Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags (Iron & Steel Slags), Version 2

Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags (Iron & Steel Slags) Ver 2.0 November, 2026 Central Pollution Control Board (Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change) Parivesh Bhawan, Shahdara, Delhi - 110032Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Contents

1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................... 3

2.0 Manufacturing Process - Iron & Steel plants ................................................. 3

2.1 Production of Slag in India ......................................................................... 6

2.2 Iron and Steel manufacturing in the Country ........................................... 6

3.0 Pyro-metallurgical Slags Generation and its Properties - Iron & Steel Plants ..................................................................................................................... 8

3.1 Slag from Blast Furnace .............................................................................. 9

3.2 Slag from Desulphurisation Process ......................................................... 10

3.3 Slag from Basic Oxygen Furnace .............................................................. 10

3.4 Slag from Ladle Furnace Process .............................................................. 11

3.5 Slag from Electric Arc Furnace process ................................................... 11

4.0 Current Practices for Handling and Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slag ...................................................................................................................... 12

4.1 Iron making slag from Blast Furnace/Corex/Midrex ............................... 12

4.2 Slag Granulation ........................................................................................ 12

4.3 Air Cooling in Dry Pit ................................................................................ 13

4.4 Steel making slags from LD-Convertors/EAF/Conarc/Induction Furnaces ........................................................................................................... 13

5.0 Utilization of slags in road construction and as aggregates in concrete .............................................................................................................. 13

6.0 Guidelines for management of pyro-metallurgical slags of iron and steel plants ................................................................................................................... 14 Annexure – I ........................................................................................................ 17 Filled up questionnaires received from units................................................. 17 Annexure – II ....................................................................................................... 26 International Practices in management of Iron and Steel Slags ................... 26 Annexure – III ...................................................................................................... 28 Format for submission of annual report on slag generation, utilization and storage. ............................................................................................................. 28 CPCB, Delhi 2Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags

1.0 Introduction The Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 notified by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India for the management of hazardous and other wastes define the

hazardous waste as below: “hazardous waste” means any waste which by reason of characteristics such as physical, chemical, biological, reactive, toxic, flammable, explosive or corrosive, causes danger or is likely to cause danger to health or environment, whether alone or in contact with other wastes or substances, and shall include – i. waste specified under column (3) of Schedule I;

ii. waste having equal to or more than the concentration limits specified for the constituents in class A and class B of Schedule II or any of the characteristics as specified in class C of Schedule II; and iii. wastes specified in Part A of Schedule III in respect of import or export of such wastes or the wastes not specified in Part A but exhibit hazardous characteristics specified in Part C of Schedule III;

Pyro-metallurgical slags are defined as “High Volume Low Effect Waste” (herein referred as HVLE wastes) under the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 (HOWM Rules 2016) and were similarly defined earlier under Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008. The relevant provision given as note at the end of Schedule- I of the HOWM Rules 2016 is as follows:

“The high volume low effect wastes such as fly ash, Phosphogypsum, Red Mud, jarosite, Slags from pyro-metallurgical operations, mine tailings and ore beneficiation rejects are excluded from the category of hazardous wastes. Separate guidelines on the management of these wastes shall be issued by Central Pollution Control Board.” NITI Aayog constituted a Committee on Circular Economy which recommended to promote initiatives for Circular Economy in the metal sector (ferrous and non- ferrous) through an action plan. The said action plan includes issuance of SOP for utilisation of resource material from Iron and steel slag, which is stipulated under Hazardous and Waste Management Rules 2016.

The increased processing of iron concentrates, and constraints in handling large volume of iron and steel slags would require iron & steel plants to explore the possible options for utilization or disposal including the need for studying the options. The guidelines are prepared to deal with the handling and management of slags generated from pyro-metallurgical operations in Iron & Steel Industries.

2.0 Manufacturing Process - Iron & Steel plants The manufacturing process in integrated Iron and Steel plants includes iron making followed by steel making. In an Integrated Iron and Steel plant, the iron making is achieved through operation of blast furnace (BF) and the steel making is done CPCB, Delhi 3Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags through LD (Linz-Donawitz) steel making shop (SMS) operations. The Integrated steel networks of iron and steel making comprises of various production units such as coke ovens, sinter plant, pelletisation plant, blast furnaces and basic oxygen furnace

(BOF) for steel making followed by casting house operations.

In an Integrated Iron and Steel Plant the main operational unit is the blast furnace where the iron ores are primarily converted to liquid iron (also termed as hot metal).

The iron ores for blast furnace are prepared in two agglomeration units – the sinter plant and the pellet plant. Sintering is a process of agglomeration of fines of iron ores into small round products from a pre-designed mixture of fine ores, residues and additives, followed by high temperature sintering of finished products and pelletisation is a process of agglomeration of micro fines of iron oxide ores

(concentrate) into small round balls. The finished products from sinter plant and pellet plant are taken to blast furnace for feed. In addition to iron ores, coke and pulverised coal are added in blast furnace as reducing agents. The coke used in blast furnace is produced in coke oven through distillation of coal.

Fig: Technological options for converting iron ore to steel products (Source: https://sail.co.in/en/learning-center/manufacturing-process) The raw materials such as coke, mixture of sinter and/or pellets, lump ore, fluxes etc., are charged into blast furnace from the top and hot blast is provided to supply the necessary oxygen required for carbon monoxide (CO) formation. As the feed of blast furnace moves down, the iron ores get reduced and the liquid iron along with CPCB, Delhi 4Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags slag is collected from the bottom of the blast furnace. The liquid iron and slag are tapped (collected) separately from the furnace and processed for further requirements.

The liquid iron tapped in container is transported through torpedo ladle-system to Steel manufacturing units consisting of de-sulphurisation unit, LD converter and Ladle furnace unit. The de-sulphurisation process is deployed to ensure removal of sulphur from Hot Metal. This is followed by Basic Oxygen Furnace unit where removal of undesired elements such as C, P, Si, etc. is carried out through charging, blowing and tapping method. The carbon content in the hot metal (liquid iron) is lowered to less than 1% from approx. 4% carbon content in hot metal. The hot metal from basic oxygen furnace is taken to Ladle Furnace Unit for raising the temperature and adjustment of chemical composition of hot metal and refining of steel products as per required quality. The liquid metal is processed to cast house where liquid metal is poured in pre-defined moulds and allowed to cool and solidify as ingots. The ingots are re-heated and rolled into cold rolling mill and/or hot rolling mill to produce the final desired steel products. In steel making process slag is generated from de- sulphurisation, LD convertor and ladle furnace.

