**Executive Summary**
The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) conducted Independent Drive Tests (IDT) in December 2025 to assess the network quality of mobile service operators in Azamgarh & Mau City and nearby areas of Uttar Pradesh (East) LSA. The tests evaluated 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G technologies across diverse usage environments. Findings of the IDT have been communicated to concerned TSPs for necessary action.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Scope and Methodology**
* IDT covered Azamgarh & Mau City and nearby areas of Uttar Pradesh (East) LSA.
* Tests were conducted from December 2nd to 5th, 2025, including 288.2 Kms of City test and 4.3 kms of walk test.
* Technologies evaluated: 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G.
* TRAI used calibrated equipment and standardized protocols for real-time testing.
* **Key Parameters Assessed**
* **Voice Services:** Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR), Drop Call Rate (DCR), Call Setup Time, Call Silence Rate, Speech Quality (MOS), Coverage.
* **Data Services:** Download/Upload Throughput, Latency, Jitter, Packet Drop Rate, and Video Streaming Delay.
* **Voice Service Performance (Auto-selection mode)**
* **Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR):** Airtel (99.51%), BSNL (89.24%), RJIL (99.68%), VIL (99.84%)
* **Call Setup Time:** Airtel (1.28s), BSNL (3.35s), RJIL (0.66s), VIL (0.67s).
* **Drop Call Rate (DCR):** Airtel (0.16%), BSNL (3.38%), RJIL (0.16%), VIL (0.00%).
* **Call Silence/Mute Rate:** Airtel (0.22%), BSNL (0.22%), RJIL (N/A), VIL (0.42%).
* **Mean Opinion Score (MOS):** Airtel (3.97), BSNL (2.38), RJIL (4.53), VIL (4.41).
* Poor Signal Strength in auto-selection mode during voice testing observed in the city IDT route.
* **Data Service Performance (Overall)**
* **Download Speed:** Airtel (112.53 Mbps), BSNL (7.31 Mbps), RJIL (184.43 Mbps), VIL (29.36 Mbps).
* **Upload Speed:** Airtel (22.95 Mbps), BSNL (3.23 Mbps), RJIL (20.44 Mbps), VIL (13.37 Mbps).
* **Latency:** Airtel (28.52 ms), BSNL (34.74 ms), RJIL (22.28 ms), VIL (29.54 ms).
* Poor Signal Strength in auto-selection mode during data testing observed in the city IDT route.
* **Data Performance - Hotspots (in Mbps)**
* Airtel: 4G D/L (29.60), 4G U/L (03.57), 5G D/L (64.99), 5G U/L (16.18)
* BSNL: 4G D/L (07.20), 4G U/L (06.56)
* RJIL: 4G D/L (51.24), 4G U/L (11.37), 5G D/L (126.42), 5G U/L (19.22)
* VIL: 4G D/L (29.71), 4G U/L (11.81)
**Impact Analysis**
**Mobile Service Operators (Airtel, BSNL, RJIL, VIL)**
* **Impact:** The report provides a detailed assessment of their network performance in the specified region, highlighting areas of strength and weakness in both voice and data services.
* **Action Required:** Operators need to analyze the findings and take necessary actions to improve their network quality, address the identified issues, and optimize service delivery. They should also review the information communicated to them by the TRAI.
**Consumers in Azamgarh & Mau City and nearby areas of UP(East) LSA**
* **Impact:** Consumers are indirectly affected as the findings inform the regulator and operators, potentially leading to improvements in network quality and service delivery.
* **Action Required:** No direct action is required. Consumers may experience improved service quality as a result of operator actions based on the report's findings.
**Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI)**
* **Impact:** TRAI gains insights into the actual network performance of operators, enabling informed decisions on regulatory measures and quality of service standards.
* **Action Required:** TRAI should consider the findings when formulating or adjusting regulations and policies, ensuring that operators adhere to quality benchmarks and address identified shortcomings.
Key Entities Referenced
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI): The regulator that conducted the independent drive tests (IDT) to assess mobile network performance.
Independent Drive Tests (IDT): The drive tests conducted to measure real-world mobile network performance across various environments.
Azamgarh & Mau City: The cities covered by the network quality assessment.
Uttar Pradesh (East) LSA: The license service area where the drive tests were conducted.
Airtel, BSNL, RJIL, VIL: Mobile Service Operators whose network quality was assessed.
Ministry of Communications
TRAI Assesses Network Quality of Mobile
Service Operators across Azamgarh & Mau City
and nearby area of UP(East) LSA
Release of findings of Independent Drive Tests (IDT)
प्रव तथ: 22 JAN 2026 2:17PM by PIB Delhi
The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has conducted Independent Drive Tests (IDT)
covering Azamgarh & MauCity and nearby area of Uttar Pradesh (East) LSA during the month of
Dec’2025. The IDT have been designed to capture real-world mobile network performance across
diverse usage environments –Urban zones, hotspots, public transport hubs etc.
