Executive Summary:
This document presents the Indian government's response to questions regarding rural drainage and wastewater management under the Swachh Bharat Mission Gramin (SBMG) and Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM), answered on August 7, 2025. It details the progress in implementing drainage systems, liquid waste management, and the status of ODF certifications. The document further provides data on funds allocated, released, and utilized under SBMG and JJM over the last five years.
Key Points / Main Content:
Drainage Systems:
* Approximately 86.43% (507,394 out of 587,045) of villages have implemented some form of drainage system.
* Greywater management is done through soak pits, kitchen gardens, Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems (DEWATS), duckweed ponds, and Phytorid systems.
* SBMG promotes closed drains or small-bore systems with safe wastewater treatment and disposal at the drain endpoint but does not monitor specific drain types.
* Annexure 1 provides State/UT-wise details of villages with drainage facilities.
SBMG and JJM Implementation:
* Annexure 2 details State/UT-wise central share allocated, released, and utilized under SBMG for the last 5 years.
* JJM aims to provide potable water to every rural household through functional tap water connections (55 lpcd of prescribed quality) and is being implemented in partnership with States since August 2019.
* Annexure 3 details State/UT-wise central share allocated, released, and utilized under JJM for the last 5 years.
ODF Status:
* SBMG Phase II (2020-21 to 2025-26) focuses on ODF sustainability and converting villages to ODF Plus Model with solid and liquid waste management, including greywater.
* As of August 4, 2025, 473,058 out of 587,047 villages are declared ODF Plus, with 329,753 villages verified.
Impact Analysis:
State Governments/Union Territories:
* Impact: Responsible for implementing drainage systems, liquid waste management, and JJM in their regions, as well as monitoring and reporting on progress.
* Action Required: Utilize allocated funds effectively, implement appropriate greywater management solutions, and work towards achieving ODF Plus status for all villages.
Central Government (Ministry of Jal Shakti):
* Impact: Oversees the implementation of SBMG and JJM, allocates funds, and monitors progress at the national level.
* Action Required: Continue to provide financial and technical support to State Governments/UTs, monitor the impact of interventions on health, sanitation, and the environment, and refine policy guidelines as needed.
Rural Households:
* Impact: Benefit from improved drainage systems, wastewater management, and access to potable water through JJM.
* Action Required: Adopt household-level greywater management practices (e.g., soak pits, kitchen gardens) and ensure proper use and maintenance of tap water connections.
Gram Panchayats:
* Impact: Play a key role in planning, implementing, and monitoring rural sanitation and water supply schemes at the village level.
* Action Required: Ensure effective implementation of drainage systems, promote community participation in greywater management, and maintain ODF Plus status.
Key Entities Referenced
Jal Shakti : The Indian government ministry responsible for water resources.
Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin (SBMG) : A rural sanitation program implemented by the Government of India.
Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) : A Government of India initiative to provide potable water to every rural household.
Lok Sabha : The lower house of the Parliament of India.
Open Defecation Free (ODF) : A status achieved by villages or Gram Panchayats where open defecation has been eliminated.
BIS:10500 : Prescribed quality standards for potable water.
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System (DEWATS) : A type of grey waste management system.
Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) : A system used for tracking progress under Swachh Bharat Mission Grameen (SBMG).
See Full Document Text
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI
DEPARTMENT OF DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.3040
ANSWERED ON 07.08.2025
RURAL DRAINAGE AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT UNDER
SBM-G AND JJM
3040. SHRI G LAKSHMINARAYANA:
Will the Minister of JAL SHAKTI be pleased to state:
(a) the number and percentage of rural villages in the country with proper greywater and
drainage systems along with the number still dependent on open or kutcha drains,
States/UTswise;
(b) the status of implementation of rural liquid waste and drainage management under Swachh
Bharat Mission-Gramin (SBM-G) and Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) including funds allocated,
sanctioned and utilised during each of the last five years, State-wise;
(c) the number of villages or Gram Panchayats certified as ODF+, ODF++ and whether such
certification includes scientific greywater management;
(d) whether any studies have been conducted on the health, sanitation and environmental
impacts of poor rural drainage and if so, the details thereof; and
(e) whether the Government plans to introduce new schemes or policy guidelines targeting rural
drainage improvement and climate resilience and if so, the details thereof?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE FOR JAL SHAKTI
(SHRI V. SOMANNA)
(a) Approximately 86.43% i.e., 5,07,394 out of 5,87,045 villages have implemented some form
of drainage system. Grey Water Management in villages is being done through various
interventions such as soak pits (at household and community level), kitchen gardens and grey
waste management systems such as Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System (DEWATS),
duckweed ponds, Phytorid systems etc. The SBM-G initiative includes solutions at the drain
end-point to ensure effective management and disposal of grey water in rural areas. The
Mission does not monitor the specific types of drains such as open, closed, kutcha, or pucca.