The other steel making processes include the iron making from rotary kiln (DRI) furnace, Gas based vertical shaft (Midrex, HYL) furnace, Corex furnace, etc. and steel making from Electric Arc Furnace, Conarc furnace, Induction furnace.

The process of iron making from rotary kiln or gas based vertical shaft furnace

(Midrex) is termed as Direct Reduction process where oxygen is removed from iron ores to produce high metallic solid iron product. In the rotary kiln process, the raw materials namely iron ores, dolomite and coal are fed into rotary kiln and heated in range of 700-1200°C for reduction of iron oxides. In the gas based vertical shaft furnace process, the iron ore pellets and calibrated lump ore are fed into the gas based vertical shaft furnace to produce high metallic solid iron products in the form of Cold DRI or Hot DRI or DRI briquettes and heated in the range of 600-1050°C.

The process of iron making without coke and using two stage reduction process is termed as Smelting Reduction (Corex furnaces) where, in first stage iron ore is heated and reduced by gases generated from the second unit, which is a smelter-gasifier supplied with coal and oxygen. The partially reduced ore is then smelted in the second unit, and liquid hot metal or (in some cases) liquid steel is produced.

For steel making from Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) or Conarc furnace, Induction furnace (IF), the reduced iron along with coal/metallurgical coke, lime, dolime and scraps (if required) are fed into electric arc furnace or Conarc furnace for reduction of oxides for further refining process and formation of alloy/iron products as per required conditions. Slag is generated from electric arc furnace and Conarc furnace which is known as EAF slag or Conarc slag having different physical, chemical and metallurgical properties compared to Converter (LD/BOF) slag.

CPCB, Delhi 5Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags

2.1 Production of Slag in India About 24 million tonnes of blast furnace slag and 12 million tonnes of steel slag is generated annually in steel industry. It is expected to reach 45-50 million tonnes of BF slag and 15-20 million tonnes of BOF slag by 2030.

EAF and IF slag generation is around 5 million tonnes annually and is expected to increase to more than 10 million tonnes annually by 2030. (Source: Indian Mineral Yearbook 2020)

2.2 Iron and Steel manufacturing in the Country Total Steel Production Capacity in the Country at Present (2021) is 143.91 Million Tonnes.

The details of production, consumption, export and import of finished steel are as

follows:

Total Finished Steel (million tonnes) Year Production Consumption Export Import 2019-20 102.62 100.17 8.36 6.77 2020-21 96.20 94.89 10.78 4.75 April-June, 26.35 24.85 3.56 1.16 2021

Source: Joint Plant Committee (JPC) Details of Steel Production Capacity and State-wise No. of Units (2020-21) A. Public Sector (thousand tonnes) (thousand tonnes) State Unit Capacity Production Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) Chhattisgarh Bhilai Steel Plant 6000 4244 West Bengal Durgapur Steel 2200 2085 Plant Odisha Rourkela Steel 3800 3498 Plant Jharkhand Bokaro Steel Plant 4600 3380 West Bengal IISCO Steel Plant 2500 1847 West Bengal Alloy Steels Plant 234 58 Tamil Nadu Salem Steel Plant 180 100 Karnataka Visveswaraya Iron 118 0 and Steel Ltd.

Total 19632 15213 Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL) Andhra Pradesh Vizag Steel Plant 6300 4302

TOTAL: Public Sector 25932 19515 CPCB, Delhi 6Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags B. Private Sector (thousand (thousand tonnes) tonnes) State Units Capacity Production Andhra Pradesh 24 2314 1596 Arunachal 3 125 0 Pradesh Assam 6 131 59 Bihar 13 830 465 Chhattisgarh 80 13191 8939 Goa 10 405 400 Gujarat 71 13688 8403 Haryana 14 1037 731 Himachal Pradesh 25 1144 766 Jammu and 8 189 118 Kashmir Jharkhand 30 14888 12169 Karnataka 24 15143 11688 Kerala 29 480 253 Madhya Pradesh 9 457 369 Maharashtra 54 12030 7925 Meghalaya 5 181 37 Odisha 52 21530 17934 Punjab 114 5064 2917 Rajasthan 31 1005 589 Tamil Nadu 90 3542 2059 Telangana 27 1605 1192 Tripura 1 30 7 Uttar Pradesh 46 1617 1005 Uttarakhand 39 1524 950 West Bengal 39 5238 3085 Dadra and Nagar 10 168 145 Haveli Daman and Diu 3 46 40 Delhi 2 16 10

Total: Private 869 117982 84030 Sector

Total: Public 9 25932 19515 Sector All Region Total 878 143914 103545

Source: Joint Plant Committee The major wastes produced in integrated steel plants include BF Slag / Iron Slag, Steel Melting Shop (SMS) Slag accounting for nearly more than half a ton for each CPCB, Delhi 7Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags ton of steel produced. Generally, BOF/LD route produces 150-180 kg and EAF route produces 200-220 kg slag per ton of steel.

The iron making and steel making slag are different physically and chemically, there are different process technology for iron making like blast furnace, Corex and Sponge iron (DRI - Rotary kiln or Midrex) and steel making like BOF/LD Convertor, EAF, Conarc, IF, etc. Every process generates different kind of slag with different composition range and physical properties. Major Indian iron and steel manufacturing process is summarised in table given below.

