**Executive Summary**
The Ministry of Labour and Employment provides an update on employment generation initiatives for youth in India. This includes data from the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) showing an increasing trend in employment and details regarding various government schemes, skill development programs, and the implementation of Labour Codes. The four Labour Codes will come into force with effect from 21st November 2025 across the country.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Employment Data:**
* The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) collects data on employment and unemployment.
* The Worker Population Ratio (WPR) has increased from 46.8% in 2017-18 to 58.2% in 2023-24.
* **Skill India Mission (SIM):**
* The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) delivers skill, re-skill, and up-skill training.
* Training is conducted through various skill development centers under schemes like PMKVY, JSS, NAPS, and CTS.
* **e-Shram Portal:**
* Launched on 26.08.2021 to create a national database of unorganized workers.
* Provides a Universal Account Number (UAN) to registered workers.
* Integrates social security and welfare schemes.
* **Labour Codes:**
* Four Labour Codes have been formulated: the Code on Wages, 2019, the Industrial Relations Code, 2020, the Code on Social Security, 2020 and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020.
* They amalgamate and simplify provisions from 29 previous Central Labour Acts.
* The four Labour Codes have come into force with effect from 21st November 2025 across the country.
* The codes reduce multiplicity of definitions and facilitate the use of technology and transparency.
* **National Career Service (NCS) Portal:**
* Provides career-related services including job information, online/offline job fairs, and career counseling.
* Integrated with leading skilling platforms.
* Signing MoUs with private/public employers to enhance employment opportunities, with over 35 MoUs signed including Swiggy, Zomato, and Amazon.
* Integrated with the e-Shram portal, allowing e-Shram registrants to access NCS services.
* **Employment Linked Incentive (ELI) Scheme:**
* The Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana supports employment generation.
* Allocates Rs 99,446 Crore to incentivize the creation of over 3.5 Crore jobs in 2 years.
**Impact Analysis**
**Stakeholder: Unorganized Workers**
* **Impact:** Can register on e-Shram portal to obtain a UAN and access integrated social security and welfare schemes.
* **Action Required:** Register on the e-Shram portal to avail benefits.
**Stakeholder: Job Seekers/Youth**
* **Impact:** Can access job opportunities and career-related services through the NCS portal.
* **Action Required:** Utilize the NCS portal to search for jobs and access career resources.
**Stakeholder: Employers (Public and Private)**
* **Impact:** Can partner with the Ministry through MoUs to enhance employment opportunities. May be incentivized through the ELI scheme.
* **Action Required:** Consider partnering with the Ministry and explore incentives under the ELI scheme.
**Stakeholder: All Workers**
* **Impact:** Greater transparency and accountability in enforcement of regulations, and strengthened protection under the new Labour Codes.
* **Action Required:** Familiarize themselves with the provisions of the new Labour Codes.
Key Entities Referenced
Four Labour Codes: A set of four codes - Code on Wages, Industrial Relations Code, Code on Social Security, and Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code - formulated by the Central Government to simplify and rationalize labor laws in India.
e-Shram portal: A national portal launched by the Ministry of Labour and Employment to create a comprehensive database of unorganized workers and facilitate their access to social security schemes.
Skill India Mission (SIM): A Government of India initiative, under the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE), to provide skill, re-skill, and up-skill training through a network of skill development centers.
Ministry of Labour and Employment: The primary government body responsible for employment generation schemes and initiatives, including the e-Shram portal and National Career Service portal.
National Career Service (NCS) Portal: A portal run by the Ministry of Labour and Employment to provide career-related services and information on job opportunities.
Ministry of Labour & Employment
EMPLOYMENT GENERATION FOR THE YOUTH
Posted On: 02 FEB 2026 6:24PM by PIB Delhi
The data on Employment and Unemployment is collected through Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)
which is conducted by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) since 2017-18.
The survey period is July to June every year. As per the latest available Annual PLFS Reports, the
estimated Worker Population Ratio (WPR) on usual status for age 15 years and above has increased from
46.8% in 2017-18 to 58.2% in 2023-24, indicating that the WPR i.e., employment has increasing trend.
Employment generation coupled with improving employability is a priority of the Government.
Accordingly, Government is implementing various employment generation schemes/ programmes in the
country. The details of various employment generation schemes/ programmes being implemented by the
Government may be seen at https://dge.gov.in/dge/schemes_programmes.
Under the Government of India’s Skill India Mission (SIM), the Ministry of Skill Development and
Entrepreneurship (MSDE) delivers skill, re-skill and up-skill training through an extensive network of
skill development centres under various schemes, viz. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY),
Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS), National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) and Craftsmen
Training Scheme (CTS) through Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs), to all the sections of the society
across the country. The SIM aims at enabling youth of India to get future ready, equipped with industry
relevant skills.
The Ministry of Labour and Employment had launched e-Shram portal on 26.08.2021 for creation of a
Comprehensive National Database of Unorganised Workers including platform workers, migrant workers,
etc. The e-Shram portal is meant to register and support the unorganised workers by providing them a
Universal Account Number (UAN) on a self-declaration basis. The Ministry of Labour and Employment
has also launched the e-Shram- ‘One-Stop-Solution’ that entails integration of different social
security/welfare schemes at single portal i.e., e-Shram. This is envisaged to enable unorganised workers
registered on e-Shram to access social security schemes and see benefits availed by them so far, through e-
Shram.
The Central Government has formulated the four Labour Codes, namely, the Code on Wages, 2019, the
Industrial Relations Code, 2020, the Code on Social Security, 2020 and the Occupational Safety, Health
and Working Conditions Code, 2020 after amalgamating, simplifying and rationalising the relevant
provisions of the previous 29 Central Labour Acts. The four Labour Codes have come into force with
effect from 21st November 2025 across the country.
The four Labour Codes reduce multiplicity of definitions & authorities, facilitate use of technology, bring
transparency & accountability in enforcement. Simultaneously, it strengthens the protection available to
workers, including unorganized workers.
Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India, is running the National Career Service (NCS)
Portal which is a one-stop solution for providing career related services including information on jobs
from private and government sectors, online & offline job fairs, job search & matching, careercounselling, vocational guidance, skill development courses, skill/training programmes etc. through a
digital platform [www.ncs.gov.in]. Further, the NCS portal has integrated with leading skilling platforms
and initiatives to enhance employability.
Signing MoUs with the private and public employers/ portals/Platforms is part of the Ministry’s strategy to
strengthen public-private partnerships for enhancing employment opportunities. Till date more than 35
Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) have been signed including MoUs with private partners such as
Swiggy, Zomato, Amazon, and Zepto which provide gig and platform-based employment opportunities to
job seekers through the NCS portal across the country.
The National Career Service (NCS) portal has been integrated with the e-Shram portal, which is a
database of over 31 crore unorganized workers, including gig and platform workers. This integration
enables e-Shram registrants to access the full range of services available on the NCS portal, such as job
search and related facilities.
In addition, the Government is implementing Employment Linked Incentive (ELI) Scheme named as the
Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana to support employment generation, enhance employability
and social security across all sectors, with special focus on the manufacturing sector. The scheme with an
outlay of Rs 99,446 Crore aims to incentivize the creation of more than 3.5 Crore jobs in the country, over
a period of 2 years.
This information was given by the Minister of State for Labour and Employment Sushri Shobha
Karandlaje in written reply to a question in Lok Sabha today.
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Rini Choudhury/Anjelina Alexander
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