**Summary:**
The Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India released the "ZET Adoption in India and Its Impact on Emission and Energy Report" in June 2025. The report focuses on the Medium and Heavy-Duty Truck (MHDT) sector, projecting a transition to Battery Electric Trucks (BETs) as the primary zero-emission technology to substantially decrease emissions and fuel consumption by mid-century, in alignment with India's net-zero targets.
The study highlights that the freight sector, heavily reliant on MHDTs, accounts for approximately 70% of India's logistics operations but also contributes significantly to fuel consumption (around 40%) and national emissions. Given current green hydrogen production costs and infrastructure limitations, the report centers on BET adoption scenarios, projecting their impact on emissions, fuel savings, and electricity demand. The analysis incorporates insights from truck industry experts, historical data from sources like the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM), Vahan portal, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH), Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas (MoPNG), and Ministry of Power (MoP), as well as stakeholder interviews.
Professor Ajay Kumar Sood, Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India, emphasized that adopting Zero Emission Technologies (ZETs) is crucial for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving air quality, and enhancing energy security, thereby contributing to India's Net Zero target by 2070. The report recommends targeted early-stage interventions, including fiscal incentives, specialized product offerings, and robust charging solutions, to build market confidence in BETs. It aims to inform policymakers, industry stakeholders, and investors, facilitating a sustainable and economically viable transition to electric trucking in India. The full report is available on the Office of PSA website.
Key Entities Referenced
ZET Adoption in India and Its Impact on Emission and Energy Report: Report released by the Office of Principal Scientific Advisor to GoI, analyzing the growth and potential of India's Medium and Heavy-Duty Truck sector.
Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India: The head of the Office of Principal Scientific Advisor to GoI, currently Professor Ajay Kumar Sood.
Medium and HeavyDuty Truck: MHDT sector in India, which accounts for nearly 70% of the nation’s logistics operations.
Battery Electric Trucks: BET, a technology projected to significantly reduce emissions and fuel consumption in the MHDT sector.
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways: MoRTH, a governmental organization. Data from MoRTH was used in the creation of the ZET Adoption in India and Its Impact on Emission and Energy Report.
Ministry of Petroleum Natural Gas: MoPNG, a governmental organization. Data from MoPNG was used in the creation of the ZET Adoption in India and Its Impact on Emission and Energy Report.
Ministry of Power: MoP, a governmental organization. Data from MoP was used in the creation of the ZET Adoption in India and Its Impact on Emission and Energy Report.
Net Zero by 2070: India's commitment to achieving Net Zero emissions by the year 2070.
Office of Principal Scientific Advisor to GoI
The Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to GoI
releases the report on “ZET Adoption in India and Its
Impact on Emission and Energy”
Posted On: 01 JUL 2025 6:42PM by PIB Delhi
The Office of Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India released the “ZET Adoption in
India and Its Impact on Emission and Energy Report (June 2025)” on 1st July 2025. The report
analyses the growth and potential of India’s Medium and Heavy-Duty Truck (M&HDT) sector,
projecting a transition to Battery Electric Trucks (BET) that will significantly reduce emissions and
fuel consumption by mid-century. It emphasises the importance of supportive policies to accelerate
zero-emission trucking (ZET) adoption and achieve India’s net-zero goals.
India’s freight sector—driven primarily by Medium and Heavy-Duty Trucks —accounts for nearly 70% of the
nation’s logistics operations, playing a critical role in economic growth and industrial development. However,
this sector is also a significant contributor to fuel consumption (approximately 40%) and the nation’s
emissions. As freight demand continues to rise, initiatives to transition toward sustainable transport solutions
have commenced. Given the current trends in green hydrogen (H₂) production costs and limited infrastructure
availability, this report assumes that BETs will be the primary zero-emission technology (ZET) for M&HDTs,
for some time.
Against this background, this detailed study provides projections on BET adoption, emission savings, savings
in fuel and electricity demand under scenarios that are as accurate as possible. The analysis is based on in-
depth input from experts in the truck industry who have a comprehensive understanding of the market, its use
cases, and the relevant technologies. Historical data from sources such as Society of Indian Automobile
Manufacturers (SIAM), Vahan portal, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH), Ministry of
Petroleum & Natural Gas (MoPNG), and Ministry of Power (MoP) combined with interviews of stakeholders
from across the value chain in various regions of the country underpin the projections. Interviews conducted
with representatives from major OEMs, operators of different use cases, experts from end-use industries, and
other related sectors helped in the curation of this report.“The adoption of ZETs is a crucial step in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving air quality, and
enhancing energy security. As a nation committed to achieving Net Zero by 2070, the electrification of freight
transport will play a transformative role in shaping a cleaner and more efficient logistics ecosystem. Wider
adoption of ZET will create pathways for cleaner transportation in India,” said Professor Ajay Kumar Sood,
Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India.
The report is the outcome of a year-long exercise and scenario evaluation in consultation with leading
industries, subject matter experts and stakeholders. The report underscores the importance of targeted early-
stage interventions—such as enhanced fiscal incentives, specialised product offerings, and robust charging
solutions—to accelerate market confidence in BETs. The report aims to assist policymakers, industry
stakeholders and investors in making informed decisions that will foster a sustainable and economically viable
transition to electric trucking in India.
The complete report can be accessed on the Office of PSA website, at:
https://psa.gov.in/CMS/web/sites/default/files/publication/Report%20on%20%27ZET%20Adoption%20and%
20Impact%20on%20Emissions%20and%20Energy%27.pdf
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MJPS/ST
(Release ID: 2141318)