea 5.83 Chi lli 6.06 Milk 1.12 Pin eapple 5.66 Mushroo Coriander Citrus Potato 5.7 7.73 m 2.74 5.71 Muskmelo Poultry Cottonseed Cottonseed 2.53 3.04 n 7.25 Mea t 5.41 Greengram 6.21 Egg 5.36 Mustard 5.97 Rad ish 6.45 Groundnut 5.03 Gre en gram 6.24 Paddy 4 Sun flower 5.21 Maize 5.81 Gro undnut 6.67 Potato 5.82 Wh eat 6.13 Poultry Milk Maize 1.35 6.51 Meat 7.24 Mustard 4.75 Me at 1.61 Sugarcane 6.91 Sorghum 6.01 Pige on Pea 5.01 Wheat 6.36 Poultry Soybean 6.54 Meat 8.12 Wheat 6.25Annexure-II ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (b) OF LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1976 FOR ANSWER ON 11TH DECEMBER, 2025 ON “POST-HARVEST LOSSES” Number of projects sanctioned under the Pradhan Mantri Kisan SAMPADA Yojana (PMKSY), State-wise, during the last four years and the current year S.No State 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 2025-26 1 Andaman & Nicobar 0 0 0 0 0 2 Andhra Pradesh 1 25 11 0 3 3 Arunachal Pradesh 0 2 5 0 0 4 Assam 2 21 36 0 0 5 Bihar 0 4 3 0 0 6 Chandigarh 0 0 0 0 0 7 Chhattisgarh 0 3 1 0 1 8 Dadar & Nagar 0 0 0 0 0 Haveli and Daman & Diu 9 Delhi 0 0 0 0 1 10 Goa 0 0 1 0 0 11 Gujarat 0 18 4 0 2 12 Haryana 0 6 9 2 1 13 Himachal Pradesh 0 1 4 0 0 14 Jammu & Kashmir 0 1 1 0 1 15 Jharkhand 0 0 0 0 0 16 Karnataka 0 6 12 0 3 17 Kerala 0 8 9 2 3 18 Ladakh 0 0 0 0 0 19 Lakshadweep 0 0 0 0 0 20 Madhya Pradesh 0 16 6 0 0 21 Maharashtra 1 55 30 0 2 22 Manipur 0 0 3 0 0 23 Meghalaya 0 0 3 0 0 24 Mizoram 0 0 0 0 0 25 Nagaland 0 0 0 0 0 26 Orissa 0 7 7 2 2 27 Puduchery 0 0 0 0 0 28 Punjab 0 10 4 0 0 29 Rajasthan 0 14 7 1 1 30 Sikkim 0 0 0 0 0 31 Tamil Nadu 1 16 17 0 11 32 Telangana 0 10 23 0 1 33 Tripura 0 1 0 0 0 34 Uttar Pradesh 0 18 9 0 3 35 Uttarakhand 0 8 4 1 0 36 West Bengal 0 8 6 0 1 Total 5 258 215 8 36