**Executive Summary**
The document outlines initiatives by the government and judiciary to expedite the disposal of court cases and reduce pendency. Key efforts include the implementation of an 'Action Plan for Arrears Reduction in District Judiciary,' the upgrade of the National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG), and the establishment of Fast Track Courts (FTCs) and Fast Track Special Courts (FTSCs). The Phase-III of the eCourts Project (2023-2027) also plays a key role.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Action Plan for Arrears Reduction:**
* Focuses on prioritizing long-standing cases (over 10, 20, or 30 years) and accelerating their progression to finalization.
* Emphasizes equitable case distribution, effective handling of unready/stayed cases, utilization of alternative dispute resolution, and use of technology.
* Stresses adequate human resources, regular monitoring, stakeholder engagement, and tailored strategies for different districts.
* **National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG) Upgrade:**
* Improved dashboard for monitoring, managing, and reducing case pendency.
* Provides timely inputs for policy decisions and facilitates the identification of systemic bottlenecks.
* **Government Commitment and Initiatives:**
* Committed to speedy disposal of cases as mandated under Article 21 of the Constitution.
* Includes the e-Courts Mission Mode Project to increase access to justice and transparency.
* Supplements resources of States/UTs for infrastructure development in District and Subordinate Judiciary under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme.
* **Fast Track Courts (FTCs):**
* The 14th Finance Commission recommended setting up 1800 FTCs (2015-2020).
* 866 FTCs are currently functional across 21 States/UTs as of 31.10.2025.
* **Fast Track Special Courts (FTSCs):**
* Dedicated to time-bound trial and disposal of cases related to rape and the POCSO Act.
* 773 FTSCs, including 400 exclusive POCSO Courts, are functional across 29 States/UTs as of 30.09.2025.
* These courts have disposed of 3,50,685 cases since inception, with 2,43,615 cases currently pending.
* **eCourts Project Phase-III:**
* Approved on 13.09.2023 with an outlay of Rs.7,210 crore to make justice delivery more robust.
* 579.53 crore pages of court records have been digitized.
* 3.81 crore hearings have taken place through video conferencing, and live streaming is functional in 11 High Courts.
* 1987 e Sewa Kendras are functional across High Courts and District Courts.
**Impact Analysis**
**The Judiciary (Supreme Court, High Courts, District Courts, Judicial Officers)**
* **Impact:** Expected to implement the Action Plan, utilize the upgraded NJDG, manage FTCs/FTSCs efficiently, and adopt e-Courts facilities.
* **Action Required:** Implement strategies for arrears reduction, monitor case progress, utilize technology, and participate in review meetings.
**State Governments/UTs**
* **Impact:** Required to supplement resources for infrastructure development of the District and Subordinate Judiciary. Responsible for decisions related to District and Subordinate courts. State Governments have to submit proposals for High Court Benches.
* **Action Required:** Provide necessary infrastructure facilities, and provide necessary proposals for High Court Benches.
**Citizens/Litigants**
* **Impact:** Beneficiaries of faster case disposal, increased access to justice, and greater transparency.
* **Action Required:** Utilize available resources like e Sewa Kendras and video conferencing for hearings.
Key Entities Referenced
Fast Track Special Courts (FTSCs): Courts dedicated to the time-bound trial and disposal of pending cases related to rape and the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act.
e-Courts Mission Mode Project: A project focused on using technology to increase access to Justice and greater transparency in the courts.
Action Plan for Arrears Reduction in District Judiciary: Plan to dispose of old pending cases in time bound manner.
National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG): A monitoring tool to identify, manage and reduce pendency of cases.
Centrally Sponsored Scheme for Development of Infrastructure Facilities for Judiciary: A scheme to provide suitable infrastructure facilities for the District and Subordinate Judiciary.
