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Date: 2018-08-21 Category: Extra Ordinary State: Union Government Country: India

The Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts (Amendment) Act, 2018

Issued by Ministry of Law and Justice · Legislative Department

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Executive Summary & Key Takeaways

Executive Summary: The Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Amendment Act, 2018, amends the 2015 Act to include Commercial Appellate Courts and revises pecuniary jurisdiction limits. It introduces pre-institution mediation and settlement, alters appeal processes, and empowers the Central Government to make rules. The Act is deemed to have come into force on May 3, 2018, with provisions generally applying to cases filed on or after the date of commencement of this Act. Key Points / Main Content: * **Amendments to Title and Definitions:** * The Act's title is amended to include "Commercial Appellate Courts." * A "Commercial Appellate Courts" is defined as those designated under the amended section 3A. * The minimum value of commercial disputes is revised to not be less than three lakh rupees. * **Establishment and Composition of Commercial Courts:** * State Governments may constitute Commercial Courts at the District Judge level after consulting with the High Courts. * State Governments may specify pecuniary value which shall not be less than three lakh rupees and not more than the pecuniary jurisdiction exercisable by the District Courts. * The State Government may appoint Commercial Court either at the level of District Judge or a court below the level of a District Judge. * **Commercial Appellate Courts:** * State Governments may designate Commercial Appellate Courts at the District Judge level, except in territories with High Courts having original civil jurisdiction. * **Omission and Amendments Related to Procedures:** * Section 9 of the principal Act is omitted. * Section 12 is amended, removing clause e. * Section 14 is amended to include Commercial Appellate Court and Commercial Appellate Division. * Section 15 is amended to replace Order XIVA with Order XVA. * **Pre-Institution Mediation and Settlement (Chapter IIIA):** * Suits not seeking urgent interim relief must undergo pre-institution mediation. * The Central Government may authorize Legal Services Authorities for pre-institution mediation. * Mediation must conclude within three months, extendable by two months with consent. * The mediation period is excluded from limitation under the Limitation Act, 1963. * Settlements from mediation have the same effect as an arbitral award. * **Appeals Process Revisions:** * Appeals from a Commercial Court below the level of a District Judge lie to the Commercial Appellate Court within sixty days. * Appeals from a Commercial Court at the level of District Judge or Commercial Division of a High Court lie to the Commercial Appellate Division of that High Court within sixty days. * Appeals are allowed from orders specifically under Order XLIII of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. * **Rule-Making Power of Central Government:** * The Central Government may make rules for carrying out the provisions of this Act, including pre-institution mediation procedures. * Such rules are subject to parliamentary review and modification. * **Amendment to Schedule:** * Paragraph 11 is amended to include Commercial Appellate Court. * A "Statement of Truth" Appendix I is inserted, effective from October 23, 2015, requiring verification of pleadings. * **Repeal and Savings:** * The Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Amendment Ordinance, 2018 is repealed. * Actions taken under the repealed Ordinance are considered done under this Act. Impact Analysis: * **Litigants:** * Impact: Required to undergo pre-institution mediation before filing suits, potentially saving time and costs. Affected by revised appeal processes and pecuniary jurisdiction. * Action Required: Understand the new pre-institution mediation requirements and revised appeal procedures. * **Commercial Courts and Appellate Divisions/Courts:** * Impact: Jurisdiction and procedures are altered, including the introduction of Commercial Appellate Courts at the District Judge level. * Action Required: Implement the amended procedures, including those related to pre-institution mediation and appeals. * **State Governments:** * Impact: Responsible for establishing Commercial Courts and Appellate Courts in consultation with High Courts. * Action Required: Review and adjust the establishment and operation of Commercial Courts and Appellate Courts. * **Central Government:** * Impact: Empowered to create rules for the implementation of the Act, particularly regarding pre-institution mediation. * Action Required: Draft and implement rules for pre-institution mediation and other provisions of the Act.

