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GOVERNMENT OFINDIA
MINISTRYOFHEALTHAND FAMILYWELFARE
DEPARTMENT OFHEALTHAND FAMILYWELFARE
LOK SABHA
UNSTARREDQUESTION NO. 1019
TOBE ANSWERED ON24.07.2026
PREVALENCEOFJAPANESEENCEPHALITIS
1019: DR. SHASHITHAROOR:
Will the Minister of HEALTHANDFAMILYWELFARE be pleased tostate:-
(a) whether the Government has undertaken anyrecent assessment of the prevalenceof Japanese
Encephalitis across the country, if so, the details thereof including the identification of high-
risk Statesanddistricts, State/districts-wise;
(b) whether the Government has evaluated the effectiveness of large-scale Japanese Encephalitis
vaccination campaigns, including the recent campaign undertaken in Malappuram district,
Kerala,if so, the detailsand keyfindingsthereof;
(c) whether the Government maintainsdata onthe incidence, mortality andvaccination coverage
relatingtoJapanese Encephalitis, if so, the detailsthereof,State/UT-wise anddistrict- wise;
(d) whether the Government has identified gaps in surveillance, early detection and vaccination
coverage inhigh-risk areas, if so, the detailsthereof; and
(e) the steps taken/proposed to be taken by the Government to strengthen surveillance, expand
vaccination coverage and improve preparedness to prevent outbreaks of Japanese
Encephalitis?
ANSWER
THE MINISTER OFSTATE IN THE MINISTRYOFHEALTH AND FAMILYWELFARE
(SMT.ANUPRIYAPATEL)
(a) to (e): Public Health is a State Subject and the responsibility for strengthening of
healthcare system lies with respective State/Union Territory Governments. However, under
National Health Mission (NHM), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India
provides financial and technical support to the States/UTs including Kerala in an integrated
manner for control ofVector Borne Diseasesincluding JapaneseEncephalitis(JE) control activities,
based on the Programme Implementation Plans (PIPs) submitted by the States/UTs within their
overall resource envelope.
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Directorate General of Health Services and National
Center for Vector Borne Diseases Control (NCVBDC) are regularly monitoring the prevalence of
Japanese Encephalitis in the country including Malappuram district, Kerala, through regular
reviews and reports submitted by the States/UTs and through field visits.
NCVBDC under Ministry of Health and Family Welfare maintains surveillance data on Japanese
Encephalitis (JE) cases. Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is endemic in 357 districts of 24 States/UTs.
As reported by respective State/UTs, the State/UT wise incidence, mortality and vaccination
coverage data is attached at Annexure-1.
The following measures and initiatives have been undertaken for prevention and control of
Japanese Encephalitis (JE) in the country including Kerala: Disease Management involving early case detection, strengthening of referral services,
epidemic preparedness and rapid response.
Vector control includes fogging in selected high-risk areas, minor environmental
engineering and source reduction for prevention of breeding and minor environmental
engineering and source reduction for prevention of breeding.
Inter-Sectoral Convergence including high-level advocacy with allied ministries,
Human Resource Development through capacity building and policy development.
Supportive Interventions aiming at Information Education and Communication (IEC) &
Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) and dissemination of public health messages
through various media platforms including social media, radio, newspapers, and
electronic media.
States are trained to enter the data on Integrated Health Information Portal-Vector
Borne Diseases (IHIP-VBD) portal including JE surveillance for real time monitoring,
Provided Technical Guidelines for case management, prevention and control to the
States for implementation.
For surveillance and free diagnosis of JE, a network of 178 Sentinel Surveillance
Hospitals (SSHs) and 15 Apex Referral laboratories (ARLs) identified across the
country. GoI provides IgM test kits to all identified laboratories through National
Institute of Virology (NIV), Pune.
Capacity building and training of trainers, community leaders, and frontline workers to
enhance outreach at the grassroots level.
Advisories are regularly issued to States and Union Territories to continue promotive,
preventive, and curative measures, including outbreak containment.
JE is endemic in Malappuram district of Kerala and State of Kerala has informed that the
vaccination campaign has been started in Malappuram district from January, 2026. The details
of vaccination coverage in different Blocks of Malappuram district is attached at Annexure-2.
******Annexure –1
Annexure referredtoreplyof the LokSabhaUnstarred Q. NO. 1019for replyon24.07.2026
State/UT wise incidence, mortality and vaccination coverage data of JE
Vaccinationcoverage
2025 underRoutine
Sl.
EndemicStates/ UTs Immunization(%)
No.
Cases Deaths JE-1 JE-2
1. Assam 423 79 78.9 71.4
2. Meghalaya 70 5 86.2 79.2
3. Chhattisgarh 69 2 105.9 102.4
4. Tamil Nadu 65 0 91.3 85.5
5. Uttar Pradesh 63 2 96.8 86.9
6. Madhya Pradesh 48 0 91.1 77.5
7. West Bengal 40 7 93.5 87.3
8. Jharkhand 37 0 93.1 86.9
9. Karnataka 31 1 108.6 105.2
10. Bihar 28 5 99.6 94.3
11. Manipur 21 2 95.0 88.8
12. Tripura 20 0 95.7 91.3
13. Nagaland 19 3 81.8 70.3
14. Odisha 18 0 97.8 94.3
15. Arunachal Pradesh 10 2 109.9 101.8
16. Maharashtra 7 1 87.2 71.4
17. Kerala 3 1 114.1 120.2
18. Andhra Pradesh 2 0 91.4 84.5
19. Punjab 1 0 0 0
20. Goa 0 0 109.6 104.7
21. Haryana 0 0 101.7 94.1
22. Telangana 0 0 126.4 116.7
23. Uttarakhand 0 0 77.0 71.9
24. Delhi 0 0 0 0
Grand Total 975 110Annexure –2
Annexure referredtoreplyof the LokSabhaUnstarred Q. NO. 1019for replyon24.07.2026
Coverage in different Blocks of Malappuram district
Sr. Block VaccinationCoverage underRoutine
No. Immunization(%)
1. Chungathara 15
2. Edappal 20
3. Edavanna 9
4. Kalikavu 9
5. Mankada 8
6. Maranchery 13
7. Mankeri 13
8. Melattur 12
9. Pallikkal 16
10. Peruvallur 12
11. Pookkottur 8
12. Thirurvali 13
13. Valavannur 8
14. Vengara 12
15. Vettom 12