**Executive Summary**
The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) released findings from Independent Drive Tests (IDT) conducted between March 16 and March 21, 2026, to assess mobile network quality in Sagar and Raigarh. The report evaluates Telecom Service Providers (TSPs) on voice and data parameters to inform consumers and prompt service improvements. Key findings have been shared with TSPs for necessary corrective actions.
**Key Points / Main Content**
**Drive Test Methodology**
* **Scope:** Tests covered 455.1 KMs of city drives, 16 hotspot locations, and 9.7 KMs of walk tests across 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks.
* **Supervision:** The tests were conducted by an appointed agency under the supervision of the TRAI Regional Office, Bhopal.
* **Environment:** Testing captured performance in diverse environments including public transport hubs, hotspots, and crowded pedestrian areas via walk tests.
**Assessment Parameters**
* **Coverage Gap:** Percentage of samples with signal strength below prescribed thresholds (e.g., -110 dBm for 5G/4G).
* **Voice Quality:** Evaluated through Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR), Drop Call Rate (DCR), and Call Silence Instances (silence lasting > 3 seconds).
* **Data Performance:** Measured via download/upload throughput, latency, jitter, and packet drop rates.
**Regional Performance: Sagar City**
* **Coverage:** BSNL recorded the highest number of poor signal samples (3,404), while Airtel recorded the lowest (602).
* **Call Reliability:** Airtel and RJIL reported zero dropped calls, whereas BSNL and VIL each reported five.
* **Data Speeds:** RJIL achieved the highest average download speed at 277.28 Mbps; BSNL recorded the lowest at 15.73 Mbps.
**Regional Performance: Raigarh City**
* **Coverage:** BSNL showed the most significant coverage gaps with 8,026 poor signal samples; RJIL had the fewest at 454.
* **Call Reliability:** Airtel and VIL reported zero dropped calls; BSNL reported four and RJIL reported one.
* **Data Speeds:** RJIL led with an average download speed of 172.64 Mbps, followed by Airtel at 98.78 Mbps.
**Impact Analysis**
**Telecom Service Providers (Airtel, BSNL, RJIL, VIL)**
**Impact**
Providers are held publicly accountable for network deficiencies, including coverage gaps in specific neighborhoods and varying data speeds across 4G and 5G bands.
**Action Required**
TSPs must review the shared IDT findings and take "further necessary action" to address identified coverage gaps, call drops, and call silence instances.
**General Telecom Consumers**
**Impact**
Consumers receive verified, real-time data regarding the actual performance of TSPs in their specific city and local hotspots.
**Action Required**
Consumers can access detailed IDT reports on the TRAI website to make informed decisions regarding their choice of service provider.
**TRAI Regional Office (Bhopal)**
**Impact**
Responsible for the oversight and publication of network performance data to encourage competitive improvement among TSPs.
**Action Required**
The office remains the point of contact for clarifications or additional information regarding the drive test results via email or telephone.
Key Entities Referenced
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI): The regulatory body that conducted Independent Drive Tests to assess and verify the real-time quality of mobile network services.
Independent Drive Test (IDT): The assessment initiative used to capture on-ground mobile network performance for key Quality of Service parameters across diverse environments.
Telecom Service Providers (TSPs): Entities including Airtel, BSNL, RJIL, and VIL whose network coverage, call quality, and data speeds were measured during the assessment.
Sagar and Raigarh City, Madhya Pradesh: The specific geographical locations under the Madhya Pradesh Licensed Service Area where the network quality drive tests were conducted.
Ministry of Communications
TRAI assesses Mobile Network Quality across
Sagar and Raigarh City under MP LSA
प्रव तथ: 02 JUN 2026 5:39PM by PIB Delhi
TRAI assesses Mobile Network Quality Across Gopal Ganj, Berkhari Guru, Udaipura Tiwari, Pipariya
Ramwan, Sironja, Bamhori Bika, Lidhorahat, Bamora, Makronia, Makronia muhal, Guru Amar Das
Nagar, Gadoli Khurd, Anand Nagar, Badona, Rajauya, Keshav Ganj, Motinagar and Katra bazar etc. in
Sagar city and Khairpur, Mauhpali, Kachhar, Kotra, Kosamnara, Kelo Vihar, Urdana, Barliya, Tumidih,
Chandni chowk, Darogapara and Chakradhar Nagar etc. in Raigarh city.
