Parliament Question: Pendency of cases and institutional capacity in NCLT and NCLAT

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3574 ANSWERED ON TUESDAY, THE 24TH MARCH 2026/ [CHAITRA 3, 1948 (SAKA)] PENDENCY OF CASES AND INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY IN NCLT AND NCLAT QUESTION 3574. DR. SASMIT PATRA: Will the Minister of CORPORATE AFFAIRS कॉरपोरेट कार्य मंत्री be pleased to state: (a) the total number of cases pending before benches of the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) and the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT), including cases under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code during the last five years, bench-wise; (b) the sanctioned and actual strength of judicial and technical members in NCLT and NCLAT during this period and whether vacancies have contributed to delays in disposal of cases; (c) the number of insolvency cases where the resolution process exceeded the statutory timelines under IBC and the average time taken for resolution or liquidation; and (d) the steps taken by Government to address issues? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRS; AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS (HARSH MALHOTRA) (a) The total number of cases pending before benches of the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) and the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT), including cases under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) during the last five years, bench-wise is at Annexure-I. (b) The sanctioned and actual strength of Judicial and Technical Members in NCLT and NCLAT, year-wise, is at Annexure-II. Cases are disposed in the Tribunals as per procedure provided in law and the pendency cannot be attributed to vacancies alone. NCLT and NCLAT are quasi-judicial bodies. There are several reasons for the pendency of cases which, inter-alia includes circumstances and complexity of each case, nature of evidence, number of Interlocutory Applications (IAs), stay by the higher courts, cooperation of stake holders etc. (c) Resolution plans were approved in 969 cases under the IBC from FY 2020-21 to FY 2024- 25. Out of these, in 829 cases, the timeline of 330 days was exceeded. The average time taken for resolution and liquidation is given at Annexure-III. (d) The Government has been taking continuous steps to augment the capacity and strengthen the institutional framework of the NCLT through improved infrastructure, digital initiatives, and related administrative reforms. These measures aim to ensure that the adjudicatory process remains efficient, well-supported, and responsive to the evolving needs of the IBC framework. *****Annexure I (as referred to in part (a) of the reply to the Rajya Sabha Unstarred Question No. 3574 answered on 24.03.2026) Cases pending in NCLT: Bench Name As on As on As on As on As on 31.03.2021 - 31.03.2022 - 31.03.2023 - 31.03.2024 - 31.03.2025 - Total cases Total cases Total cases Total cases Total cases including including including including including IBC cases IBC cases IBC cases IBC cases IBC cases Principal & 4,472 3,994 4,012 3,767 2,579 New Delhi Mumbai 7,262 7,657 7,407 5,977 4,006 Kolkata 1,799 2,111 1,833 1,948 1,920 Chennai 1,623 1,532 1,530 1,509 1,035 Chandigarh 1,054 1,348 1,545 1,451 1,275 Ahmedabad 1,030 1,140 1,314 1,211 809 Hyderabad 1,119 935 990 879 533 Bengaluru 291 458 558 689 637 Allahabad 579 563 663 690 702 Jaipur 477 548 463 450 395 Indore 238 295 360 446 389 Cuttack 295 245 205 212 219 Amaravati 199 209 250 241 186 Kochi 173 218 210 206 190 Guwahati 43 59 84 117 86 Cases pending in NCLAT: Bench Name As on As on As on As on As on 31.03.2021 - 31.03.2022 - 31.03.2023 - 31.03.2024 - 31.03.2025 - Total cases Total cases Total cases Total cases Total cases including including including including including IBC cases IBC cases IBC cases IBC cases IBC cases New Delhi 1,475 1,459 1,288 1,803 2,630 Chennai 55 686 903 911 888Annexure II (as referred to in part (b) of the reply to the Rajya Sabha Unstarred Question No. 3574 answered on 24.03.2026) Sanctioned and actual strength of Members in NCLT: Sanctioned Strength of Members (Judicial and Technical) is 62 in NCLT. The actual strength of Members (Judicial and Technical) is as under: Sr. No. Year Members 1. As on 31.03.2021 29 2. As on 31.03.2022 41 3. As on 31.03.2023 42 4. As on 31.03.2024 53 5. As on 31.03.2025 59 Sanctioned and actual strength of Members in NCLAT: Sanctioned Strength of Members (Judicial and Technical) is 11 in NCLAT. The actual strength of Members (Judicial and Technical) is as under: Sr. No. Year Members 1. As on 31.03.2021 11 2. As on 31.03.2022 8 3. As on 31.03.2023 9 4. As on 31.03.2024 10 5. As on 31.03.2025 9Annexure III (as referred to in part (c) of the reply to the Rajya Sabha Unstarred Question No. 3574 answered on 24.03.2026) Details regarding average time taken in resolution for past five years Average time (excluding As on As on As on As on As on the time excluded by the March, March, March, March, March, AA) 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Number of days from Insolvency Commencement Date to approval of 408 451 507 562 597 resolution plan by Adjudicating Authority (AA) Details regarding average time taken in liquidation for past five years Average time As on As on As on As on As on March, March, March, March, March, 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Number of days from Insolvency Commencement 352 414 455 493 508 Date to order for liquidation by AA