Ministry of Law and Justice
Speedy Disposal of Court Cases
प्रव तथ: 18 DEC 2025 1:41PM by PIB Delhi
The disposal of cases is within the exclusive domain of the judiciary. In April, 2024, the Supreme Court
Committee on "Model Case Flow Management Rules for Trial Courts, District Appellate Courts, High
Courts and to suggest a plan for reduction of arrears in the High Courts and District Courts", prepared and
shared an ‘Action Plan for Arrears Reduction in District Judiciary’ to dispose of old pending cases in time
bound manner. The Action Plan inter-alia, indicated focusing upon prioritization of long- standing cases
with special emphasis on cases pending for excessively long periods, such as over 10, 20 or 30 years;
accelerating the progression of long standing and newer cases to finalization; equitable case distribution
among judges; effective handling of unready and stayed cases; effective utilization of alternative dispute
resolution; use of technology; managing undated cases for facilitating timely progression and resolution;
adequate human resources support to Judicial Officers; regular monitoring of case progress and regular
review meetings to assess effectiveness of action plan; stakeholder engagement to address procedural
delays; and tailored strategies allowing for flexibility and adaptation of action plan to meet the specific
circumstances of each district.
Further, the National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG) has been upgraded with an improved dashboard for
functioning as a monitoring tool to identify, manage and reduce pendency of cases. It provides timely
inputs for making policy decisions to reduce case pendency. It also facilitates better monitoring of court
performance and identification of systemic bottlenecks for efficient resource management.
The Central Government is committed for speedy disposal of cases and reducing pendency as mandated
under Article 21 of the Constitution and has taken several initiatives to provide an ecosystem for faster
disposal of cases by the judiciary which includes, inter-alia, amalgamation of latest technologies for
increasing access to Justice and greater transparency under the e-Courts Mission Mode Project and
supplementing of the resources of the State Governments/UTs for providing suitable infrastructure
facilities for the District and Subordinate Judiciary under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme for
Development of Infrastructure Facilities for Judiciary.
The 14th Finance Commission had recommended the setting up of 1800 Fast Track Courts (FTCs) during
the period 2015-2020 for expeditious trial of specific categories of cases including heinous crimes, civil
cases involving women, children, senior citizens, persons with disabilities, individuals afflicted with
terminal illnesses. As per information received from the High Courts, 866 FTCs are functional across 21
State/UTs as on 31.10.2025.
The Fast Track Special Courts (FTSCs), including exclusive POCSO (e-POCSO) Courts are dedicated to
the time-bound trial and disposal of pending cases related to rape and the Protection of Children from
Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act. As per data provided by the High Courts, 773 FTSCs, including 400
exclusive POCSO Courts, are functional across 29 States/UTs as on 30.09.2025. Since the inception of the
Centrally Sponsored Scheme, these courts have collectively disposed of 3,50,685 cases, while 2,43,615
cases are currently pending.Article 130 of the Constitution of India provides that the Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other
place or places as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from time to time,
appoint. The proposal of setting up of Benches of a High Court is considered by the Government of India
only after receipt of a complete proposal from the State Government which has to have the consent of the
Chief Justice of the concerned High Court and the Governor the State. The State Government has to
provide necessary infrastructural facilities for establishment of a Bench of the High Court away from its
principal seat as well as the entire expenditure of the High Court and its Bench. In case of District and
Subordinate courts, the decision is taken by the State Government and the respective High Court.
Further, the Phase-III of the eCourts Project (2023-2027) approved on 13.09.2023 with an outlay of
Rs.7,210 crore to make justice delivery progressively more robust, easy and accessible. Till date, 579.53
crores pages of court records have been digitized in the High Courts and District Courts. More than 3.81
crore hearings have taken place through Video conferencing and live streaming is functional in 11 High
Courts. The number of e Sewa Kendras (facilitation centres) has increased to 1987 across High Courts and
District Courts.
This information was given by the Minister of State (Independent Charge) of the Ministry of Law and
Justice; and Minister of State in the Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs Shri Arjun Ram Meghwal in Rajya
Sabha today.
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