The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has released findings of Independent Drive Test (IDT)
conducted across Sagar and Raigarh City under MP LSA, during the month of March 2026, for
information of general telecom consumers. The purpose of this drive test is to assess and verify real time
quality of mobile network services (both voice & data) provided by Telecom Service Providers (TSPs).
During the IDT, TRAI captures performance of TSPs for key Quality of Service (QoS) parameters like
Coverage, Call Drop Rate (CDR), Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR), data Download (DL) and Upload
(UL) throughput etc., which are then published to inform Consumers and encourage TSPs to improve their
services.
These IDTs have been designed to capture on ground mobile network performance of all TSPs across
diverse usages environment like cities, hotspots, public transport hubs, etc. In this type of drive testing,
live data and voice sessions are established using SIM cards from all TSPs over 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G
networks. Multiple advanced test handsets are used, and the sessions are monitored and analysed in real-
time using advanced Software Systems.
TRAI, through its appointed agency, conducted drive tests across City drive – 455.1 KMs, Hotspot
locations - 16, Walk Test - 9.7 Kms in Sagar and Raigarh city during 16th March 2026 to 21st March 2026
in MP LSA. These tests were conducted under the supervision of the TRAI Regional Office Bhopal. The
observations presented in drive test reports represent the performance of the TSPs on the area/ route under
test on the day/ time of conducting the drive test.
Drive Test Route Map: The following map provides overview of drive test routes indicating City drive,
Inter-operator calling, Hotspots and Walk tests, as per the legends shown on the map: -Key Parameters Assessed
a. Coverage Gap: Percentage of samples, for which signal strength observed less than the minimum
prescribed signal strength for respective technology (2G/ 3G/ 4G/ 5G).
b. Voice Services: Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR), Drop Call Rate (DCR), Call Setup Time, Call
Silence Rate, Speech Quality (MOS).
c. Call Silence Instance: Number of call silence instance occurred during the calls.
d. Data Servies: Download/ Upload Throughput, Latency, Jitter, Packet Drop Rate
The overall mobile network performance in Sagar and Raigarh city for the key parameters has been
summarised below: -
a) Coverage Gap - The signal strength observed during voice testing on the drive test route
in auto-selection mode (5G/4G/3G/2G), measured as the number of samples having poor
signal strength out of the total samples collected, was 602/ 33259 for Airtel, 3404/ 31918 for
BSNL, 913/ 32486 for RJIL and 2040/ 32586 for VIL for Sagar city and 1620/ 30692 for
Airtel, 8026/ 29127 for BSNL, 454/ 29999 for RJIL and 3754/ 30618 for VIL for Raigarh
city. Details of the coverage gaps have been provided in the map Annexed.
b) Dropped Calls - Dropped calls, measured as the number of dropped calls out of the
number of successfully established calls, were 0/ 295 for Airtel, 5/ 270 for BSNL, 0/ 294 for
RJIL and 5/ 294 for VIL for Sagar city and 0/ 271 for Airtel, 4/ 260 for BSNL, 1/ 254 for
RJIL and 0/ 277 for VIL for Raigarh city. Details of the dropped call locations have been
provided in the map Annexed.
c) Call Silence Instance - Call silence instances, measured as the total number of silence
instances observed for > 3 seconds out of the total calls established, were 4/ 281 for Airtel,
9/237 for BSNL, 3/ 284 for RJIL and 5/ 281 for VIL for Sagar city and 14/ 260 for Airtel,
39/214 for BSNL, 2/ 244 for RJIL and 7/ 258 for VIL for Raigarh city. Details of the call
silence instance locations have been provided in the map Annexed.
d) Data Download and Upload Throughput:
i) Data Download performance (Overall): Average download speed was observed as
98.22 Mbps for Airtel (5G/4G), 15.73 Mbps for BSNL (4G), 277.28 Mbps for RJIL
(5G/4G) and 35.85 Mbps for VIL (4G) for Sagar city and 98.78 Mbps for Airtel(5G/4G), 16.08 Mbps for BSNL (4G), 172.64 Mbps for RJIL (5G/4G) and 21.72
Mbps for VIL (4G) for Raigarh city. Detail of Download throughput has been provided
in the map Annexed.