The SBM-G promotes for the adoption of closed drains or small-bore systems with focus on
promoting safe treatment and disposal of wastewater at the drain end-point. State/UT wise, the
details of the villages having drainage facilities are given at Annexure-1
Page 1 of 5(b) State/UT wise, the details of the villages having drainage facilities are given at Annexure-1.
State/UT-wise, Central share allocated, released and utilised under SBM(G) during last 5 years
are at Annexure-2.
Since August 2019, Government of India in partnership with States is implementing Jal Jeevan
Mission (JJM) – Har Ghar Jal to make provision of potable water to every rural household of
the country through functional tap water connection i.e. at a service level of 55 litre per capita
per day (lpcd), of prescribed quality (BIS:10500), on regular and long-term basis.
State/UT-wise, Central share allocated, released and utilised under JJM during last 5 years are
at Annexure-3
(c) to (e) Phase II of Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen) [SBM(G)] is being implemented
during the period from 2020-21 to 2025-26, with focus on Open Defecation Free (ODF)
sustainability and to cover all the villages with solid and liquid waste management (including
Greywater management) i.e. converting the villages from ODF to ODF Plus (Model). Under
SBM(G) there is no provision of ODF ++ Status. Out of the total number of 5,87,047 villages in
country, 4,73,058 villages have been declared Open Defecation Free (ODF) Plus (Model) upto
04.08.2025 as per Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) of SBM(G). Out of
which, 3,29,753 villages have been verified so far.
*****
Page 2 of 5Annexure referred to in reply to Lok Sabha Un-starred Question No.3040
for reply on 07-08-2025
Annexure-1
State Name No of No of Villages having Percentage of
Villages Drainage Facility villages having
Drainage Facility
A & N Islands 265 231 87.17%
Andhra Pradesh 15995 11972 74.85%
Arunachal Pradesh 5134 4227 82.33%
Assam 25368 22082 87.05%
Bihar 37138 35101 94.52%
Chhattisgarh 19643 18087 92.08%
D & N Haveli and Daman & 98 21 21.43%
Diu
Goa 373 346 92.76%
Gujarat 17973 16018 89.12%
Haryana 6618 6250 94.44%
Himachal Pradesh 17623 10796 61.26%
Jammu & Kashmir 6216 5867 94.39%
Jharkhand 29322 27366 93.33%
Karnataka 26484 9025 34.08%
Kerala 1435 1135 79.09%
Ladakh 240 0 0.00%
Lakshadweep 10 9 90.00%
Madhya Pradesh 51043 42884 84.02%
Maharashtra 40247 35100 87.21%
Manipur 2567 467 18.19%
Meghalaya 6466 192 2.97%
Mizoram 646 476 73.68%
Nagaland 1425 1155 81.05%
Odisha 46928 43114 91.87%
Puducherry 91 84 92.31%
Punjab 11977 10884 90.87%
Rajasthan 43463 41116 94.60%
Sikkim 400 270 67.50%
Tamil Nadu 11739 11110 94.64%
Telangana 9871 9472 95.96%
Tripura 765 762 99.61%
Uttar Pradesh 96174 94239 97.99%
Uttarakhand 14967 12774 85.35%