Key Entities Referenced

Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Amendment Act, 2018: The title of the Act which amends the 2015 Act relating to commercial courts. Parliament: The legislative body that enacted the Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Amendment Act, 2018. President: The head of state who gave assent to the Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Amendment Act, 2018. Commercial Courts Act, 2015: The principal Act which is being amended by this notification. High Courts: Refers to the High Courts in India, particularly concerning their original civil jurisdiction and appellate divisions related to commercial disputes. Central Government: The Union Government of India, responsible for making rules and notifications related to pre-institution mediation. Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987: Act of Parliament that is related to pre-institution mediation. Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: Act of Parliament that is related to pre-institution mediation.
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jftLVªh lañ Mhñ ,yñ—(,u)04@0007@2003—18 REGISTERED NO. DL—(N)04/0007/2003—18 vlk/kkj.k EXTRAORDINARY Hkkx II — [k.M 1 PART II—Section 1 izkf/kdkj ls izdkf'kr PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY lañ 41] ubZ fnYyh] eaxyokj] vxLr 21] 2018@Jko.k 30] 1940 ¼'kd½ No. 41] NEW DELHI, TUESDAY, AUGUST 21, 2018/SHRAVANA 30, 1940 (SAKA) bl Hkkx esa fHkUu i`"B la[;k nh tkrh gS ftlls fd ;g vyx ladyu ds :i esa j[kk tk ldsA Separate paging is given to this Part in order that it may be filed as a separate compilation. MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE (Legislative Department) New Delhi, the 21st August, 2018/Shravana 30, 1940 (Saka) The following Act of Parliament received the assent of the President on the 20th August, 2018, and is hereby published for general information:— THE COMMERCIAL COURTS, COMMERCIAL DIVISION AND COMMERCIAL APPELLATE DIVISION OF HIGH COURTS (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2018 NO. 28 OF 2018 [20th August, 2018.] An Act to amend the Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Act, 2015. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Sixty-ninth Year of the Republic of India as follows:— 1. (1) This Act may be called the Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Short title Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts (Amendment) Act, 2018. and commence- (2) Save as otherwise provided, it shall be deemed to have come into force on the ment. 3rd day of May, 2018.2 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY [PART II— Amendment 2. In the Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate of long title. Division of High Courts Act, 2015 (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), in the 4 of 2016. long title, after the words "Commercial Courts", the words "Commercial Appellate Courts," shall be inserted. 3. In section 1 of the principal Act, for sub-section (1), the following sub-section Amendment of section 1. shall be substituted, namely:— "(1) This Act may be called the Commercial Courts Act, 2015.". Amendment 4. In section 2 of the principal Act, in sub-section (1),— of section 2. (I) clause (a) shall be renumbered as clause (aa) thereof, and before clause (aa) as so renumbered, the following clause shall be inserted, namely:— '(a) "Commercial Appellate Courts" means the Commercial Appellate Courts designated under section 3A;'; (II) in clause (i), for the words "which shall not be less than one crore rupees", the words "which shall not be less than three lakh rupees" shall be substituted. 5. In the principal Act, in Chapter II, for the Chapter heading, the following Substitution of Chapter Chapter heading shall be substituted, namely:— heading. "COMMERCIAL COURTS, COMMERCIAL APPELLATE COURTS, COMMERCIAL DIVISIONS AND COMMERCIAL APPELLATE DIVISIONS". Amendment 6. In section 3 of the principal Act,— of section 3. (a) in sub-section (1), for the proviso, the following provisos shall be substituted, namely:— "Provided that with respect to the High Courts having ordinary original civil jurisdiction, the State Government may, after consultation with the concerned High Court, by notification, constitute Commercial Courts at the District Judge level: Provided further that with respect to a territory over which the High Courts have ordinary original civil jurisdiction, the State Government may, by notification, specify such pecuniary value which shall not be less than three lakh rupees and not more than the pecuniary jurisdiction exercisable by the District Courts, as it may consider necessary."; (b) after sub-section (1), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:— "(1A) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the State Government may, after consultation with the concerned High Court, by notification, specify