ii) Data Upload performance (Overall): Average upload speed was observed as 22.20
Mbps for Airtel (5G/4G), 4.73 Mbps for BSNL (4G), 28.71 Mbps for RJIL (5G/4G)
and 10.55 Mbps for VIL (4G) for Sagar city and 22.21 Mbps for Airtel (5G/4G), 5.40
Mbps for BSNL (4G), 19.84 Mbps for RJIL (5G/4G) and 13.06 Mbps for VIL (4G)
for Raigarh city. Detail of Upload throughput has been provided in the map Annexed.
Locations of Dropped Calls and Call Silence instances can be seen by clicking red dot on
the map Annexed.
Details of drive test route and area covered during the IDT is as under: -
a) City - The areas covered in the city drive are Gopal ganj, Berkhari Guru, udaipura Tiwari,
Pipariya Ramwan, Sironja, Bamhori bika, Lidhorahat, Bamora, Makronia, Makronia muhal,
Guru amar das nagar, Gadoli khurd, Anand Nagar, Badona, Rajauya, Keshav Ganj, Motinagar
and Katra bazar etc. in Sagar city and khairpur, Mauhpali, Kachhar, Kotra, Kosamnara, Kelo
Vihar, Urdana, Barliya, Tumidih, Chandni chowk, Darogapara and Chakradhar Nagar etc. in
Raigarh city.
b) Hotspot - The hot spot locations, capturing stationary user experience, are Carmel
Convent Hr. Sec School Raigarh, Collectorate Sagar, Dr. Hari Singh Gaur University Sagar,
Government Engineering College Sagar, Government Polytechnic College Sagar, Kirodimal
Arts & Science College Raigarh, Kirodimal Govt District Hospital Raigarh, Kirodimal
Polytechnic College Raigarh, Makroniya Chauraha Sagar, Medical College Sagar, O.P. Jindal
University (OPJU) Raigarh, Raigarh Bus Stand, Raigarh Collectorate, Sagar Bus Stand,
Shanichari Bazaar Raigarh & Uttam International School Raigarh.
c) Walk Test - The walk tests conducted on 16th March 2026 to 21st March 2026, covered
Dr. Hari Singh Gaur University Sagar, Late Shri Lakhi Ram Agrawal Memorial Government
Medical College Raigarh, Raigarh Railway Station & Sagar Railway Station capturing mobile
network behaviour in crowded pedestrian environments.
The findings of this IDT report have been shared with respective TSPs for taking further necessary action
at their end. Detailed reports of IDT are made available on the TRAI website at www.trai.gov.in. For any
clarification or additional information, an email can be sent to adv.bhopal@trai.gov.in or Regional Office
of TRAI at Bhopal RO can be contacted on telephone no. +91-755-2575501.
Annexure
1) Sagar City -
a. Coverage Gap – The coverage distribution found less than the minimum specified signal strength
for the drive test route in auto-selection mode (5G/4G/3G/2G) during voice testing, is as below:
Parameter AIRTEL BSNL RJIL VIL
Total Number of Samples captured on Drive test route 33259 31918 32486 32586
Number of Samples having poor signal strength 602 3404 913 2040Note: Signal strength has been considered poor if it falls below −110 dBm for 5G & 4G, −90 dBm for
3G, and −85 dBm for 2G.