West Bengal 38341 34762 90.67%
Total 587045 507394 86.43%
Page 3 of 5Annexure-2
State/UT-wise, central share allocated, released and utilised under SBM(G) during last 5 years (Rs. In crore)
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25
Name of State/UT
Allocated Released Utilised Allocated Released Utilised Allocated Released Utilised Allocated Released Utilised Allocated Released Utilised
A & N Islands 15.43 7.07 4.13 0.00 0.00 5.17 1.37 0.28 1.44 1.00 0.75 1.00 6.39 1.60 0.04
Andhra Pradesh 393.47 212.27 1056.29 437.64 58.26 442.03 676.79 147.03 274.13 0.00 0.00 66.83 270.16 75.52 146.07
Arunachal Pradesh 23.40 15.28 39.91 23.03 4.10 9.34 29.43 14.72 7.87 15.81 15.81 23.58 14.82 7.41 9.76
Assam 558.85 276.81 775.48 513.56 256.78 208.43 495.71 214.45 253.94 417.77 389.77 336.22 356.15 105.21 135.72
Bihar 776.94 88.56 831.10 651.54 128.01 290.88 1544.86 711.49 639.88 700.00 700.00 739.61 475.73 166.51 715.23
Chhattisgarh 121.68 68.43 322.41 207.58 0.00 1.62 355.07 177.54 133.30 83.98 83.98 100.52 182.10 0.00 84.52
D & N Haveli and
8.57 1.65 0.00 5.75 0.00 9.66 0.00 0.98 0.00 7.47 0.74
Daman & Diu 0.00 0.00 0.71 0.00
Goa 19.24 0.23 0.16 61.27 15.32 488.31 34.38 25.19 19.01 19.61 19.61 18.58 14.32 9.70 19.24
Gujarat 499.20 312.56 649.77 342.73 171.36 21.28 284.68 53.63 102.14 109.61 109.61 158.58 200.00 151.40 187.12
Haryana 220.75 80.60 175.98 181.80 29.95 94.92 202.77 0.00 38.84 0.00 0.00 66.76 100.00 25.11 23.42
Himachal Pradesh 37.88 23.62 70.61 269.13 41.95 63.54 198.07 38.28 64.79 42.00 42.00 48.97 44.17 28.65 54.67
Jammu & Kashmir 64.89 24.89 103.93 246.98 120.00 149.77 494.20 116.79 132.33 251.00 241.33 251.36 245.00 185.00 188.44
Jharkhand 429.67 153.31 553.91 148.51 0.00 230.08 300.64 70.03 130.51 50.00 50.00 260.13 107.85 0.00 36.00
Karnataka 227.75 126.31 285.82 0.00 0.00 67.69 665.34 155.84 148.74 46.00 42.34 73.60 200.00 95.27 95.27
Kerala 137.01 103.73 270.46 34.68 5.66 2.20 308.04 74.00 16.11 0.00 0.00 31.43 50.00 11.67 38.14
Ladakh 3.93 2.71 0.00 14.25 3.56 17.30 1.28 2.12 8.00 5.75 5.52 10.20 2.55 1.66
Lakshadweep 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.40 1.94 0.02 1.00 0.00 0.57 2.70 0.00 0.23
Madhya Pradesh 493.98 291.48 456.43 668.96 334.48 407.35 411.14 184.56 320.02 113.39 113.39 175.82 242.10 121.05 144.62
Maharashtra 340.62 276.75 263.41 1372.73 0.00 163.78 1740.11 0.00 155.00 110.45 110.45 375.36 463.30 189.14 230.11
Manipur 61.29 17.51 18.20 48.34 12.09 33.40 51.45 12.86 12.02 5.10 0.00 1.96 2.00 0.00 13.16
Meghalaya 226.59 65.41 24.73 165.71 36.56 32.91 92.13 16.57 36.68 41.51 20.81 27.23 107.64 0.00 13.26
Mizoram 21.93 14.05 19.72 17.62 13.22 9.19 19.67 9.84 9.52 4.99 4.99 8.71 17.68 8.83 9.92
Nagaland 57.80 22.17 26.72 18.02 9.01 4.35 39.44 19.72 14.41 31.07 31.07 31.07 27.59 20.69 21.35