Process Technology Input Output Iron Blast Furnace Iron ore pellet, Lump Ore, Iron ore Hot metal, BF Slag Making Sinter (granulated/ ungranulated) Corex Iron ore pellets Hot metal, Corex Slag (granulated/ ungranulated) Sponge Iron Gas based sponge iron (iron ore Direct Reduced Iron, pellets, calibrated lump ore); Coal Char based sponge iron (iron ore, coal, limestone) Steel BOF (LD Hot metal, Lime, Dolime, Oxygen Liquid Steel, BOF Slag Making Converter) EAF/Conarc Hot metal/ Cold DRI/ Hot DRI/ Liquid Steel, EAF Slag, Briquettes, Steel Scrap, Pig Iron, Conarc Slag Lime, Dolime, Oxygen Induction Steel Scrap, Pig Iron, DRI Liquid Steel, IF Slag Furnace Ladle Furnace Liquid Steel from EAF / BOF Liquid Steel, LF Slag [Source: ISA]

3.0 Pyro-metallurgical Slags Generation and its Properties - Iron & Steel Plants As per Indian Minerals Yearbook 2019 (Part-II: Metals and Alloys) Iron, Steel & Scrap and Slag (August 2021), the slag from iron and steel plant is defined as:

Slag is a by-product generated during manufacturing of pig iron and steel. It is produced by action of various fluxes upon gangue materials within the iron ore during the process of pig iron making in blast furnace and steel manufacturing in steel melting shop. Primarily, slag consists of calcium, magnesium, manganese and aluminium silicates and oxides in various combinations. The cooling process of slag is responsible mainly for generating different types of slags required for various end-use consumers.

The chemical composition of slag may remain unchanged but physical properties vary widely with the changing process of cooling.

In an integrated iron and steel plant, the slag is generated from the process namely Blast Furnace, De-sulphurisation Process, Basic Oxygen Furnace Process and Ladle Furnace Process. The composition of iron ore, coal/coke, fluxes, etc. used in iron CPCB, Delhi 8Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags making plays an important role in the quantity and quality of slag generation. Certain stand-alone units namely Electric Arc Furnace, Induction Furnace, Secondary Refining units, etc. also generate slag. The quantity of slag generated in Electric Arc Furnace and Induction Furnace processes is less in comparison to quantity of slag generated from other processes.

Most of the steel plants are utilizing 100% of the BF slag produced mostly in cement making and some portion as aggregate, while others are closer to reach the 100% utilization. However, the utilization of SMS (particularly LD) slag is limited due to the

following:  Phosphorus content;  High Free lime content; and  Higher specific weight.

To resolve these issues, Ministry of Steel is funding research & development initiatives for finding ways & means for utilization of steel slag.

3.1 Slag from Blast Furnace The slag generated from blast furnace is tapped in molten form and has a temperature up to 1500 °C. The blast furnace slag is processed with water or air for formation of desired BF slag product based on end use. There are various methods

available for processing of blast furnace slag as below:

Method Process End Product Blowing Quick cooling by air and steam to produce Slag wool glass fibre Granulation Quick cooling with water to produce vitrified Granulated blast granulates (< 5 mm) furnace slag Pelletizing Quick cooling in air to produce Blast furnace glassy/crystalline pellets (< 20 mm) slag pellets Foaming Moderate cooling with less water to produce Foamed blast a crystalline/glassy and porous material furnace slag Cooling in air Slow cooling in air in slag pits to produce Crystalline blast crystalline material furnace slag #BREF - Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for Iron and Steel Production The commonly adopted methods by iron and steel plants in the country for cooling of slag from blast furnace are air cooling and granulation. The Air Cooled BF slag is a crystalline, rock like slag whereas Granulated BF slag is fine granules type slag.

The physical properties of slag from blast furnace have similarity with reference to other natural rock materials.

A typical chemical analysis of the slag from blast furnace in the country is tabulated

as below:

CPCB, Delhi 9Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Composition SiO CaO Al O MgO MnO FeO Fe S TiO Hg 2 2 3 2 Min 26.4 28.72 14 0.52 0.07 0.04 0.08 0.3 0.51 0.018 Range (%) Max 37.2 37.22 35.3 10.21 0.47 0.66 0.9 0.85 0.9 mg/Kg Avg. (%) 33.701 35.268 19.588 8.004 0.410 0.483 0.545 0.593 0.707 [Source: Industry] BF slag generation rate based on 2017-18 data of 11 major producers varied between 320-426 kg per ton of hot metal (average: 358.27 kg per ton of hot metal) and total annual BF slag generation for 2018-19 and 2019-20 in the country was estimated to be 28.3 MT and 27.5 MT.

(Reference: Status Report on Iron and Steel Slag (Generation and Utilization) MoS)

3.2 Slag from Desulphurisation Process The slag generated in Desulphurisation process is a heterogeneous slag and partially melted. The composition of slag generated from desulphurisation process depends on the desulphurisation agents used for the process. The slag contains relatively high sulphur content. The slag is processed to metal recovery plant for separation of metallic and non-metallic parts.

A typical chemical composition of the slag from the desulphurisation process is as

below:

Composition SiO CaO Al O MgO MnO Total P O Cr O S Free 2 2 3 2 5 2 3 Fe CaO Concentration 0.3- 18 27 8 10 < 0.5 20 < 0.2 < 4 < 5 (wt-%) 0.85 [Source: Industry] The rate of generation of slag from desulphurisation process is 3-21 kg/ton of Liquid steel (BREF) and 14-16 kg/ton of hot metal (MoS).

3.3 Slag from Basic Oxygen Furnace The slag generated from Basic Oxygen Furnace is dependent on the hot metal, flux composition and desired grade steel for end use. The slag is tapped from pot after tapping of liquid steel is completed. The slag is collected in slag pot (ladle) and transferred to cooling yard/pit for air cooling and/or water sprinkling. The effective cooling of the slag is required for achieving the required temperature for further processing. The cooling processes include the following methods:

Methods Process Air Use of high pressure air to solidify the molten slag and Granulation granulation after cooling.

Instantaneous Molten slag is collected in steel box for cooling or solidification slag chill (ISC) and further treatment with water sprinkling and immersion cooling.

Water Molten slag is collected in container and cooled through rapid Granulation water sprinkling.

