Parliament Question: Increase in Cases of Heart Attack

GOVERNMENTOFINDIA MINISTRYOFHEALTH AND FAMILYWELFARE DEPARTMENTOFHEALTH AND FAMILYWELFARE LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 82 TO BE ANSWERED ON25THJULY, 2025 INCREASE IN CASES OFHEART ATTACK *82. SHRIARVIND GANPATSAWANT: SHRISANJAYUTTAMRAODESHMUKH: Will the Ministerof HEALTH AND FAMILYWELFAREbe pleasedtostate: (a) whether the Government is aware that there has been a sharp increase incases of heart attack inthe countryduring the last five yearsandif so, the detailsthereof,year-wise, State/UT- wise anddistrict-wise particularly inMaharashtra alongwith the reasons therefor; (b) whether the Government hasconducted anystudy/research toascertainthe said reasons andif so, the detailsandthe current status of the research on heartdiseases inthe country; (c) whether the Government has launched any scheme for public awareness, regular check-up andtreatmenttoprevent heart attacksinthe countryandif so, the details thereof; (d) the details of the prominent institutions in the country engaged in the research on heart diseases alongwith the achievements, particularlythose inMaharashtra; (e) whether the Government has taken any measures to provide special facilities for heart attack management to the rural, marginalized and weaker sections in the country and if so, the details thereof; and (f) whether the Government hasset any time bound target tobring down the mortalityrate inthis regardandif so, the detailsthereof? ANSWER MINISTER OFHEALTHAND FAMILYWELFARE (SHRIJAGATPRAKASH NADDA) (a)to(f): Astatement islaid onthe Tableof the House *****STATEMENTREFERRED TOIN REPLYTO LOK SABHASTARREDQUESTION NO.82 FOR25.07.2025 ***** (a) to (f) The data regarding cases of heart attack is not maintained centrally. Heart attack cases are not notifiable and there isnocentralregistry for the same. IndianCouncil of Medical Research (ICMR) hasinformedthatinorder tounderstand the reasons for heart attack, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE) conducted a multi- centric matched case-control study in 25 hospitals across India. Cases were patients aged 18-45 years admitted in the study hospitals with newly diagnosed Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) between October 2021 and January 2023. Controls were patients aged 18-45 years admitted in the same hospital for other causes, matched for time of hospitalization. Information was collected regarding the various risk factors. Key findings of the study (not yet published) are givenbelow: i. Hospitalization with AMI was associated with presence of any known comorbidity, family history of thrombotic eventand everbeingsmoker. ii.Receiptof vaccination against COVID-19 hadnoeffectonthe risk of AMI. iii. Even in those without any comorbidities, family history of thrombotic events and ever smoking was associated with increasedrisk of AMI. ICMR in last two years has funded two Centres of Advanced Research (CAR) for research on cardiacdisorders. Theyare: i. Centre for advanced research and excellence in heart failure phase II, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences andTechnology,Kerala ii. Impact, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability of a synergistic, multipronged, customized, low- cost intervention package (IP) to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden among diverse populationsacross India.StJohn's Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru. National Health Mission (NHM) providestechnicaland financialsupport tothe StatesandUnion Territories under the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases (NP-NCD). Cardiovascular disease is an integral part of NP-NCD. Under the programme, 770 District NCD Clinics, 6410 Community Health Center NCD Clinics and 233 Cardiac Care Units have been set up. Further, a population-based initiative for prevention, control and screening for common NCDs including diabetes & hypertension has been rolled out inthe countryunderNational HealthMission (NHM)asa part of Comprehensive PrimaryHealth Care.Under the initiative, persons more than30 yearsof age are targeted for theirscreening. To manage acute cardiac eventsa hub-and-spoke modelhasbeen implemented.District hospitals and Community Health Centers (spokes) are equipped to provide initial thrombolysis and stabilization, while tertiary hospitals and medical colleges (hubs) offer advanced interventions.Ambulance services, telemedicine platforms and streamlined referral pathways further enhance access, especiallyinrural areas. Government of India provides financial support under NHM for awareness generation activities for Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) including cardiovascular diseases to be undertaken by the States and Union Territories. The preventive aspect is strengthened under Comprehensive Primary Health Care through Ayushman Arogya Mandir, by promotionof wellness activities and targeted communication at the community level. Furthermore, healthy eating is also promoted through Food Safety & Standards Authority of India. Fit India movement is implemented by Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, and various Yoga related activities are carried out by Ministry of AYUSH. The Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) offers health insurance coverage for over 50 crore people, covering secondary and tertiary cardiac care, including angioplasty and bypass surgeries. The Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP) and Affordable Medicines and Reliable Implants for Treatment (AMRIT) Pharmacies improve access to affordable cardiovascular medicines, stents, and implants, reducing out-of-pocket expenses and supporting long-term treatment adherence. The NP-NCD Programme is aligned with Sustainable Development Goal Target 3.4, which aims to reduce premature mortalityfrom non-communicablediseases includingcardiovascular disease byone-third by2030 through prevention,treatment, andthe promotionof mentalhealth andwell -being. *****