Odisha 58.92 58.92 406.51 0.00 0.00 162.67 0.00 0.00 255.26 47.00 46.52 189.61 200.00 111.26 111.26
Puducherry 10.11 0.11 2.41 6.89 0.00 2.11 37.80 0.00 12.96 0.00 0.00 2.71 5.00 0.00 0.15
Punjab 66.06 65.94 167.94 52.87 0.00 39.58 168.19 42.05 74.12 54.81 54.81 49.32 92.50 41.30 70.76
Rajasthan 569.78 229.26 671.24 551.85 275.93 243.32 624.90 288.78 290.84 70.00 69.43 132.21 230.00 98.18 101.89
Sikkim 13.79 6.15 8.00 19.73 4.49 5.49 23.17 5.79 4.25 8.88 6.66 8.33 14.79 7.61 8.00
Tamil Nadu 294.67 162.89 100.23 26.29 0.00 88.84 421.10 78.47 144.28 239.74 239.74 222.20 300.00 99.56 196.44
Telangana 262.16 46.86 223.10 180.67 0.00 7.59 542.94 0.00 0.00 25.00 14.18 21.31 164.07 9.56 12.80
Tripura 52.00 24.33 69.52 84.19 17.14 14.52 128.29 28.28 22.73 71.58 35.79 47.74 75.22 21.78 38.65
Uttar Pradesh 1790.48 800.32 1139.51 1825.85 370.59 657.50 1529.38 910.23 873.19 2519.62 2506.78 1970.31 1309.40 785.64 1648.79
Uttarakhand 132.36 50.69 107.69 78.76 14.25 135.01 92.61 37.29 27.97 63.75 63.75 38.18 48.68 8.89 44.09
West Bengal 675.90 261.31 587.90 645.08 135.45 621.54 848.16 406.01 427.24 720.00 720.00 592.88 475.51 150.47 521.27
Total 8667.08 3892.17 9433.23 8902.01 2058.15 4780.52 12386.53 3842.94 4646.64 5872.67 5739.32 6085.68 6055.78 2539.56 4922.79
Page 4 of 5Annexure-3
State/UT-wise, central share allocated, released and utilised under JJM during last 5 years (Rs. In crore)
Name of 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25
State/UT Allocated Released Utilised Allocated Released Utilised Allocated Released Utilised Allocated Released Utilised Allocated Released Utilised
A&N Islands 2.93 1.46 1.45 8.26 2.06 1.95 9.15 2.16 0.60 7.52 3.76 0.99 2.98 0.45 0.61
Andhra Pr. 790.48 297.62 419.30 3182.88 791.06 234.02 3458.20 0.00 304.71 6530.49 793.57 861.11 2520.97 70.00 375.65
Arunachal Pr. 254.85 344.85 392.43 1013.53 1555.53 1113.37 1116.35 1116.35 1256.17 1057.11 771.21 1056.97 217.82 108.91 84.14
Assam 1608.51 551.77 880.44 5601.16 4200.87 2505.42 6117.61 4588.21 3959.95 10351.68 6204.00 7870.90 5198.78 2159.63 2829.16
Bihar 1839.16 353.60 551.82 6608.25 0.00 4.00 4766.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Chhattisgarh 445.52 334.14 223.77 1908.96 477.24 498.69 2223.98 2223.98 2096.70 4485.60 2885.56 2638.91 1277.27 191.59 489.82
Goa 12.41 6.20 2.99 45.53 22.77 14.03 49.98 0.00 11.04 11.25 11.25 11.76 4.32 0.65 1.05
Gujarat 883.08 983.08 838.50 3410.61 2557.96 2124.85 3590.16 3590.16 3084.89 2982.85 2237.14 2377.83 2420.14 59.00 818.84
Haryana 289.52 72.38 130.67 1119.95 559.98 433.78 1157.44 463.00 519.77 1053.44 526.72 589.79 462.03 0.00 23.68
Himachal Pr. 326.20 547.48 329.01 1262.78 2012.78 1420.78 1344.94 1344.94 1615.65 379.67 402.34 859.96 916.53 137.48 189.20
J & K 681.77 53.72 88.69 2747.17 604.18 112.43 3039.11 1439.50 1141.38 9611.31 3267.12 3510.26 2112.86 693.86 1341.93