CPCB, Delhi 10Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags

The chemical composition of the slag from Basic Oxygen Furnace is as below:

Composition SiO2 CaO MgO MnO FeO Fe2O3 Total P2O5 S Al2O3 Free Hg Fe CaO Min 10.13 40.95 4.16 0.58 13.54 23 16 0.6 0.049 0.27 2.53 0.086 mg/Kg Range (%) Max 19.06 52.35 15.15 3.12 23.5 23.57 20.63 2.68 3.5 5.36 3.96 Avg. (%) 14.276 46.803 8.454 1.16 19.3 23.285 17.866 2.864 0.954 1.733 3.233 [Source: Industry] BOF slag generation rate is 85-165 kg/ton of Liquid steel (BREF) and 150 kg/ton of hot metal (MoS) and total annual BOF slag generation for 2017-18 in the country was estimated to be more than 7.4 MT (Reference: Status Report on Iron and Steel Slag (Generation and Utilization) MoS).

3.4 Slag from Ladle Furnace Process The slag is generated from Ladle Furnace Process where refining of steel is carried out in ladle after Basic Oxygen Furnace. The slag generated during the ladle furnace process is dependent on the slag composition of primary stage, flux & ferro-alloys added during the process and other technological parameters. The ladle furnace process involves addition of fluxes and ferro-alloys as per desired end product requirements.

Typical chemical composition of the slag generated from Ladle Furnace Process for low alloy steel (< 5% alloys in total) is as below:

Composition SiO Al O CaO MgO MnO FeO Fe O Total P O S Cr O 2 2 3 2 3 2 5 2 3 Fe Min 2 8 40.08 4.5 0.2 0.5 4.4 0.37 0.11 0.085 0.14 Range (%) Max 20 35 57 10 1.95 15.21 4.4 0.37 0.68 1.83 0.43 Avg. (%) 9.472 22.766 43.772 7.778 0.369 2.885 4.4 0.37 0.224 0.425 0.285 [Source: Industry] The rate of generation of slag from Ladle Furnace Process is 9-15 kg/ton of Liquid steel (BREF) and 12-27 kg/ton of Steel (MoS). The composition of Ladle furnace slag varies significantly based on the type of steel produced. Slags produced during production of high alloy steels (>5% alloying elements) may have higher amounts of Chromium, Nickel, Cobalt, Phosphorus, Sulphur etc.

3.5 Slag from Electric Arc Furnace process The quality of slag generated from the electric arc furnace is dependent on the hot metal/Hot DRI/cold DRI/Flux/Scrap composition and desired grade of steel to be produced for end use. A foamy slag practice is followed where slag is removed out from the spout of the furnace first in the form of foam. The slag is collected in a pot stationed at the bottom of the furnace known as slag pot. This process starts a few minutes from the beginning of the process and continues till the end of steel making.

CPCB, Delhi 11Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags At the end small amount of slag remains in the furnace and liquid steel is tapped by opening the bottom tapping door on the other side where liquid steel is collected in a ladle. The liquid slag is taken in the slag pot to slag processing site where it is cooled either naturally or water spray or air granulation process based on required quality of product for end use. The cooling process explained is one of many followed and the cooling process will vary from manufacturing plant wise.

The chemical composition of EAF slag using Sponge Iron/Hot metal/internally

recycled scrap as input materials is shown in table below:

Composition SiO CaO MgO MnO Total Fe P O T-Cr Al O Free 2 2 5 2 3 CaO Min 17 30 5 0.4 15 0.1 0 5 0 Range Max 22 42 8 0.5 23 1 0.1 9 0.2 (%) Avg. (%) 19.5 35.5 6.5 0.45 19 0.5 0.05 7 0.01 [Source: ISA] Generally BF/BOF route produces 150-180 kg and EAF route produces 200-220 kg slag per tonne of steel, however from Conarc furnace is about 165 kg/tonne of crude steel, however, the quantity of slag generated will be dependent on the quality of input materials especially Iron ore in BF/BOF route.

Globally various options for utilization of iron slag and steel slag are being explored.

Status of iron and steel slags generation, utilization and storage in major iron & steel plants in the country is given in Annexure-I.

4.0 Current Practices for Handling and Management of Pyro- metallurgical Slag

4.1 Iron making slag from Blast Furnace/Corex/Midrex The Slag generated from Blast Furnace is taken to slag handling system where slag is treated through either quenching with water for conversion to granulated slag in Slag Granulation Plant or cooling with air in open dry pit at Blast Furnace. The granulated slag is designated for further use in cement industries for co-processing with raw materials. The air-cooled BF slag is generated while solidification under atmospheric conditions in slag dry pit.

4.2 Slag Granulation The molten metal in blast furnace along with slag is passed through channel at tapping point in blast furnace bottom. The slag is separated from the molten metal with the use of skimmer method. The separated slag is routed to granulation tank where slag and water get mixed and flows to dewatering drum by action of gravity.

Further, it is quenched by water jets in blowing box to produce granulated slag. The de-watering facility in the channel separates the water from granulated slag and the CPCB, Delhi 12Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags hot water is collected in water tank below the conveyor belt. The granulated slag is taken to dedicated slag storage area or yard.

4.3 Air Cooling in Dry Pit The slag dry pit method is used for storage of slag whereby the slag from blast furnace is diverted to dry pits through slag runner and also natural air cooling. The air-cooled slag is further processed to crushing & screening and subsequently utilized in making insulation material, road sub-surface material, etc.

4.4 Steel making slags from LD-Convertors/EAF/Conarc/Induction Furnaces The solidified steel slag from different processes is taken to recycling plant for removal of magnetic components and reduction in size. The slag is graded as per further requirement. The Basic Oxygen Furnace slag is stabilized through natural ageing or weathering whereby the steel slag is stocked in open air for adequate exposure to moisture and further hydration of CaO and MgO present in slag. The process is slow in nature, needs adequate open space and requires longer time duration for stabilization to occur.

In order to overcome the existing issues of slow weathering, the slag is processed through accelerated ageing process whereby the slag is treated with steam for complete hydration of slag in relatively shorter time duration. The steam passes through the inside pores of slag and hydrates the free CaO and MgO. This results in loss of expansion of slag from 3-5% to < 0.4%. The steam ageing is carried out in two different methods - atmospheric steam ageing process and pressurised steam ageing process.

EAF/Conarc slag is graded and magnetically separated like LD slag. However, these slags do not require any ageing treatment as the expansion in slag is inherently low due to absence of free lime content. Some of the international practices are given at Annexure-II.