Coverage Gap observed
Note: Plot is based on Dynamic Drive Test results only.
b. Dropped Calls - The TSP-wise details of dropped calls in auto-selection mode (5G/ 4G/ 3G/ 2G)
are as below:
Parameter AIRTEL BSNL RJIL VIL
Number of successful Calls Established 295 270 294 294
Number of dropped Calls 0 5 0 5
Locations of Dropped CallsNote: Dropped calls locations are shown in red colour and which can be clicked to know the exact
location (latitude and longitude) on the map.
c. Call Silence Instance - The TSP-wise details of Call silence instance in Auto-selection mode
(5G/4G) are as below:
Parameter AIRTEL BSNL RJIL VIL
Call Established 281 237 284 281
(within service provider network)
Number of silences calls for >3 Sec 3 8 2 4
Total number of silence instances for >3 Sec 4 9 3 5
Locations of Call Silence InstanceNote: Call silence instances are shown in red colour and which can be clicked to know the exact
location (latitude and longitude) on the map.
d. Data Download and Upload throughput: The TSP-wise details of Average Download (DL) and
Upload (UL) throughput against declared typical DL/UL Throughput for month, in Auto-selection
mode (5G/4G/3G/2G) are as below:
i. Download Throughput
Parameter Measured AIRTEL BSNL RJIL VIL
in
(upto 5G) (upto 4G) (upto 5G) (upto 4G)
Typical Download throughput (Mbits/s) 16.12 5.00 15.00 15.00
declared by TSP
Average Download Throughput (Mbits/s) 98.22 15.73 277.28 35.85
measured during IDTNote: Plot is based on Dynamic Drive Test results only.
ii. Upload Throughput
Parameter Measured AIRTEL BSNL RJIL VIL
in
(upto 5G) (upto 4G) (upto 5G) (upto 4G)
Typical upload throughput (Mbits/s) 2.84 3.00 7.00 8.00
declared by TSP
Average Upload Throughput (Mbits/s) 22.20 4.73 28.71 10.55
measured during IDTNote: Plot is based on Dynamic Drive Test results only.
2) Raigarh City–
a. Coverage Gap – The coverage distribution found less than the minimum specified signal strength
for the drive test route in auto-selection mode (5G/4G/3G/2G) during voice testing, is as below:
Parameter AIRTEL BSNL RJIL VIL
Total Number of Samples captured on Drive test route 30692 29127 29999 30618
Number of Samples having poor signal strength 1620 8026 454 3754
Note: Signal strength has been considered poor if it falls below −110 dBm for 5G & 4G, −90 dBm for
3G, and −85 dBm for 2G.
Coverage Gap observedNote: Plot is based on Dynamic Drive Test results only.
b. Dropped Calls - The TSP-wise details of dropped calls in auto-selection mode (5G/ 4G/ 3G/ 2G)
are as below:
Parameter AIRTEL BSNL RJIL VIL
Number of successful Calls Established 271 260 254 277
Number of dropped Calls 0 4 1 0
Locations of Dropped Calls
Note: Dropped calls locations are shown in red colour and which can be clicked to know the exact
location (latitude and longitude) on the map.c. Call Silence Instance - The TSP-wise details of Call silence instance in Auto-selection mode
(5G/4G) are as below:
Parameter AIRTEL BSNL RJIL VIL
Call Established 260 214 244 258
(within service provider network)
Number of silences calls for >3 Sec 5 26 2 5
Total number of silence instances for >3 Sec 14 39 2 7
Locations of Call Silence Instance
Note: Call silence instances are shown in red colour, and which can be clicked to know the exact
location (latitude and longitude) on the map.
d. Data Download and Upload throughput: The TSP-wise details of Average Download (DL) and
Upload (UL) throughput against declared typical DL/UL Throughput for month, in Auto-selection
mode (5G/4G/3G/2G) are as below:
e. Download Throughput
Parameter Measured AIRTEL BSNL RJIL VIL
in
(upto 5G) (upto 4G) (upto 5G) (upto 4G)Typical Download throughput (Mbits/s) 16.12 5.00 15.00 15.00
declared by TSP
Average Download Throughput (Mbits/s) 98.78 16.08 172.64 21.72
measured during IDT
Note: Plot is based on Dynamic Drive Test results only.
ii. Upload Throughput
Parameter Measured AIRTEL BSNL RJIL VIL
in
(upto 5G) (upto 4G) (upto 5G) (upto 4G)
Typical upload throughput (Mbits/s) 2.84 3.00 7.00 8.00
declared by TSP
Average Upload Throughput (Mbits/s) 22.21 5.40 19.84 13.06
measured during IDTNote: Plot is based on Dynamic Drive Test results only.
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