Parliament Question: Impact and Outcomes of 11 Year Transformative Reforms

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2326 TO BE ANSWERED ON 04.08.2025 IMPACT AND OUTCOMES OF 11 YEAR TRANSFORMATIVE REFORMS 2326. SHRI PRAVEEN PATEL: SHRI MAHENDRA SINGH SOLANKY: SHRI DAMODAR AGRAWAL: SHRI LUMBARAM CHOUDHARY: SMT. MALA ROY: SHRI VISHWESHWAR HEGDE KAGERI: SMT. HIMADRI SINGH: SMT. SMITA UDAY WAGH: SHRI GODAM NAGESH: SHRI RODMAL NAGAR: SHRI ALOK SHARMA: SHRI SURESH KUMAR KASHYAP: SMT. SHOBHANABEN MAHENDRASINH BARAIYA: Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state: (a)the details of the key components of the Government 11-year “transformative reforms” including specific initiatives in labour welfare, social security and public healthcare along with the quantitative outcomes achieved improvement in employment, benefit, worker protection, State-wise including Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, particularly in Bhopal and Sehore districts and Himachal Pradesh particularly, Paonta Sahib, Nalagarh and Baddi in Shimla Lok Sabha Constituency; (b)the manner in which the digital interventions have improved efficiency, reduced delays and enhanced worker access and transparency along with metrics used by the Government to assess these improvements, State-wise including Madha Pradesh; (c)the manner in which the digital interventions like e-Shram and Shram Suvidha Portals have improved efficiency, reduced delays and increased access for workers and the various parameters used by the Government to assess the said reforms; (d)the details of the expanded coverage of social security schemes with specific numbers of workers those brought under Employee Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) and Employee State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) during the 11-year period, State-wise; (e)whether coordination with State Governments has improved for effective implementation of said reforms and steps taken by theGovernment to ensure uniformity across the country, State-wise, particularly industrial hubs like Maharashtra; (f)whether the Government recent reforms, including the four Labour Codes, have been implemented in the Dewas–Shajapur Lok Sabha Constituency, if so, the key outcomes observed in terms of worker benefits, formalisation of labour and ease of doing business; and (g)the details of the number of unorganised workers registered on the e- Shram portal, State-wise and the types of benefits extended to them? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT (SUSHRI SHOBHA KARANDLAJE) (a): The Ministry of Labour & Employment implements Central Sector Schemes which are pan India in nature. The details of state-wise beneficiaries under various labour welfare schemes related to health, housing and education during last 10 years are not available centrally. However, consolidated year wise data is mentioned below:- S. No. Financial Labour Welfare Scheme Year Health Housing Education No. of Beneficiaries No. of Beneficiaries No. of Beneficiaries 1. 2015-16 1737929 14544 521572 2. 2016-17 1559744 9831 542974 3. 2017-18 1423152 16177 188241 4. 2018-19 1185209 12394 364629 5. 2019-20 1353227 3485 161572 6. 2020-21 1641516 7854 110466 7. 2021-22 2009095 4824 109802 8. 2022-23 1880034 10266 105277 9. 2023-24 1802000 4785 96051 10. 2024-25 1579705 0 92118 Further, the Government of India has formulated the Unorganised Workers’ Social Security Act (UWSS), 2008 that provides for, inter-alia, formulating welfare schemes for unorganized sector on the matters relating to i. life and disability cover, ii. health and maternity benefits, iii. old age protection and iv. any other benefit as may be determined by the Central Government. The Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-dhan (PM-SYM) scheme was launched in March, 2019 in order to provide old age protection to the workers of unorganised sector. This is a voluntary and contributorypension scheme. Under the scheme, a monthly minimum assured pension of Rs. 3000/- is provided to the unorganised workers after attaining the age of 60 