5.0 Utilization of slags in road construction and as aggregates in concrete Indian Roads Congress has published “Guidelines for Use of Iron, Steel and Copper Slag in Construction of Rural Roads – 2018”. These guidelines provide detailed information on engineering properties of these slags along with the possible utilisation options.

The Indian Standards IS-383: 2016 of the Bureau of Indian Standards on “Specifications of Coarse and Fine Aggregates for Concretes” permits use of aggregates other than natural sources, including slags as given in Annexure-A of said standards. Engineering quality requirements of aggregates are specified in main document.

Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi (CSIR-CRRI) is bringing out revised Guidelines for Utilization of Steel Slag in Road Construction based on the research findings of CSIR-CRRI emanated out of various steel slag road sections laid across CPCB, Delhi 13Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags India using processed steel slag aggregates of BOF, EAF and CONARC Steel Slag of some major steel plants.

6.0 Guidelines for management of pyro-metallurgical slags of iron and steel plants Iron and steel plants shall follow the principles of resource efficiency for optimal use of primary resources in production of iron and steel. The plants shall take steps to facilitate utilization of various wastes, by-products or process rejects including slags.

They shall set-up facilities for internal recovery of material, treating the slags to make it utilizable as alternate material outside the plant. Steel plants shall also take adequate safety measures and standard operating procedures shall be practiced in safe handling of iron and steel slags including the quenching, granulation and recovery operations. It shall be ensured that the slag is tapped in the slag pot or pit only after ensuring that slag pot or pit is dry. The flow of reactive slag into ladle is to be avoided by adopting suitable operational practices. After pouring and filling the Ingot moulds/ Bottom plates, foundry ladle shall be tilted with the help of auxiliary hoist of crane and total residual slag/metal shall be dumped into slag pots slowly.

The safety guidelines for handling of hot metals issued by Ministry of Steel shall be followed.

The following guidance is applicable to all types of iron and steel slags as mentioned

in this document according to their characteristics:

6.1 Iron and Steel plants shall use best available options for maximising internal use of slags in process and recovery of resource material from slags.

6.2 The plants shall adopt appropriate cooling/quenching/treatment techniques to maximise recovery of resource material from slags. The slag treatment pits if any should have impervious hard surface to avoid contamination of soil and wastewater or surface run-off generated should be either re-cycled or treated prior to discharge. The slag handling in open yards if any should have impervious hard surfaces, and run-off from handling area shall be collected and treated prior to discharge.

6.3 Iron and Steel plants shall adopt environment-friendly practices in collection, handling, storage and transport of slag to avoid water and air pollution.

6.4 Iron and Steel plants shall adopt environmental policy for continuous improvement by adopting cleaner / new techniques. Environment management should be supervised by senior management.

6.5 Un-utilized slag shall be stored in captive storage yard having impermeable base and garland drain to prevent the soil and water / groundwater contamination. The unlined slag handling, storage areas and dumpsites shall be discontinued within 2 years from issuance of these guidelines.

CPCB, Delhi 14Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags

6.6 A new slag storage yard shall be constructed above the ground with impermeable base such as compacted clay of minimum 600mm thickness over a single layer of 1.5mm thick geo-membrane. Run-off from slag storage area shall be collected and treated prior to discharge.

6.7 All Iron and Steel plants shall monitor groundwater quality around storage area during pre and post monsoon seasons through a recognised laboratory (under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or any NABL Accredited) for assessment of the contamination (if any) and such assessment reports shall be submitted to respective SPCB/PCC annually. The groundwater shall be monitored for parameters namely pH, alkalinity, Calcium, Magnesium, and heavy metals namely Fe, Mn, Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Mercury, Pb and any other parameter that may be prescribed by SPCBs/PCCs/CPCB.

6.8 Iron and steel slags from pyro-metallurgical route may be used in following areas subject to meeting the quality requirement/standard for the material /

application: i. Cement production ii. Aggregate in cement-concrete iii. Cement-concrete blocks / bricks / tiles iv. Aggregate in construction of roads / railways v. Raw material for glass manufacturing industry (Blast Furnace Slag)* vi. Manufacturing of products for repair of paved roads (bituminous/ asphalt) having subgrade layer* *Note: The avenues are added on the recommendations of the ‘Expert Committee on High Volume Low Effect (HVLE) Wastes’, constituted vide CPCB Office Order dated 08.08.2025 (re-constituted on 14.01.2026). The Committee has recommended that rejects from processing of slag should not be stockpiled and should be lifted in a timely manner. Residual material should be stored temporarily on an impermeable surface and disposed of only in permitted avenues. Processing should be environmentally sound and monitored by the concerned SPCB.

6.9 Iron and Steel plants intending to utilise iron or steel slag for any other purpose, not mentioned above may submit the proposal along with relevant details to CPCB through the respective SPCB/PCC.

6.10 Iron and Steel plants shall maximize external use or recycling of slag which cannot be used or recycled internally. Iron and Steel plants shall take steps to achieve 100% regular utilization of iron slag and steel slags for current generation within one year and also fully utilise the legacy iron slag by September 2025 and legacy steel slag by September 2027, respectively.

Thereafter, the maximum allowable storage of slags at any point of time will not be more than one year’s generation for steel slag and 6 months of generation for iron slag.

CPCB, Delhi 15Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags

6.11 Industry should submit the annual report on generation, quantity stored, quantity utilized and the concerned usage, and disposal as per format given in Annexure-III or on online waste reporting portal as and when developed by CPCB by 30th June of the following year to SPCB/PCC and CPCB.

