Parliament Question: Health Facilities in Tribal Dominated Areas

**Executive Summary** This document is an answer to Unstarred Question No. 1161 in Lok Sabha, concerning health facilities in tribal-dominated areas, specifically the Rajsamand Parliamentary Constituency of Rajasthan. It outlines the Government's initiatives, under the National Health Mission (NHM) and Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN), to improve healthcare access in these regions. Key data is reported as of 31st December 2025. **Key Points / Main Content** * **National Health Mission (NHM) Support:** * NHM supports the improvement of health infrastructure, ensures sufficient human resources, and enhances the accessibility, affordability, and quality of healthcare, especially for women in tribal, rural, and urban areas, including the Rajsamand Parliamentary Constituency. * Technical and financial aid is provided to States/UTs, based on Program Implementation Plans (PIPs). * Approvals are granted through Record of Proceedings (RoPs), depending on norms and available resources. * **Relaxed Norms for Tribal/Hilly Areas:** * The NHM has relaxed norms to strengthen healthcare access in tribal/hilly/hard-to-reach areas. * Population criteria for Sub Health Centres (SHCs), Primary Health Centres (PHCs), and Community Health Centres (CHCs) have been reduced to 3,000, 20,000, and 80,000 respectively. * One Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) is allowed per habitation instead of per 1,000 population. * Up to 4 Mobile Medical Units (MMUs) per district are permitted in tribal and hard-to-reach areas, compared to 2 in plain districts. * **Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN):** * Launched on November 15th, 2023, this initiative by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA) further relaxes NHM norms. * Up to 10 MMUs are now permitted per district with Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTG) areas. * Norms have been relaxed for one additional Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (ANM) for each Multi Purpose Centre (MPC) constructed by MoTA. * **MMU and AAM Operational Data (as of 31.12.2025):** * 763 MMUs under PM-JANMAN and 155 MMUs under Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DA-JGUA) are operational. * 30,817 AAMs are operational in 178 tribal districts. * **Universal Health Coverage Efforts:** * The Government is making sustained efforts to ensure universal health coverage for tribal women across the country, including in Rajasthan. * Focus areas include antenatal care, institutional deliveries, post-natal care, and family planning services. * Promotion of institutional deliveries through schemes like Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK). * Regular outreach activities, health education, and screening by ASHAs and other frontline workers in tribal habitations. **Impact Analysis** **Stakeholder: Tribal Communities (including women)** * **Impact:** Improved access to healthcare services through relaxed norms for health center establishment, increased ASHA worker availability, and deployment of Mobile Medical Units. Focus on reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health and nutrition. * **Action Required:** Utilize available health services and participate in health programs. **Stakeholder: State Governments/UTs (including Rajasthan)** * **Impact:** Receives technical and financial support from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare to strengthen their public healthcare systems. * **Action Required:** Submit Programme Implementation Plans (PIPs) to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and implement approved projects as per Record of Proceedings (RoPs). **Stakeholder: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare** * **Impact:** Responsible for providing support, approving proposals, and ensuring the effective implementation of health programs in tribal areas. * **Action Required:** Review and approve PIPs, allocate resources, and monitor the progress of health initiatives in tribal areas. **Stakeholder: Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA)** * **Impact:** Plays a role in enhancing healthcare in tribal areas through initiatives like PM-JANMAN and by providing resources for MPC construction. * **Action Required:** Collaborate with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare to ensure the effective implementation of health programs in tribal areas.

Key Entities Referenced