such pecuniary value which shall not be less than three lakh rupees or such higher value, for whole or part of the State, as it may consider necessary."; (c) in sub-section (3),— (i) for the words "State Government shall", the words "State Government may" shall be substituted; (ii) for the words "Commercial Court, from amongst the cadre of Higher Judicial Service in the State", the following words shall be substituted, namely:— "Commercial Court either at the level of District Judge or a court below the level of a District Judge".SEC. 1] THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY 3 7. After section 3 of the principal Act, the following section shall be inserted, Insertion of namely:— new section 3A. "3A. Except the territories over which the High Courts have ordinary original Designation civil jurisdiction, the State Government may, after consultation with the concerned of Commercial High Court, by notification, designate such number of Commercial Appellate Appellate Courts at District Judge level, as it may deem necessary, for the purposes of Courts. exercising the jurisdiction and powers conferred on those Courts under this Act.". 8. In section 4 of the principal Act, in sub-section (1), for the words "ordinary Amendment civil jurisdiction", the words "ordinary original civil jurisdiction" shall be substituted. of section 4. 9. Section 9 of the principal Act shall be omitted. Omission of section 9. 10. In section 12 of the principal Act, in sub-section (1),— Amendment of section 12. (i) in clause (c), after the words "Specified Value;", the word "and" shall be inserted; (ii) in clause (d), the word "and", occurring at the end, shall be omitted; (iii) clause (e) shall be omitted. 11. After Chapter III of the principal Act, the following Chapter shall be inserted, Insertion of namely:— new Chapter IIIA. "CHAPTER IIIA PRE-INSTITUTION MEDIATION AND SETTLEMENT 12A. (1) A suit, which does not contemplate any urgent interim relief under Pre- this Act, shall not be instituted unless the plaintiff exhausts the remedy of Institution Mediation pre-institution mediation in accordance with such manner and procedure as may and be prescribed by rules made by the Central Government. Settlement. (2) The Central Government may, by notification, authorise the Authorities 39 of 1987. constituted under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987, for the purposes of pre-institution mediation. (3) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Legal Services Authorities 39 of 1987. Act, 1987, the Authority authorised by the Central Government under sub-section (2) shall complete the process of mediation within a period of three months from the date of application made by the plaintiff under sub-section (1): Provided that the period of mediation may be extended for a further period of two months with the consent of the parties: Provided further that, the period during which the parties remained occupied with the pre-institution mediation, such period shall not be computed for the 36 of 1963. purpose of limitation under the Limitation Act, 1963. (4) If the parties to the commercial dispute arrive at a settlement, the same shall be reduced into writing and shall be signed by the parties to the dispute and the mediator. (5) The settlement arrived at under this section shall have the same status and effect as if it is an arbitral award on agreed terms under sub-section (4) of 26 of 1996. section 30 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996.". 12. In section 13 of the principal Act, for sub-section (1), the following shall be Amendment substituted, namely:— of section 13.4 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY [PART II— "(1) Any person aggrieved by the judgment or order of a Commercial Court below the level of a District Judge may appeal to the Commercial Appellate Court within a period of sixty days from the date of judgment or order. (1A) Any person aggrieved by the judgment or order of a Commercial Court at the level of District Judge exercising original civil jurisdiction or, as the case may be, Commercial Division of a High Court may appeal to the Commercial Appellate Division of that High Court within a period of sixty days from the date of the judgment or order: Provided that an appeal shall lie from such orders passed by a Commercial Division or a Commercial Court that are specifically enumerated under Order XLIII of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 as amended by this Act and 5 of 1908. section 37 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996.". 