*** CPCB, Delhi 16Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Annexure – I Filled up questionnaires received from units Slag generation, utilisation and storage data For F.Y. 2021-22 Method of (April 2021 - Mar. 2022) Storage (with Qty. of Plan for Name & Address Qty. of Slag Utilised (in Qty. of Slag details of Slag achieving 100% of plant with Type of MT) stored on Method of impervious stored on Qty. of Slag utilisation of Production Slag 31.03.2022 Utilisation liner / layers

31.03.2021 Generated current and Capacity (in MT) (in MT) Within Externally (in MT) and legacy slag Plant embankment/ dyke) Tata Steel - Granulated 41000 4081238 - 4041422 80816 Cement Making Storage Sufficient Jamshedpur BF Slag facility not market demand required availability and because of better logistics continuous (rake utilisation availability) will improve the utilisation Air-cooled 10000 270070 14018 263767 2285 1. Road Storage Sustaining the BF Slag construction facility not current

2. Works required initiatives Project, because of

3. Mineral Wool continuous Manufacturing utilisation Steel 25300 1614344 339308 1281836 18500 Metallics: For slag Sustaining the making - Remelting in processing, current Slag Steel Melting Storage initiatives Shop facility has Non-Metallics: inbuilt Geo- - Consumption membrane in Sinter making lining.

- Works Project - External Project - Fly Ash brick making - Cement Making - Road Making Tata Steel - Granulated 18080 1749020 - 1603104 163996 Cement Making Storage Sufficient Meramandali BF Slag (In transit facility not market demand for exports) required availability and because of better logistics continuous (rake utilisation availability) will improve the utilisation CPCB, Delhi 17Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Slag generation, utilisation and storage data For F.Y. 2021-22 Method of (April 2021 - Mar. 2022) Storage (with Qty. of Plan for Name & Address Qty. of Slag Utilised (in Qty. of Slag details of Slag achieving 100% of plant with Type of MT) stored on Method of impervious stored on Qty. of Slag utilisation of Production Slag 31.03.2022 Utilisation liner / layers

31.03.2021 Generated current and Capacity (in MT) (in MT) Within Externally (in MT) and legacy slag Plant embankment/ dyke) Air-cooled 505964 24000 - 9964 520000 Road Storage at in- Current slag is BF Slag construction house yard being 100% with utilised. For

embankment legacy slag: and garland processing is drains. ongoing and usage is being enhanced in new

applications:

1. Usage as aggregate in paver, Concrete

2.

Manufacturing Sand Steel 1001495 88264 466507 400174 1017078 Metallics: For slag Current slag is making - Remelting in processing, being 100% Slag Steel Melting Storage utilised. For

Shop facility is legacy slag:

Non-Metallics: with garland processing is - Consumption drain. ongoing and in Sinter making usage is being - Works Project enhanced in - External new Project/ applications:

Hardstand 1. Usage as - Fly Ash brick aggregate in making paver, Concrete - Cement 2.

Making Manufacturing - Road Making Sand Tata Steel - Granulated 12243 1391610 147925 1251587 4341 Cement Making Storage Sufficient Kalinganagar BF Slag Ground facility not market demand Granulated BF required availability and Slag because of better logistics continuous (rake utilisation availability) will improve the utilisation Air-cooled 11139 58495 34063 35371 200 Road Storage Sustaining the BF Slag construction facility not current Works Project required initiatives Paver Block because of Manufacturing continuous utilisation CPCB, Delhi 18Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Slag generation, utilisation and storage data For F.Y. 2021-22 Method of (April 2021 - Mar. 2022) Storage (with Qty. of Plan for Name & Address Qty. of Slag Utilised (in Qty. of Slag details of Slag achieving 100% of plant with Type of MT) stored on Method of impervious stored on Qty. of Slag utilisation of Production Slag 31.03.2022 Utilisation liner / layers

31.03.2021 Generated current and Capacity (in MT) (in MT) Within Externally (in MT) and legacy slag Plant embankment/ dyke) Steel 69750 626611 499573 128429 68360 Metallics: For slag Current slag is making - Remelting in processing, being 100% Slag Steel Melting Storage utilised. For

Shop facility is legacy slag:

Non-Metallics: with garland following - Consumption drain. measures will

in Sinter making be taken: - Works Project 1. Higher - External dispatch to Project/ brick Hardstand customers. - Fly Ash brick 2. making Development - Cement of new Making applications/ - Road Making projects.

3. Slag dispatches to cement making through rakes.

AMNS Hazira Steel 2051288 1520240 664000 2407426 500101 Recycle in Storage on Setup advance SMS-I 4.5 making sinter/BF/Corex. bare soil in crushing/ MTPA SMS-II slag EAF & Sales for road open yard in Magnetic 5 MTPA Conarc and construction the form of separation and as aggregate heap/ dump screening facility AMNS Hazira BF/Corex 1064987 951843 0 1516259 500571 For Cement Huge demand BF 1.8 MTPA Granulated making we are already Corex 1.7 Slag Export/ selling more MTPA domestic Sale than we are generating AMNS Hazira BF/Corex 487161 107428 0 460866 133723 Crushing and Reducing the BF 1.8 MTPA Air-cooled screening for generation Corex 1.7 Slag road making / MTPA land filling AMNS Hazira I.F Slag 172958 113852 0 231325 65704 Direct Sales Magnetic SMS-I 4.5 Separation MTPA SMS-II plant 5 MTPA AMNS Hazira HMDP 11190 0 971 Direct Sales Magnetic Slag Separation plant CPCB, Delhi 19Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Slag generation, utilisation and storage data For F.Y. 2021-22 Method of (April 2021 - Mar. 2022) Storage (with Qty. of Plan for Name & Address Qty. of Slag Utilised (in Qty. of Slag details of Slag achieving 100% of plant with Type of MT) stored on Method of impervious stored on Qty. of Slag utilisation of Production Slag 31.03.2022 Utilisation liner / layers

31.03.2021 Generated current and Capacity (in MT) (in MT) Within Externally (in MT) and legacy slag Plant embankment/ dyke) JSPL Raigarh Granulated 15605.81 1080815.09 309184.105 442722.13 344514.664 Cement Plant Storage at Further BF Slag designed dispatch of place material to use in cement plant.

JSPL Raigarh SMS Slag 2888276 931834 41560 286744 3491806 PS Ball making, Open storage To utilise Cement in a designed maximum Making, Metal yard quantity in recovery, cement Aggregate and production, to Land Filling replace river sand with slag sand, to use in cement concrete, increase in PS Ball making and increase in aggregate utilisation JSPL Angul BF Gr Slag 354106 1316335 8756 811120 850565 Sold to Cement Open Slag Dispatch and plants yard consumption in own cement plant JSPL Angul BOF Slag 300000 711276 1011276 0 0 Land filling No Stock Installed after crushing crusher unit in and metal 2021 and plan recovery to utilization of legacy slag 100% as per generated amount.