years. The workers in the age group of 18-40 years whose monthly income is Rs. 15000/- or less and not a member of EPFO/ESIC/NPS (Government funded) or not an income tax payee are eligible to join the scheme. The monthly contribution by the beneficiary ranges from Rs. 55/- to Rs. 200/- depending upon the entry age of the beneficiary. Under the scheme, equal matching contribution is paid by the Central Government. Enrolment in the Scheme is done through the Common Service Centres, with its network of about 4 lakh Centres across the country. Eligible unorganised workers can also self-enroll through visiting the portal www.maandhan.in. (b) &(c): The initiatives like e-Shram Portal and Shram Suvidha Portal have played an important role in improving efficiency, reducing delays and enhancing workers’ access and transparency in the following manner:- (I) The Shram Suvidha Portal (SSP) was launched on 16th October, 2014. The portal caters to four major organizations of Ministry of Labour & Employment inter-alia including EPFO & ESIC. Through the SSP, a unique Labour Identification Number (LIN) is generated online to businesses and employers registered on the portal. The portal has eased the complexity of compliance by providing the facilities of online registration, license and return filing to business entities along with randomised risk based inspection system, thereby reducing subjectivity, for the law implementing agencies. (II) The Ministry of Labour and Employment launched e-Shram portal (eshram.gov.in) on 26th August, 2021 for creation of a comprehensive National Database of Unorganised Workers (NDUW) seeded with Aadhaar. The e-Shram portal is meant to register and support the unorganised workers by providing them a Universal Account Number (UAN) on a self-declaration basis. For providing benefits, e-Shram portal is integrated /mapped with following portal/ schemes: (i) e-Shram has been integrated with National Career Service (NCS) Portal. An unorganised worker can register on NCS using his/ her Universal Account Number (UAN) and search for suitable job opportunities. An option/ link has also been provided to registrants on e-Shram portal to seamlessly register on NCS. (ii) e-Shram is integrated with Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maandhan (PM- SYM), a pension scheme for unorganised workers who are aged between 18-40 years.(iii) To provide skill enhancement and apprenticeship opportunities to unorganised workers, e-Shram has been integrated with Skill India Digital portal of Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship. (iv) e-Shram is also integrated with myScheme portal. myScheme is a National Platform that aims to offer one- stop search and discovery of the Government schemes. It provides an innovative, technology-based solution to discover scheme information based upon the eligibility of the citizen. (d): Major schemes of the Ministry of Labour and Employment implemented through EPFO are ABRY, PMRPY, PMGKY. 1. Aatmanirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojana (ABRY): The Central Government launched the Aatmanirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojana (ABRY) and implemented through EPFO from 01.10.2020 to 31.03.2022 (Benefits for registered employees are continued for 2 years from registration i.e. till 31.03.2024) to incentivize creation of new employment opportunities during the COVID-19 recovery phase by providing assistance to the employers of establishments registered with EPFO to recruit unemployed persons including re-employment of those who were rendered un-employed during the Pandemic. The monthly employee’s EPF contribution @ 12% of monthly wage which is liable to be deducted from wage of employee was paid by the Central Government in the EPF account of new employees of eligible establishments. So, there will be no deduction of contribution of 12% from the wages of new employee and he/ she will have a higher take home salary. 2. Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY)- The scheme was designed to incentivise employers for generation of new employment. The scheme had been made applicable from 01.4.2016 to 31.03.2019 (Benefits for registered employees are continued for 3 years from date of joining i.e. till closure of Scheme: 31.03.2022). 3. Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY) was announced initially under PM Garib Kalyan Package from March 2020 to May 2020. It was later extended under Aatmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan 1.0 for three months from June to August 2020. Under the Scheme, the Central Government paid the employees’ and employers’ share of EPF & EPS contributions (24% of wages) for the Scheme period. It was aimed at preventing disruption in the employment of low wage-earning EPFO members in EPF covered establishments who were employing up to hundred employees.The State-wise details of beneficiary employees and benefits disbursed including Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, particularly in Bhopal and Sehore districts and Himachal Pradesh, district wise for ABRY, PMRPY, PMGKY are attached as Annexure -I. ESIC - The ESI Act applies to factories employing 10 or more employees. At present, the wage ceiling for coverage for an employee is Rs 21000/month (Rs.25000/month for PWD employee). In accordance with Section 1 (3) of the ESI Act, the ESI Scheme is extended by the Central Government in phase manner depending on industrial concentration and availability of the infrastructure for administration of medical benefits. As on 30.07.2025, the status of implementation of ESI Scheme is as under: Implementation Status No. of Districts Districts notified 695 Fully notified 602 Partially notified 93 Non-notified 83 Total Districts 778 In the year 2014, the Scheme was implemented in 393 districts of the country which now extends in 695 districts. The detail of numbers of workers brought under the coverage of the Employees’ State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) during the 11-year period, State-wise, is attached at Annexure- II. (e)& (f): The Government has enacted the four Labour Codes namely, the Code on Wages, 2019, the Code on Social Security, 2020, the Industrial Relations Code, 2020 and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 after simplification, amalgamation and rationalization of the relevant provisions of the existing 29 Central Labour Acts. The Labour Codes strengthen the protection available to workers, including unorganized workers in terms of statutory minimum wage, social security and healthcare of workers. The Code on Wages, 2019 has universalized statutory right for minimum wages and timely payment of wages to all workers to support sustainable growth and inclusive development. Besides, the Code on Social Security, 2020 aims to extend social security benefits to all workers both in the organised and unorganised sectors. “Labour” as a subject is in the Concurrent List of the Constitution of India and under the Labour Codes, the power to make rules has been entrusted to Central Government as well as State Governments. As a step towards implementation of the four Labour Codes, the Central Government has pre-published the draft Rules. As per available information, 34, 33, 33 and 33 States/Union Territories havepre-published the draft Rules under the Code on Wages, 2019, the Industrial Relations Code, 2020, the Code on Social Security, 2020 and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 respectively. (g): As on 01.08.2025, the details of the number of unorganised workers registered on the e-Shram portal, State-wise is as follows:- S.No. State/UT Total Registrations 1 ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS 34430 2 ANDHRA PRADESH 8612200 3 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 209835 4 ASSAM 7711556 5 BIHAR 30021752 6 CHANDIGARH 188404 7 CHHATTISGARH 8602200 8 DELHI 3577890 9 GOA 82869 10 GUJARAT 12175361 11 HARYANA 5401741 12 HIMACHAL PRADESH 2003151 13 JAMMU AND KASHMIR 3598348 14 JHARKHAND 9693168 15 KARNATAKA 10885327 16 KERALA 6065355 17 LADAKH 34681 18 LAKSHADWEEP 2842 19 MADHYA PRADESH 18924295 20 MAHARASHTRA 17851216 21 MANIPUR 463492 