2. TRAI, through its appointed agency, conducted detailed drive tests of 288.2 Kms of City test and 4.3
kms of walk test in Azamgarh & Mau City and nearby area during 2nd to 5th Dec’2025. Technologies
evaluated included 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G, reflecting the service experience of users across multiple
handset capabilities. The findings of IDT have been intimated to all the TSPs concerned for further
necessary action.
Key Parameters Assessed:
a. Voice Services: Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR), Drop Call Rate (DCR), Call Setup Time,
Call Silence Rate, Speech Quality (MOS), Coverage.
b. Data Services: Download/Upload Throughput, Latency, Jitter, Packet Drop Rate, and Video
Streaming Delay.
Call Setup Success Rate - Airtel, BSNL, RJIL and VIL have 99.51%, 89.24%, 99.68% and 99.84% call
setup success rate respectively in Auto-selection mode (5G/4G/3G/2G).
Drop Call Rate - Airtel, BSNL, RJIL and VIL have drop call rate 0.16%, 3.38%, 0.16% and 0.00%
respectively in Auto-selection mode (5G/4G/3G/2G).
• The poor Signal Strength in auto-selection mode (5G/4G/3G/2G) during voice testing has been
observed as 0.85%, 22.43%, 1.09% & 1.85% in the city IDT route in case of Airtel, BSNL, RJIL & VIL
respectively.
• The poor Signal Strength in auto-selection mode (5G/4G/3G/2G) during data testing has been observed
as 7.29%, 32.67%, 8.04% & 9.29% in the city IDT route in case of Airtel, BSNL, RJIL & VIL
respectively.
Summary of Performance against key QoS parameters
CSSR: Call Setup Success Rate (in %), CST: Call Setup Time (in milli seconds), DCR: Drop Call Rate
(in %) & MOS: Mean Opinion Score.Summary-Voice services
Call Setup Success Rate: Airtel, BSNL, RJIL and VIL have 99.51%, 89.24%, 99.68% and 99.84%
call setup success rate respectively in Auto-selection mode (5G/4G/3G/2G).
Call Setup Time: Airtel, BSNL, RJIL and VIL have call setup time of 1.28, 3.35, 0.66 and 0.67
seconds respectively in Auto-selection mode (5G/4G/3G/2G).
Drop Call Rate: Airtel, BSNL, RJIL and VIL have drop call rate of 00.16%, 3.38%, 0.16% and
0.00% respectively in Auto-selection mode (5G/4G/3G/2G).
Call Silence/Mute Rate: Airtel, BSNL, RJIL and VIL have silence call rate of 0.22%, 0.22% and
0.42% respectively in packet switched network (4G/5G).
Mean Opinion Score (MOS): Airtel, BSNL, RJIL and VIL have average MOS of 3.97, 2.38, 4.53
and 4.41 respectively.Summary-Data services
Data Download performance (Overall): Average download speed of Airtel (5G/4G) is 112.53
Mbps, BSNL (4G/3G/2G) is 7.31 Mbps, RJIL (5G/4G) is 184.43 Mbps and VIL (4G/2G) is 29.36
Mbps.
Data Upload performance (Overall): Average upload speed of Airtel (5G/4G) is 22.95 Mbps,
BSNL (4G/3G/2G) is 3.23 Mbps, RJIL (5G/4G) is 20.44 Mbps and VIL (4G/2G) is 13.37 Mbps.
Latency (Overall): Airtel, BSNL, RJIL and VIL 50th percentile latency is 28.52 ms, 34.74 ms,
22.28 ms & 29.54 ms respectively.
Data performance - Hotspots (in Mbps):
Airtel- 4G D/L: 29.60 4G U/L: 03.57
5G D/L: 64.99 5G U/L: 16.18
BSNL- 4G D/L: 07.20 4G U/L: 06.56
RJIL- 4G D/L: 51.24 4G U/L: 11.37
5G D/L: 126.42 5G U/L: 19.22
VIL- 4G D/L: 29.71 4G U/L: 11.81
Note- “D/L” Download speed, “U/L” Upload speed
The tests were conducted using TRAI-calibrated equipment and standardized protocols in real-
time
environments. The detailed report is available at TRAI website www.trai.gov.in. For any
clarification/information, Shri Sanjay Kumar Gupta, Advisor (Regional Office, Bhopal) TRAI may be
contacted on email: adv.bhopal@trai.gov.in or at Tel. No. +91-755-2575501.
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MI/ARJ
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