**Executive Summary**
This document is an answer to an unstarred question raised in the Lok Sabha on the progress in curbing Naxalism, to be answered on December 16, 2025. It details the government's efforts, policies, and financial investments made to reduce Left Wing Extremism (LWE) violence, strengthen security, and promote development in affected regions. The government aims for the complete eradication of LWE through a multi-pronged strategy.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **National Policy and Action Plan:**
* A "National Policy and Action Plan to address LWE" was approved in 2015.
* The plan includes security measures, development interventions, and ensuring rights for local communities.
* The implementation of the plan has resulted in a decline in violence and constriction of the geographical spread of LWE.
* **Decline in LWE Violence:**
* LWE perpetrated violence incidents decreased by 89% from 1936 in 2010 to 222 in 2025.
* Resultant deaths of Civilians & Security Forces decreased by 91% from 1005 in 2010 to 95 in 2025.
* LWE-affected districts decreased from 126 in April 2018 to 11 in October 2025, with only 3 districts now categorized as Most LWE Affected.
* **Security Measures:**
* The Government of India (GoI) supports states by providing Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs), including the Border Security Force (BSF).
* The CAPFs are responsible for holding the counter-insurgency grid together, in coordination with state police forces.
* GoI provides helicopter support, infrastructure, training, funds for modernization, intelligence sharing, and construction of Fortified Police Stations.
* **Financial Support for States:**
* Since 2014-15, Rs. 3523.48 crore have been released to LWE affected states for various purposes.
* This includes operational expenditure, training of Security Forces, rehabilitation of surrendered LWE cadre, and ex-gratia payments.
* Rs. 1757 crore have been sanctioned to LWE affected states for strengthening State's Special Forces, State Intelligence Branches (SIBs), District Police, and construction of Fortified Police Stations (FPS).
* **Surrender and Rehabilitation Policy:**
* GoI and State Governments have formulated comprehensive surrender-cum-rehabilitation policies to encourage LWEs to join the mainstream.
* The rehabilitation package includes an immediate grant of Rs. 5 lakhs for higher-ranked LWE cadres and Rs. 2.5 lakhs for other LWE cadres.
* Incentives for surrender of weapons/ammunition are provided.
* Provision exists for training in trade/vocation with a monthly stipend of Rs. 10,000 for three years.
* **Modernization of Police Forces:**
* The GoI supplements state efforts to equip and modernize their police forces under the “Assistance to States & UTs for Modernization of Police” scheme.
* Assistance is provided for weapons, equipment for Information Technology, Communication, Training, construction of Police stations, mobility and construction of police housing and other police infrastructure.
* **Financial Choking of LWEs:**
* There is a focus on financial choking of LWEs and unearthing the nexus between CPI (Maoists) and its financial supporters.
* Coordinated actions are being taken by State Police in cooperation with Central agencies.
* **Security Infrastructure Development:**
* 656 fortified police stations have been built in the last decade.
* 377 new security camps have been established in core LWE affected areas in last six years.
* **Development Initiatives:**
* Special thrust is given to expansion of road networks, improving telecom connectivity, education, skill development, and financial inclusion.
* 14,987 km of roads have been constructed under the Road Requirement Plan (RRP) and Road Connectivity Project for LWE Affected Areas (RCPLWEA).
* 9,118 telecom towers have been commissioned.
* 46 Industrial Training Institutes (ITI) and 49 Skill Development Centres (SDC) have been opened.
* 179 Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS) have been made functional.
* 6,025 Post Offices with banking services have been opened.
* 1,804 Bank Branches and 1,321 ATMs have been opened in Most LWE affected districts.
* Rs. 3,912.98 crore has been released under Special Central Assistance (SCA) scheme since 2017.
**Impact Analysis**
**State Governments**
* **Impact:** Required to collaborate with the central government in implementing the National Policy and Action Plan, maintaining law and order, and carrying out development activities in LWE-affected areas. Beneficiaries of financial assistance and security support from the central government.
* **Action Required:** Should ensure the effective implementation of the policies and schemes, coordinate with CAPFs, modernize their police forces, promote surrender and rehabilitation policies, and focus on development in tribal and remote areas.
**Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) including BSF**
* **Impact:** Frontline forces responsible for counter-insurgency operations in LWE-affected regions. Play a critical role in strengthening security dominance and preventing the regrouping of extremist elements.
* **Action Required:** Must coordinate seamlessly with state police forces, maintain the counter-insurgency grid, and ensure effective operations.
**Left Wing Extremists (LWEs) and Affected Communities**
* **Impact:** The policies aim to reduce violence, provide opportunities for surrender and rehabilitation, and improve overall development in their regions.
* **Action Required:** LWEs are encouraged to surrender and take advantage of the rehabilitation packages. Affected communities can benefit from improved infrastructure, connectivity, education, and financial inclusion.
Key Entities Referenced
Left Wing Extremism (LWE): Refers to the Naxalite movement and related violence, the central focus of the policy.
National Policy and Action Plan to address LWE: A comprehensive policy approved in 2015 to address Left Wing Extremism through security measures and development interventions.
Security Related Expenditure (SRE) Scheme: A scheme that supports states affected by LWE, including rehabilitation of surrenderees and ex-gratia payments.
Ministry of Home Affairs: The central ministry responsible for addressing Naxalism and overseeing related policies and strategies.
Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India: Defines that 'Police' and 'Public Order' are subjects of the State Governments.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2591
TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 16TH DECEMBER, 2025/ AGRAHAYANA 25, 1947
(SAKA)
PROGRESS IN CURBING NAXALISM
2591. SMT. SHAMBHAVI:
SHRI ATUL GARG:
SHRI RAJESH VERMA:
Will the Minister of HOME AFFAIRS be pleased to state:
(a) the progress achieved by the Government in reducing Naxal-related
violence and area influence in recent years;
(b) the role and operational contributions of the Border Security Force (BSF)
in Naxal-affected regions, particularly in strengthening security dominance
and preventing regrouping of extremist elements;
(c) whether the Government has set specific targets or milestones for
achieving a Naxalism-free nation by 31st March 2026, if so, the details thereof
and the reasons therefore;
(d) the strategy adopted to enhance coordination among Central Armed
Police Forces, State Police and intelligence agencies; and
(e) the measures being taken to expand development, connectivity and
welfare interventions in regions historically affected by Left Wing Extremism?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS
(SHRI NITYANAND RAI)
(a) to (e):
(i) As per Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India, subjects of Police
and Public Order are with the State Governments. However, the Government-2-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 2591 FOR 16.12.2025
of India (GoI) has been supplementing the efforts of States affected by Left
Wing Extremism (LWE). To address the LWE menace holistically, a “National
Policy and Action Plan to address LWE” was approved in 2015. It envisages a
multi-pronged strategy involving security related measures, development
interventions, ensuring rights and entitlements of local communities etc. The
resolute implementation of the National Policy and Action Plan 2015 has
resulted in consistent decline in violence and constriction of geographical
spread. LWE which has been a serious challenge to the internal security of
the nation has been significantly curbed in the recent times and has been
constricted to only a few pockets. The LWE perpetrated violence incidents
have come down from high of 1936 in year 2010 by 89% to 222 in 2025.
Resultant deaths of Civilians & Security Forces have also come down from
high of 1005 in year 2010 by 91% to 95 in year 2025. The number of LWE-
affected districts reduced from 126 to 90 in April-2018, 70 in July-2021, 38 in
April-2024, 18 in April-2025 and only 11 in October-2025 with only 3 districts
now categorized as Most LWE Affected. The government’s focus on
development in tribal and remote areas has addressed the root cause of
Naxalism. Improved law and order and security situation, accompanied by
investment in infrastructure has created an enabling environment for
enhanced economic development including increase in public/private
investment.-3-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 2591 FOR 16.12.2025
(ii) To strengthen the security apparatus of the states, GoI provides Central
Armed Police Forces (CAPFs), including Border Security Force (BSF) to the
states, as per their operational needs. The CAPFs have the responsibility of
holding the counter-insurgency grid together, operating seamlessly in
coordination with the state police forces. CAPFs alongside State Police have
contributed immensely in the success achieved in eradicating the menace
of naxalism to a great extent.