JSPL Angul EAF/NOF 200000 319027 489027 0 30000 Land filling storing in big Installed Slag after crushing heaps and crusher unit in and metal specific 2021 and plan recovery locations to utilization of current and legacy slag 100% till July

2023.

Bhilai Steel BF Slag 991981 2430817 0 2237642 1185156 1) Sold to Dumped at 100% (Subject Plant, Bhilai, Cement Slag Yard to BF-1 being Chhattisgarh, manufacturers phased-out Production and Slag wool resulting in no

Capacity: Crude manufacturers generation of Steel = 7.0 Air cooled BF MTPA slag) CPCB, Delhi 20Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Slag generation, utilisation and storage data For F.Y. 2021-22 Method of (April 2021 - Mar. 2022) Storage (with Qty. of Plan for Name & Address Qty. of Slag Utilised (in Qty. of Slag details of Slag achieving 100% of plant with Type of MT) stored on Method of impervious stored on Qty. of Slag utilisation of Production Slag 31.03.2022 Utilisation liner / layers

31.03.2021 Generated current and Capacity (in MT) (in MT) Within Externally (in MT) and legacy slag Plant embankment/ dyke) Durgapur Steel BF Slag 106289 857619 0 945531 18377 1) Sold to 100% being Plant, Cement sold to cement Durgapur, West Manufacturers manufacturers Bengal, Production

Capacity: Crude Steel = 2.5 MTPA Rourkela Steel BF Slag 0 1722913 0 1722913 0 1) Sold to Already Plant, Rourkela, Cement achieved Odisha, Manufacturers Production

Capacity: Crude Steel = 4.85 MTPA Bokaro Steel BF Slag 250000 1877415 143260 1734255 249900 1) Sold to 100% Plant, Bokaro Cement utilisation of Steel City, manufacturers. granulated BF Jharkhand, 2) Used in road slag already Production making achieved.

Capacity: Crude Steel = 5.01 MTPA IISCO Steel BF Slag 240087 902161 0 1066602 75646 1) Sold to 100% Plant, Burnpur, Cement utilisation of West Bengal, manufacturers. air cooled BF Production slag yet to be

Capacity: Crude achieved.

Steel = 2.5 MTPA SAIL BF Slag 1588357 7790925 143260 7706943 1529079 CPCB, Delhi 21Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Slag generation, utilisation and storage data For F.Y. 2021-22 Method of (April 2021 - Mar. 2022) Storage (with Qty. of Plan for Name & Address Qty. of Slag Utilised (in Qty. of Slag details of Slag achieving 100% of plant with Type of MT) stored on Method of impervious stored on Qty. of Slag utilisation of Production Slag 31.03.2022 Utilisation liner / layers

31.03.2021 Generated current and Capacity (in MT) (in MT) Within Externally (in MT) and legacy slag Plant embankment/ dyke) Bhilai Steel BOF Slag 1378742 522168 222294 38441 1640175 Dumped at Bulk utilization Plant, Bhilai, Slag Yard by NHAI/ Chhattisgarh, NRRDA/ State Production PWD/ in

Capacity: Crude agriculture and Steel = 7.0 enhancement in MTPA sale of unprocessed BOF slag Durgapur Steel BOF Slag 9078087 344440 236227 2501 9183799 Dumped at 12.4 lakh Plant, Slag Yard tonnes of BOF

1) Processed Durgapur, West Slag (from old BOF slag used Bengal, stock) was as input material Production auctioned/ sold in Sinter plant,

Capacity: Crude on May 2022 Blast Furnaces Steel = 2.5 for Road and Steel MTPA Making Melting Shop. (National/State

2) Unprocessed Highway).

BOF slag used 139812 Ton of in road material has levelling, low already been lying land lifted during filling and sold June 22 - Jan to external 2023 achieving agencies.

BOF Slag utilisation of

110.8% in FY 2022-23 (up to Jan 2023).

Auction / Selling of BOF Slag/ LD Slag for Road Making will continue.

Rourkela Steel BOF Slag 2000000 601317 299709 99067 2202541 Enhancement Plant, Rourkela, in sale of Odisha, unprocessed Production BOF slag to

Capacity: Crude external Steel = 4.85 agency.

MTPA CPCB, Delhi 22Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Slag generation, utilisation and storage data For F.Y. 2021-22 Method of (April 2021 - Mar. 2022) Storage (with Qty. of Plan for Name & Address Qty. of Slag Utilised (in Qty. of Slag details of Slag achieving 100% of plant with Type of MT) stored on Method of impervious stored on Qty. of Slag utilisation of Production Slag 31.03.2022 Utilisation liner / layers

31.03.2021 Generated current and Capacity (in MT) (in MT) Within Externally (in MT) and legacy slag Plant embankment/ dyke) Bokaro Steel BOF Slag 50000 421701 404709 36076 30916 Enhancement Plant, Bokaro in sale of Steel City, unprocessed Jharkhand, BOF slag to Production external

Capacity: Crude agency.

Steel = 5.01 MTPA IISCO Steel BOF Slag 614200 294662 155983 11445 741435 Enhancement Plant, Burnpur, in sale of West Bengal, unprocessed Production BOF slag to

Capacity: Crude external Steel = 2.5 agency.