26 of 1996. Amendment 13. In section 14 of the principal Act, for the words "Commercial Appellate of section 14. Division", the words "Commercial Appellate Court and the Commercial Appellate Division" shall be substituted. Amendment 14. In section 15 of the principal Act, in sub-section (4), for the words, figures of section 15. and letter "with Order XIV-A", the words, figures and letter "with Order XV-A" shall be substituted. Amendment 15. In section 17 of the principal Act, for the words "Commercial Courts" and of section 17. "Commercial Court", wherever they occur, the words "Commercial Courts, Commercial Appellate Courts" shall be substituted. Amendment 16. In section 20 of the principal Act, for the words "Commercial Court", the of section 20. words "Commercial Courts, Commercial Appellate Courts" shall be substituted. Insertion of 17. After section 21 of the principal Act, the following section shall be inserted, new section namely:— 21A. Power of "21A. (1) The Central Government may, by notification, make rules for Central carrying out the provisions of this Act. Government to make rules. (2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for or any of the following matters, namely:— (a) the manner and procedure of pre-institution mediation under sub-section (1) of section 12A; (b) any other matter which is required to be, or may be, prescribed or in respect of which provision is to be made by rules made by the Central Government. (3) Every rule made by the Central Government under this Act shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in one session, or in two or more successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule, or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made, the rule shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule.". Amendment 18. In the Schedule to the principal Act,— of Schedule. (i) in Paragraph 4, in sub-paragraph (D), in item (iv),— (a) in the opening portion, the words "after the first proviso,"shall be omitted;SEC. 1] THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY 5 (b) for the words "Provided further that", the words "Provided that" shall be substituted; (ii) in Paragraph 11, for the words "Commercial Court", the words "Commercial Court, Commercial Appellate Court" shall be substituted; (iii) after Paragraph 11, the following shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted with effect from the 23rd October, 2015, namely:— ‘12. After Appendix H, the following Appendix shall be inserted, namely:— ‘‘APPENDIX-I STATEMENT OF TRUTH (Under First Schedule, Order VI- Rule 15A and Order XI- Rule 3) I ----- the deponent do hereby solemnly affirm and declare as under: 1. I am the party in the above suit and competent to swear this affidavit. 2. I am sufficiently conversant with the facts of the case and have also examined all relevant documents and records in relation thereto. 3. I say that the statements made in -----paragraphs are true to my knowledge and statements made in -----paragraphs are based on information received which I believe to be correct and statements made in ---paragraphs are based on legal advice. 4. I say that there is no false statement or concealment of any material fact, document or record and I have included information that is according to me, relevant for the present suit. 5. I say that all documents in my power, possession, control or custody, pertaining to the facts and circumstances of the proceedings initiated by me have been disclosed and copies thereof annexed with the plaint, and that I do not have any other documents in my power, possession, control or custody. 6. I say that the above-mentioned pleading comprises of a total of ---- pages, each of which has been duly signed by me. 7. I state that the Annexures hereto are true copies of the documents referred to and relied upon by me. 8. I say that I am aware that for any false statement or concealment, I shall be liable for action taken against me under the law for the time being in force. Place: Date: DEPONENT VERIFICATION I, ………………………. do hereby declare that the statements made above are true to my knowledge. Verified at [place] on this [date] DEPONENT.".'.6 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY [PART II— SEC. 1] Application 19. Save as otherwise provided, the provisions of this Act shall apply only to of provisions cases relating to commercial disputes filed on or after the date of commencement of of this Act to this Act. cases filed on or after its commence- ment. Repeal and 20. (1) The Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate savings. Division of High Courts (Amendment) Ordinance, 2018 is hereby repealed. Ordinance 3 of 2018. (2) Notwithstanding the repeal of the said Ordinance, anything done or any action taken under the said Ordinance shall deemed to have been done or taken under the corresponding provisions of this Act. ———— DR. G. NARAYANA RAJU, Secretary to the Govt. of India. UPLOADED BY THE MANAGER, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PRESS, MINTO ROAD, NEW DELHI–110002 AND PUBLISHED BY THE CONTROLLER OF PUBLICATIONS, DELHI–110054. MGIPMRND—1689GI(S3)—21-08-2018.

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