(iii) On security front, GoI also provides helicopter support, strengthening of
camp infrastructure, training, funds for modernization of State police forces,
equipment & arms, sharing of intelligence, construction of Fortified Police
Stations and sanctioning of India Reserve Battalions etc.
- For capacity building of states since 2014-15, Rs.3523.48 crore have
been released to LWE affected states on operational expenditure and
training needs of Security Forces, rehabilitation of surrendered LWE
cadre, ex-gratia to families of civilians killed in LWE violence/martyred
security force personnel etc. under Security Related Expenditure (SRE)
scheme. Works of Rs. 1757 crore have been sanctioned to LWE affected
states for strengthening of State’s Special Forces, State Intelligence-4-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 2591 FOR 16.12.2025
Branches (SIBs), District Police and construction of Fortified Police
Stations (FPS) under Special Infrastructure Scheme (SIS).
- To encourage LWEs to join the mainstream, GoI and State Governments
have formulated comprehensive surrender-cum-rehabilitation policies.
The GoI also supports the States in the endeavor through ‘Surrender-
cum-Rehabilitation’ Policy as part of Security Related Expenditure (SRE)
Scheme. The GoI reimburses the expenditure incurred by the LWE
affected States on rehabilitation of surrenderees under the SRE
Scheme. The rehabilitation package inter-alia, includes an immediate
grant of Rs. 5 lakhs for higher ranked LWE cadres and Rs 2.5 lakhs for
other LWE cadres. In addition, incentives for surrender of
weapons/ammunition are also provided under the Scheme. In addition,
provision also exists for imparting training in trade/vocation of their
liking with monthly stipend of Rs. 10,000/- for three years. The affected
States have further revised their Surrender cum Rehabilitation policies
to make them lucrative and contemporary.
- The efforts of the States for equipping and modernizing their police
forces have been supplemented under the scheme of “Assistance to
States & UTs for Modernization of Police”. Under the scheme, central-5-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 2591 FOR 16.12.2025
assistance is provided to the State Governments for weapons,
equipment for Information Technology, Communication, Training,
construction of Police stations, mobility and construction of police
housing and other police infrastructure etc.
- There has been a special focus on the financial choking of LWEs and
unearthing of the nexus between CPI (Maoists) and its financial
supporters. For effective action towards choking of funds and other
resources to LWE, coordinated actions are being taken by State Police
in cooperation with Central agencies by various means.
- The GoI’s focus on security infrastructure has been pivotal. In the last
decade 656 fortified police stations have been built. In last six years
377 new security camps have been established in core LWE affected
areas.
(iv) On development front, apart from the flagship schemes of Government
of India (GoI), several LWE affected areas specific initiatives have been taken
with special thrust on expansion of road network, improving
telecommunication connectivity, education, skill development and financial
inclusion. A few of these are enumerated below:-6-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 2591 FOR 16.12.2025
- For expansion of road network, 14,987 km have been constructed under
02 LWE specific schemes namely Road Requirement Plan (RRP) and
Road Connectivity Project for LWE Affected Areas (RCPLWEA).
- For improving telecom connectivity in LWE affected areas 9,118 towers
have been commissioned.
- For Skill Development, 46 Industrial Training Institute (ITI) and 49 Skill
Development Centres (SDC) have been opened.
- For quality education in tribal areas 179 Eklavya Model Residential
Schools (EMRS) have been made functional.
- For financial inclusion, Department of Posts has opened 6,025 Post
Offices with banking services in LWE affected districts. 1804 Bank
Branches and 1321 ATMs have been opened in Most LWE affected
districts.
- For further impetus to development, funds are provided for filling critical
gaps in public infrastructure in Most LWE affected Districts under
Special Central Assistance (SCA) scheme. Till now, Rs. 3,912.98 crore
have been released since the inception of Scheme in 2017.
(v) GoI is committed for complete eradication of LWE from our country as
well as holistic development of areas getting freed from Left Wing Extremism.
********