22 MEGHALAYA 352309 23 MIZORAM 72245 24 NAGALAND 238304 25 ODISHA 13604912 26 PUDUCHERRY 194755 27 PUNJAB 5861608 28 RAJASTHAN 14897001 29 SIKKIM 48724 30 TAMIL NADU 9311472 31 TELANGANA 4541030 DADRA AND NAGAR HAVELI AND DAMAN 32 AND DIU 75394 33 TRIPURA 896137 34 UTTAR PRADESH 83971502 35 UTTARAKHAND 3085765 36 WEST BENGAL 26480592 TOTAL REGISTRATIONS 309771863 ** *****Annexure-I Annexure referred to in reply to part (d) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question no. 2326 for 04.08.2025. ABRY No. of Unique Beneficiary Employees Amount of Benefit (In Rs.) State ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS 479 11861230 ANDHRA PRADESH 166930 3284684305 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 514 14248840 ASSAM 19918 347119393 BIHAR 28576 756410829 CHANDIGARH 13474 279640170 CHHATTISGARH 85105 1735744298 DELHI 227076 3215199250 GOA 20948 324587534 GUJARAT 591126 9592658199 HARYANA 400760 6160615581 HIMACHAL PRADESH 83382 1385154637 JAMMU AND KASHMIR 19384 487180802 JHARKHAND 62776 1302801799 KARNATAKA 485462 8623937103 KERALA 96343 1980997355 LADAKH 190 3844574 LAKSHADWEEP 9 377616 MADHYA PRADESH 205901 3865578951 MAHARASHTRA 978836 15115535367 MANIPUR 1698 27499955 MEGHALAYA 1224 49053034 MIZORAM 377 16203156 NAGALAND 226 5125124 ODISHA 89360 2029849904 PUDUCHERRY 14746 218894959 PUNJAB 222363 4344301524 RAJASTHAN 326998 5787090274 SIKKIM 4008 72167825 TAMIL NADU 804738 11635070558 TELANGANA 283362 4010975262 THE DADRA AND NAGAR HAVELI AND DAMAN AND DIU 52911 744105294 TRIPURA 5440 100502683 UTTAR PRADESH 433724 8679950952 UTTARAKHAND 93521 1560789482 WEST BENGAL 227402 4115198067 ABRY State/ District No. of Unique Beneficiary Employees Amount of Benefit (In Rs.) MADHYA PRADESH BHOPAL 25474 594654016 SEHORE 4596 68502424 HIMACHAL PRADESH BILASPUR 394 10242580 CHAMBA 802 21937503 HAMIRPUR 1780 48602729 KANGRA 2178 63822940 KINNAUR 4 14225 KULLU 1021 36591040 LAHUL AND SPITI 11 259428 MANDI 973 27255471 SHIMLA 1408 36762766 SIRMAUR 11038 221917952 SOLAN 61111 854549965 UNA 2662 63198038PMRPY No. of Unique Beneficiary Amount of Benefit (In Rs.) State Employees ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS 721 7728575 ANDHRA PRADESH 248573 2281020249 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 45 274191 ASSAM 2690 25294337 BIHAR 129455 1350372942 CHANDIGARH 51824 436006698 CHHATTISGARH 135124 1201730851 DELHI 746831 5383733418 GOA 26111 198276899 GUJARAT 995473 7326963482 HARYANA 999686 6446066048 HIMACHAL PRADESH 131242 949304809 JAMMU AND KASHMIR 0 0 JHARKHAND 70780 615988880 KARNATAKA 1190491 9657821811 KERALA 207879 2652250330 LADAKH 0 0 LAKSHADWEEP 0 0 MADHYA PRADESH 349488 2935593896 MAHARASHTRA 2186267 14884443690 MANIPUR 4334 29461567 MEGHALAYA 139 2190909 MIZORAM 334 6245365 NAGALAND 195 2809216 ODISHA 143037 1245486743 PUDUCHERRY 20784 143127360 PUNJAB 343071 3126519457 RAJASTHAN 465983 3142893122 SIKKIM 8884 94268238 TAMIL NADU 1456824 11254751805 TELANGANA 720074 4943179980 THE DADRA AND NAGAR HAVELI A 79811 523817539 TRIPURA 3704 32407807 UTTAR PRADESH 890194 7541984619 UTTARAKHAND 301156 1740236509 WEST BENGAL 359762 2581381570 PMRPY (Amount in Rs.) No. of Unique Beneficiary Amount of Benefit (In Rs.) State District Employees MADHYA PRADESH BHOPAL 78306 674199680 MADHYA PRADESH SEHORE 5380 68108057 HIMACHAL PRADESH BILASPUR 1529 16945699 CHAMBA 469 6118235 HAMIRPUR 2185 38555380 KANGRA 3721 48296539 KINNAUR 211 1528948 KULLU 1693 16874099 LAHUL AND SPITI 73 510578 MANDI 1337 15837786 SHIMLA 6418 86079596 SIRMAUR 16553 143412600 SOLAN 91772 534305318 UNA 5281 40840031PMGKY PMGKY BENEFIT STATE NAME UANS Amount ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS 1758 16165109 ANDHRA PRADESH 166071 1169034353 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 1493 8652776 ASSAM 20672 137831194 BIHAR 60186 432231657 CHANDIGARH 28890 204481067 CHATTISGARH 91378 645019222 DELHI 52504 365570609 GOA 19475 126750318 GUJARAT 294034 1856652030 HARYANA 102223 641310850 HIMACHAL PRADESH 55990 364352099 JAMMU AND KASHMIR 26591 208432436 JHARKHAND 100286 769946403 KARNATAKA 