**Executive Summary**
This document outlines the Pradhan Mantri Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana (PMVKY), a comprehensive strategy for the development of Scheduled Tribes (STs). It details key schemes like PM JANMAN and Dajgula, along with their objectives and budgetary allocations. The document also highlights the findings of an evaluation study on these schemes, identifying areas for improvement in implementation and outcomes by FY 2024-25.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Umbrella Scheme:** The Pradhan Mantri Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana (PMVKY) encompasses various welfare schemes for STs, including Pre-Matric and Post-Matric Scholarships, Development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs), PM JANMAN, Support to Tribal Research Institutes, and PMAAGY (revamped as DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan - DAJGUA).
* **Development Action Plan for Scheduled Tribes (DAPST):** This strategy aims to bridge the developmental gap between ST and non-ST populations by allocating a percentage of the total scheme budget from 41 Ministries/Departments for tribal development projects.
* **TSP Funds:** State Governments are expected to earmark Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) funds in proportion to their ST population.
* **Key Missions:** Two primary missions under DAPST are:
* **Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN):** Launched for the socio-economic development of 75 PVTG communities in 18 states and one UT. It aims to provide basic facilities and sustainable livelihoods within 3 years, with a total outlay of Rs. 24,104 Cr.
* **DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DAJGUA):** Launched on October 2, 2024, with 25 interventions by 17 Ministries to saturate infrastructural gaps in 63,843 villages. It has a total outlay of Rs. 79,156 Cr.
* **Implementation Structure:** Committees have been formed at State, District, and Block levels for the effective implementation, coordination, and monitoring of DAJGUA.
* **NITI Aayog Evaluation:** NITI Aayog has conducted an evaluation of PMVKY and related schemes, identifying the following:
* **Scholarship Schemes:** Effective in improving educational access and continuity, but face challenges in fund release, disbursement, awareness, and application processes.
* **PMVKY:** Contributed to infrastructure development and service delivery, but implementation variations, fund utilization delays, and limited grassroots monitoring have impacted outcomes.
* **PM JANMAN:** Improved access to infrastructure and services for PVTGs, but gaps remain in awareness, service delivery, and local convergence.
* **Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs):** Relevant for policy research and evidence-based policymaking, but face staff shortages, limited research capacity, and fund utilization delays.
* **Overall Recommendations:** Improvements are needed in awareness generation, fund flow mechanisms, monitoring systems, and inter-scheme convergence for more effective implementation and better outcomes.
* **Gujarat Initiatives (FY 2025-26):** Significant initiatives were organized in Gujarat to promote tribal literature, culture, and welfare, including a Tribal Writer Conclave and awareness programs.
**Impact Analysis**
* **Scheduled Tribe (ST) Populations / Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)**
* **Impact:** These communities are directly beneficiaries of the schemes under PMVKY, PM JANMAN, and DAJGUA, aiming to improve their access to education, health, housing, livelihoods, and basic infrastructure.
* **Action Required:** Participate in awareness programs, utilize available services and facilities, and provide feedback for scheme improvement.
* **Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs)**
* **Impact:** TRIs are crucial for policy research and evidence-based policymaking for tribal development. They are directly affected by issues related to funding, capacity, and monitoring.
* **Action Required:** Strengthen institutional capacity, improve research quality, enhance collaboration, and establish stronger monitoring mechanisms to function effectively.
* **Ministries and Departments**
* **Impact:** 41 Ministries/Departments are obligated to allocate a percentage of their budget for tribal development under DAPST. They are also implementing agencies for various schemes.
* **Action Required:** Ensure timely fund allocation and release, improve coordination and convergence among schemes, and strengthen monitoring frameworks to enhance scheme impact.
* **State Governments**
* **Impact:** State Governments are responsible for earmarking TSP funds and implementing schemes at the state level. Their coordination and efforts directly influence the success of the initiatives.
* **Action Required:** Ensure effective implementation, coordination, and monitoring through constituted committees (SLAC, District-Level Committees, BLITs), and utilize own funds for TSP as per allocation.
