**Executive Summary**
The document addresses questions regarding solid waste management and monitoring in India under the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016, in response to an unstarred question in Lok Sabha. It outlines the role of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), details on Waste to Energy (WtE) initiatives, and the share of funds provided by the Central Government towards various solid waste management programmes. The question was to be answered on 02.02.2026.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Role of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB):**
* The CPCB coordinates with State Pollution Control Boards and Pollution Control Committees for implementing solid waste management rules and adhering to prescribed standards.
* The CPCB formulates standards for groundwater, ambient air, noise pollution, and leachate related to solid waste processing and disposal facilities.
* The CPCB reviews and updates environmental standards and norms for solid waste processing facilities and treatment technologies.
* The CPCB issues guidelines and directions under Section 5 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, for effective implementation of the rules.
* **Incineration-based Waste to Energy (WtE) Plants:**
* The Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016, contain specific criteria for waste to energy processes.
* Schedule II of the rules sets standards for processing and treating solid waste, including emission standards for incinerators/thermal technologies.
* The CPCB has prepared a report on "Selection Criteria for waste Processing technologies."
* There are twenty-one operational Waste to Energy Plants in India.
* **Central Government Funding (SBM-U):**
* Central assistance is provided under the SWM component of SBM-U for setting up waste processing facilities.
* Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs), Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) processing facilities, and waste to electricity (WtE) plants can be established under SBM-U 2.0.
* State-wise fund allocation for solid waste management under SBM-U 2.0, including for West Bengal, is available in the Annexure.
* Details of all projects under SBM-U are available on the SBM-U portal.
**Impact Analysis**
**State Pollution Control Boards and Pollution Control Committees**
* **Impact:** They are impacted by the need to coordinate with the CPCB for implementing solid waste management rules and adhering to prescribed standards.
* **Action Required:** Implement the rules and standards according to CPCB guidelines.
**Local Authorities**
* **Impact:** They are impacted by the solid waste management rules and the standards set by the CPCB for processing and disposal facilities.
* **Action Required:** Adhere to prescribed standards for solid waste management and processing.
**Solid Waste Processing and Disposal Facilities**
* **Impact:** They are impacted by the standards and norms prescribed for their operations.
* **Action Required:** Ensure compliance with the standards set by the CPCB for emissions and waste processing.
**States and Union Territories**
* **Impact:** They are impacted by the SBM-U fund allocation for solid waste management.
* **Action Required:** Implement projects under SBM-U 2.0 and report their progress on the SBM-U portal.
Key Entities Referenced
Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016: Rules that mandate the Central Pollution Control Board to coordinate with State Pollution Control Boards for implementation and adherence to prescribed standards by local authorities, and prescribe standards for processing and treatment of solid waste.
Central Pollution Control Board: A board mandated to coordinate with State Pollution Control Boards for implementation of Solid Waste Management Rules, to formulate standards for solid waste processing and disposal facilities, and to review environmental standards.
Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U): A program providing central assistance for setting up waste processing facilities.
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986: Act under which the Central Pollution Control Board issues guidelines and Directions for the effective implementation of the Solid Waste Management Rules.
Darjeeling and Kalimpong: Districts mentioned in the question concerning centrally funded Solid Waste Management programs.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 237
TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.02.2026
Funding and Monitoring of Solid Waste Management
237. SHRI RAJU BISTA:
Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to
state:
(a) the details of the role of Central Pollution Control Board in monitoring Municipal Solid
Waste related pollution, if any;
(b) the details of Incineration-based Waste to Energy Plants initiative along with
requirements and parameters;
(c) the details of share of funds provided by the Central Government towards various solid
waste management programmes, if any, State/UT-wise; and
(d) the details of any Centrally funded Solid Waste Management programme in the districts
of Darjeeling and Kalimpong?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND
CLIMATE CHANGE
(SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH)
(a): As per Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016, Central Pollution Control Board has been
inter alia mandated to co-ordinate with the State Pollution Control Boards and the Pollution
Control Committees for implementation of these rules and adherence to the prescribed
standards by local authorities. The Central Pollution Control Board is also mandated to
formulate the standards for ground water, ambient air, noise pollution, leachate in respect of
all solid waste processing and disposal facilities and also review environmental standards and
norms prescribed for solid waste processing facilities or treatment technologies and update
them as and when required. The Central Pollution Control Board has also issued guidelines and
Directions under Section 5 of the Environment (Proection) Act, 1986 for effective
implementation of the rules, as required.
(b) : The Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016, have a separate provision with respect to
the criteria for waste to energy process. Schedule II of the Solid Waste Management Rules,
2016, prescribes standards of processing and treatment of solid waste including standards for
emission from incinerators / thermal technologies in solid waste treatment and disposal
facilities. CPCB has also prepared a report entitled “Selection Criteria for waste Processing
technologies” which includes various available technologies for waste processing & their
criteria, criteria for incineration & key considerations for operation of incinerator & waste to
Energy initiatives. As per available information, there are twenty one operational Waste to
Energy Plants in the country.(c) & (d): Under SWM component of SBM-U, Central assistance is provided for setting up
waste processing facilities to manage dry and wet municipal waste. For management of dry
waste, Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs), Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) processing facilities,
waste to electricity (WtE) plants can be established under SBM-U 2.0. Details of State-wise
fund allocation for solid waste management including West Bengal under SBM-U 2.0 is at
Annexure. The details of all projects under SBM-U reported by States/UTs are available on the
portal of SBM-U maintained by Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India
(https://sbmurban.org/swachh-bharat-mission-progress).Annexure
State/ UT wise allocation under SBM-U 2.0
(₹ in Crores)
Mission Allocation under SWM
S. No. State/UT
component of SBM-U 2.0
1 A&N Islands 5.50
2 Andhra Pradesh 458.10
3 Arunachal Pradesh 33.20
4 Assam 118.30
5 Bihar 341.10
6 Chandigarh 28.50
7 Chhattisgarh 200.10
Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman &
8 4.80
Diu
9 Delhi 1152.60
10 Goa 12.30
11 Gujarat 701.40
12 Haryana 226.90
13 Himachal Pradesh 36.50
14 Jammu & Kashmir 131.70
15 Jharkhand 174.90
16 Karnataka 709.30
17 Kerala 205.80
18 Ladakh 19.00
19 Madhya Pradesh 617.50
20 Maharashtra 1438.10
21 Manipur 23.90
22 Meghalaya 16.80
23 Mizoram 22.20
24 Nagaland 38.54
25 Odisha 209.80
25 Puducherry 46.18
27 Punjab 294.20
28 Rajasthan 541.80
29 Sikkim 6.20
30 Tamil Nadu 807.40
31 Telangana 381.90
32 Tripura 23.00
33 Uttar Pradesh 1235.90
34 Uttarakhand 89.00
35 West Bengal 577.70
Total 10930.12
****