314309 2499608357 KERALA 122471 927732405 LADAKH 172 2112504 MADHYA PRADESH 172938 1075824356 MAHARASHTRA 479519 3165020318 MANIPUR 6209 32965211 MEGHALAYA 2644 18275367 MIZORAM 867 7715565 NAGALAND 2508 18023702 ORISSA 143696 1018891544 PUNJAB 78758 506980376 RAJASTHAN 144466 797435733 SIKKIM 4093 30805054 TAMIL NADU 580487 3571091025 TELANGANA 173572 1026971311 TRIPURA 3976 27123065 UTTAR PRADESH 235058 1579985296 UTTARAKHAND 50791 324683759 WEST BENGAL 353883 2094285728 PMGKY No. of Unique Amount of STATE NAME DISTRICT Beneficiary Benefit (In Rs.) MADHYA PRADESH BHOPAL 19469 132375020 MADHYA PRADESH SEHORE 1263 7109838 HIMACHAL PRADESH BILASPUR 1854 12725897 CHAMBA 1763 14122212 HAMIRPUR 2110 17314961 KANGRA 5533 39556649 KINNAUR 338 2581134 KULLU 2459 16979599 LAHUL AND SPITI 20 113086 MANDI 4071 32001013 SHIMLA 4548 32645612 SIRMAUR 7051 46246592 SOLAN 21928 122399244 UNA 4315 27639100Annexure-II Annexure referred to in reply to part (d) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question no. 2326 for 04.08.2025. State-wise Number of Insured Persons S. No. State 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024- 25(Provisional) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 Andhra Pradesh 534100 553390 629810 1014140 1172290 1290950 1305590 1269930 1217420 1316920 1386630 1419490 Assam, Meghalya, Nagaland, 2 Tripura,Manipur, 113560 127349 147500 201960 258740 293680 318050 320890 300020 332460 378290 Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh 396060 3 Bihar 104720 130730 143610 201950 237660 283220 339530 346670 358980 411210 450640 506630 4 Chandigarh 87870 103300 109340 230160 230300 173310 167850 144410 130200 141210 155250 140780 5 Chhattisgarh 221170 271670 271850 423990 558420 620480 502700 524640 506750 557400 576840 625580 6 Delhi 1079520 1184560 1280610 1946700 1876670 1716640 1596350 1512740 1328320 1412380 1492680 1373100 7 Goa 136830 165660 170580 288120 242770 285300 209270 216120 172650 195110 216510 214900 8 Gujarat 816490 967030 1030090 1473460 1578670 1627460 1722290 1784840 1568900 1701960 1882600 1986500 9 Haryana 1238220 1567090 1677020 2970810 2944330 2809260 2406100 2510760 2319520 2550310 2897730 2900440 Himachal 10 Pradesh 188450 228380 235340 286390 314720 340500 348140 366910 346160 368090 410860 412150 Jammu & 11 Kashmir 72760 88180 92960 244000 275780 238200 133440 136190 122960 134600 147310 155060 12 Jharkhand 221090 245300 250630 319000 378250 422510 446260 436570 425620 494210 517950 552890 13 Karnataka 1885490 2226010 2385840 3328960 3496090 3473410 3485870 3294380 2963220 3264340 3439260 3519130 14 Kerala 707240 775000 772210 929160 1091290 1054120 1075010 1029630 945260 1013930 1006470 1053570 Madhya 15 Pradesh 424810 511630 546800 792130 949710 1047260 1044440 1065680 967000 1111360 1215640 1287760 16 Maharashtra 2076850 2351860 2400290 4358990 4594170 4847980 4698620 4677460 3990490 4455490 4870460 4871520 17 Odisha 319700 378270 399580 551170 676970 681980 741390 753600 741560 918450 982390 1086260 Puducherry & 18 Mahe 89810 99390 101260 116540 126590 121570 117690 115080 104520 108580 116080 12028019 Punjab 727920 803300 804430 1110650 1166450 1163700 1182890 1263710 1216430 1276940 1385470 1357820 20 Rajasthan 609860 744890 789800 1258450 1398540 1492990 1424980 1436200 1336380 1482690 1665590 1726920 Sikkim Included 21 in Assam 10871 11710 16260 20950 23320 27980 28110 28340 28420 27850 27530 Tamil Nadu and 22 A&N Islands 2634030 2811560 2927030 3949400 4272920 4300200 3969690 3826600 3560310 4021400 4377090 4450150 23 Telangana 1047270 1093000 1152270 1659190 1736640 1817770 1835360 1781390 1564130 1740420 1873530 1908060 24 Uttar Pradesh 1209440 1305150 1320180 1888150 2089850 2263350 2448320 2504390 2365560 2673150 2954850 3104070 25 Uttarakhand 362220 375810 414530 606770 688660 655830 644060 659640 604560 664230 731250 704440 26 West Bengal 1201220 1225150 1296610 1796410 1953870 1922090 1952270 1912830 1835310 1922150 2046870 2140070 All India 18110640 20344530 21361880 31962910 34331300 34967080 34144140 33919370 31020570 34297410 37206090 38041160 *****