* **Beneficiaries (General)**
* **Impact:** All tribal individuals and communities intended to benefit from improved access to education, healthcare, housing, and livelihood opportunities.
* **Action Required:** Be aware of the schemes and their benefits, and actively participate in application and renewal processes.
Key Entities Referenced
Pradhan Mantri Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana (PMVKY): The overarching umbrella scheme under which various tribal welfare initiatives are implemented.
Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN): A mission focused on the socio-economic development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).
DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DAJGUA): An initiative aimed at saturating infrastructural gaps and improving basic services in villages.
Development Action Plan for Scheduled Tribes (DAPST): A strategy for the development of Scheduled Tribes and tribal-concentrated areas.
Ministry of Tribal Affairs: The primary government body responsible for implementing tribal welfare schemes.
Ministry of Tribal Affairs
PRADHAN MANTRI VANBANDHU KALYAN
YOJANA
Posted On: 12 MAR 2026 4:26PM by PIB Delhi
Union Minister Shri Durgadas Uikey informed Lok Sabha that Pre-Matric Scholarship for STs, Post-
Matric Scholarship for STs, Development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)/ Pradhan
Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN), Support to Tribal Research Institute,
Administrative Assistance for Project Management Units and Pradhan Mantri Adi Adarsh Gram Yojna
(PMAAGY) revamped as DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DAJGUA) are welfare schemes
under the umbrella of Pradhan Mantri Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana (PMVKY).
Government is implementing Development Action Plan for Scheduled Tribes (DAPST) as a strategy for
the development of Scheduled Tribes and areas having tribal concentration in the country including the
Dahod District of Gujarat. Besides Ministry of Tribal Affairs, 41 Ministries/Departments are allocating
certain percentage of their total scheme budget every year for tribal development under DAPST to bridge
the developmental gap between Scheduled Tribes (STs) and non-ST populations and for various tribal
development projects relating to education, health, agriculture, irrigation, roads, housing, electrification,
employment generation, skill development, etc. Schemes along-with funds allocated by the obligated
Ministries/Departments for the welfare of Scheduled Tribes are given at Statement 10B of Expenditure
Profile of Union Budget document in the link: https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/doc/eb/stat10b.pdf.
State Governments are also supposed to earmark TSP funds with respect to the total Scheme allocation,
in proportion to ST population (Census 2011) in the State. The details of allocation and expenditure for
TSP by States/UTs out of their own funds are available at: https://statetsp.tribal.gov.in.
The Ministry has undertaken two missions for development of STs through convergence of funds
available with different Ministries/Departments under DAPST namely - Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi
NyayMaha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN) and DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyaan.
PM JANMAN: Government launched Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM
JANMAN) for socio-economic development of 75 PVTG communities residing in 18 states and one UT.
The mission aims to provide basic facilities such as safe housing, clean drinking water and improved
access to education, health and nutrition, road and telecom connectivity, electrification of unelectrified
households and sustainable livelihood opportunities in 3 years. These objectives are planned to be met
through 11 interventions including Hostels and Mobile Medical Units (MMUs) implemented by 9-line
Ministries. PM JANMAN has total budgetary outlay of Rs.24,104 Cr (Central share: ₹15336 Cr and
State share: ₹8768 Cr).
DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DAJGUA) : Hon'ble PM launched
DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DAJGUA) on 2nd October, 2024. The Abhiyan comprises
of 25 interventions implemented by 17-line Ministries and aims to saturate infrastructural gaps in 63,843
villages, improve access to health, education, Anganwadi facilities and providing livelihoodopportunities etc benefiting more than 5 crore tribals in 549 districts and 2,911 blocks in 30 States/UTs
in 5 years. The Abhiyan has total budgetary outlay of Rs.79,156 Cr (Central share: ₹56,333 Cr and State
share: ₹22,823 Cr).
Committees have been formulated at the State, District, and Block levels to ensure effective
implementation, coordination, and monitoring of the DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan. At the
State level, a State-Level Apex Committee (SLAC) chaired by the Chief Secretary has been constituted.