Jharkhand 572.24 143.06 286.62 2479.88 512.22 437.21 2825.52 2119.14 1789.85 4722.76 2875.35 3140.70 2114.22 70.00 203.56
Karnataka 1189.40 446.36 349.62 5008.80 2504.40 1418.68 5451.85 2725.93 2807.73 12623.37 4966.62 5266.73 3804.41 570.66 764.14
Kerala 404.24 303.18 304.29 1804.59 1353.44 957.44 2206.54 2206.54 1741.93 1342.36 671.18 1465.41 1949.36 974.68 1081.13
Ladakh 352.09 0.00 9.43 1429.96 340.68 144.96 1555.77 382.76 364.34 477.11 131.07 346.73 624.78 187.43 181.04
Lakshadweep 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 36.99 9.25 0.00 39.63 19.82 0.00 0.75 0.56 3.17
Madhya Pr. 1280.13 960.09 1014.70 5116.79 3837.59 2262.78 5641.02 2820.51 3526.87 10297.86 5419.90 6388.57 4044.70 2622.35 2683.52
Maharashtra 1828.92 457.23 473.59 7064.41 1666.64 377.98 7831.25 3915.62 3109.53 21465.88 7444.26 8208.53 5352.93 1605.88 2235.12
Manipur 131.80 141.80 189.14 481.19 601.19 474.78 512.05 256.03 233.64 110.54 0.00 119.49 0.00 0.00 33.57
Meghalaya 174.92 184.92 188.30 678.39 1078.39 672.05 747.76 1047.00 1098.48 3567.25 1500.00 1573.51 653.60 405.65 672.62
Mizoram 79.30 104.30 107.90 303.89 303.89 250.98 333.91 448.58 407.40 425.46 303.10 416.52 45.09 13.52 18.95
Nagaland 114.09 85.57 91.95 444.81 333.61 345.14 484.28 484.28 481.71 366.86 314.90 294.71 39.75 19.87 59.45
Odisha 812.15 609.11 686.41 3323.42 2492.56 1305.79 3608.62 1768.73 2166.00 2108.54 2108.54 2441.58 2455.94 368.39 750.81
Puducherry 4.64 1.06 0.20 30.22 7.47 2.32 17.83 0.00 0.94 15.39 1.00 6.39 12.58 3.77 3.50
Punjab 362.79 0.00 146.74 1656.39 402.24 247.83 2403.46 0.00 264.80 479.02 119.76 103.79 644.54 50.00 59.16
Rajasthan 2522.03 630.51 762.04 10180.50 2345.08 1919.83 13328.60 6081.80 3937.70 3019.94 250.00 2898.54 11061.46 1659.22 2212.99
Sikkim 31.36 39.36 43.43 124.79 194.79 90.12 136.17 188.92 222.53 634.55 251.61 318.98 124.50 62.25 72.94
Tamil Nadu 921.99 690.36 576.87 3691.21 614.35 457.63 4015.00 872.96 593.71 3615.56 2617.10 2617.49 2438.89 731.67 1333.23
Telangana 412.19 82.71 61.17 1653.09 0.00 17.70 1657.56 0.00 11.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Tripura 156.61 117.46 195.00 614.09 714.09 599.82 666.97 849.91 798.67 1773.40 744.18 860.09 736.75 368.38 477.98
Uttar Pr. 2570.94 1295.47 1774.65 10870.50 5435.25 2728.48 12662.05 9496.54 9650.07 20884.45 16947.00 19102.47 12621.95 6310.98 7162.80
Uttarakhand 362.58 271.93 227.32 1443.80 1082.85 603.31 1612.50 1209.38 1515.93 4689.69 1890.66 1942.71 1016.80 568.40 671.59
West Bengal 1614.18 807.08 1196.07 6998.97 1404.61 1547.52 6180.25 3090.12 1953.73 3806.29 4206.29 5004.16 5049.98 2524.99 3003.06
23033.02 10917.86 12544.51 92308.77 40009.77 25325.67 100789.77 54742.30 50667.81 132936.83 69885.01 82295.58 69926.68 22540.22 29838.41
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