MTPA SAIL BOF Slag 13121029 2184288 1318922 187530 13798866 RINL BF Slag 5598723 2119894 75 2426228 5292314 1. 75 T utilised No specific Sale to cement (Visakhapatnam for construction storage companies Steel Plant) activity within methods the plant present

2. 2426228 T sold to cement industries RINL SMS Slag 5453545 879908 294061 11625 6027767 1. 294061 T No specific Maximising in (Visakhapatnam consumed in storage process use, Steel Plant) process & Land methods exploring for filling within present use in road the Plant making

2. 11625 T sold CPCB, Delhi 23Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Slag generation, utilisation and storage data For F.Y. 2021-22 Method of (April 2021 - Mar. 2022) Storage (with Qty. of Plan for Name & Address Qty. of Slag Utilised (in Qty. of Slag details of Slag achieving 100% of plant with Type of MT) stored on Method of impervious stored on Qty. of Slag utilisation of Production Slag 31.03.2022 Utilisation liner / layers

31.03.2021 Generated current and Capacity (in MT) (in MT) Within Externally (in MT) and legacy slag Plant embankment/ dyke) JSW Steel Ltd., BF 30237 451752 311 227431 254247 Due to the BF granulated 100% Salem Works, COVID-19 slag directly utilisation Pottaneri, disposal not sent to slag Mecheri, happened. From grinding unit Mettur, Salem May 2022 Works, Tamil onwards slag Nadu - 636453. grinding unit is Integrated Steel in operation and Plant with the slag 100% capacity 1.15 generated is sent MTPA special to slag grinding alloy steel unit to produce production value added product of GGBS. Portion of quantity is sold to cement industries also.

The accumulated quantity will be also used in slag grinding unit JSW Steel Ltd., SMS Slag 218975 240657 1563948 141467 164217 In-house SMS Slag 97% utilisation.

Dolvi, consumption at sent to Maximise Maharashtra SP, SMS Paver crushing unit through paver block mfg and where iron making facility to Cement bearing and sale to Industries & materials are cement open market separated and industries the crushed material is stored in a yard (dyke) and subsequently sent to Captive consumption and disposal BF Slag 1436782 1 from BF 1 (Granulated Stored in a BF Slag) Used for designated BF Slag 574486 Cement plant place with 1 from BF 2 dyke wall (Granulated BF Slag) CPCB, Delhi 24Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Slag generation, utilisation and storage data For F.Y. 2021-22 Method of (April 2021 - Mar. 2022) Storage (with Qty. of Plan for Name & Address Qty. of Slag Utilised (in Qty. of Slag details of Slag achieving 100% of plant with Type of MT) stored on Method of impervious stored on Qty. of Slag utilisation of Production Slag 31.03.2022 Utilisation liner / layers

31.03.2021 Generated current and Capacity (in MT) (in MT) Within Externally (in MT) and legacy slag Plant embankment/ dyke) Electric 1195458 440663 556709 969784 After metal Stored in a Arc recovery, EAF designated Furnace & BOF slag is place with

(EAF) Slag utilised for dyke wall from Steel construction making purpose, road Shop-1 making in Basic 143826 National Stored in a Oxygen Highway designated Furnace (Concrete Road place with slag (BOF) and Bituminous dyke wall from Steel Road) land Melting reclamation in Shop 2 low lying area inside premises.

Proposed for utilization in marine application like tetrapods and marine structure.

CPCB, Delhi 25Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Annexure – II International Practices in management of Iron and Steel Slags Slag from Blast Furnace

US Department of Transportation: (User Guidelines for Waste and By-product Materials in Pavement Construction) Air-Cooled Blast Furnace Slag: Liquid slag is cooled slowly under ambient condition to form a crystalline structure and to produce a hard, lump slag that can be crushed and screened for further use.

Expanded or Foamed Blast Furnace Slag: Liquid slag is cooled and solidified by adding controlled quantities of water, air or steam, in order to accelerate the process of cooling and solidification and to produce a lightweight expanded or foamed product with increased cellular nature.

Pelletized Blast Furnace Slag: Liquid slag is cooled and solidified with air and water in a rotating drum to produce pellets of more crystalline nature as a beneficial for aggregate use.

Granulated Blast Furnace Slag: Liquid slag is cooled and solidified through rapid water quenching to have a low crystallization occurrence and to produce a sand size fragments and clinker like materials.

Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag: When granulated blast furnace slag is crushed to very fine cement-size particles to produce ground granulated blast furnace slag for use in cement industry as a replacement/additive of Portland cement.

Australasian (Iron & Steel) Slag Association: (Blast Furnace Slag Cements &

Aggregates: Slag Binders and Aggregates and Australian Standards)

Ground Granulated Iron Blast Furnace Slag: It is defined as the glassy granular material resulting from the rapid chilling of molten, a non-metallic product, consisting essentially of silicates and alumina-silicates of calcium, produced simultaneously with iron in an iron blast furnace slag.

United Kingdom: (Blast Furnace Slag: A technical report on the manufacturing of blast furnace slag and material status in the UK).

Air-cooled Blast Furnace Slag (ACBFS): The molten slag is being taken to open air pits located nearby blast furnace and the slag is quenched with water applied through water spray system to provide cooling and its crystallisation. The cooled slag is then crushed and screened to produce aggregates for other applications.

Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS): The molten slag is passed through granulation plant where it is quenched rapidly with warm water and results in production of vitrified (glassy) material having sand-like appearance. The cooled granulated slag is ground in grinding mill for conversion into ground granulated blast furnace slag.

CPCB, Delhi 26Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Slag from Steel Industry BREF – European Union De-sulphurisation slag: A heterogeneous slag, whose composition is dependent on used desulphurisation agent, contains high sulphur content is generally recycled to sinter mix or partially used for landfill construction.

Basic Oxygen Furnace slag: The slag from basic oxygen furnace is dependent on process employed. It is generally used as an aggregate in road construction as base/sub-base, in asphalt mixtures and in waterway construction. Also, it is selectively used as fertiliser and liming agent in agriculture due to presence of CaO content.

CPCB, Delhi 27Guidelines on Management of Pyro-metallurgical Slags - Iron & Steel Slags Annexure – III Format for submission of annual report on slag generation, utilization and storage.

1. Name and Address of the Plant:

2. Contact Person Responsible for Management of Iron & Steel Slag: a. Name and Designation: b. Mobile Number: c. Email ID:

Qty. of Slag Slag Opening Utilised in F/Y (in stored at Method of Storage Stock MT) the end (with details of Financial (in MT) Method of Slag Type* of the liner layers and year as on Utilisation financial embankment/ 31st Within Externally year (in dyke) March Plant MT) Iron Making Slags a) Granulated BF Slag b) Air-cooled BF Slag c) Corex Slags Steel making Slags d) BOF/LD Slag e) EAF/Conarc furnace Slag f) Induction furnace Slag g) Other slag (please specify) *As applicable CPCB, Delhi 28