At the District level, a District-Level Committee, chaired by the District Collector and at the Block level,
a Block-Level Implementation Teams (BLITs) comprising officers from various departments have been
set up to facilitate grassroots implementation of interventions.
NITI Aayog undertakes evaluation of CS and CSS schemes respectively through third-party agencies to
assess their effectiveness and implementation. NITI Aayog has conducted an Evaluation Study for the
EFC cycle which ended in FY 2024–25. The schemes evaluated include Pradhan Mantri Vanbandhu
Kalyan Yojana (PMVKY), PM JANMAN (development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups), Pre-
Matric and Post-Matric Scholarships for ST students, and Support to Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs).
Some key findings are summarized below:
• Pre-Matric and Post-Matric Scholarship Schemes for ST students have played an important role in
improving access to education and supporting continuity in schooling and higher education among tribal
students. However, delays in fund release and scholarship disbursement remain a major challenge.
Limited awareness among beneficiaries and difficulties in the application and renewal process were also
reported. Strengthening grievance redressal systems, simplifying procedures, and improving outreach
mechanisms are necessary to enhance effectiveness.
• Pradhan Mantri Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana (PMVKY) has contributed to infrastructure development
and improved service delivery in tribal areas through convergence of various sectoral interventions. The
scheme has helped address gaps in education, health, livelihood, and infrastructure in tribal regions.
However, variations in implementation across states, delays in fund utilization, and limited monitoring at
the grassroots level have affected outcomes. Strengthening coordination among departments and
improving monitoring frameworks are required to enhance the scheme’s impact.
• PM JANMAN (development interventions for Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups) has improved
access to infrastructure and basic services in PVTG areas and has enhanced coverage of welfare schemes
among these communities. Beneficiaries reported improved access to housing, connectivity, and social
services. However, gaps remain in awareness, service delivery, and convergence of schemes at the local
level. Improved coordination among implementing agencies and targeted outreach to remote habitations
are necessary for better outcomes.
• Support to Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs) remains highly relevant for policy research, documentation
of tribal culture, and evidence-based policymaking for tribal development. However, the evaluation
highlights issues such as staff shortages, limited research capacity, and delays in fund utilization. There
is a need to strengthen institutional capacity, improve research quality, enhance collaboration with
academic institutions, and establish stronger monitoring mechanisms so that TRIs can function as
effective knowledge and policy support centres for tribal development.
Overall, the evaluation notes that while the schemes have contributed significantly to tribal welfare and
development, improvements are required in awareness generation, fund flow mechanisms, monitoring
systems, and convergence among schemes to ensure more effective implementation and better outcomes
in tribal areas.(f): During the year FY 2025-26, several significant initiatives were organised in Gujarat to promote
tribal literature, culture, and community welfare. Key events included the National Level Tribal Writer
Conclave on Tribal Literature, Art, Culture and Tradition; a series of 31 awareness programmes for tribal
communities and Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) across eight tribal-dominated districts
—Narmada, Bharuch, Tapi, Surat, Valsad, Dang, Banaskantha and Aravalli—covering Sickle Cell
Anemia screening, health camps, skill development, career guidance, awareness of educational schemes,
organic farming, and water management; and the integration of tribal art and cultural forms such as
Rathwa Dance, Pithora Painting, and Bamboo Handicraft into the academic curriculum at Adi
Vishwavidyalaya.
As a best practice, the Tribal Writer Conclave witnessed participation of over 200 academicians and
researchers, with 35 research papers presented, fostering scholarly dialogue and strengthening the
institutional capacities of TRI Gujarat. The awareness programmessensitised 3,580 beneficiaries,
including youth and women, on key developmental themes. Further, under the Adi Sanskriti Portal and
Adi Sampada initiatives, more than 100 topics related to tribal heritage were incorporated into a Tribal
Digital e-Academy platform, ensuring sustainable preservation, documentation, and wider recognition of
Gujarat’s tribal cultural legacy.
********
RN/
(Release ID: 2238931) Visitor Counter : 109
Read this release in: Urdu