**Executive Summary**
This document is the answer to Unstarred Question No. 1270 in Lok Sabha, concerning the simplification, enforcement, and technological strengthening of labour laws in India. The response, provided by the Minister of State for Labour and Employment, details the government's progress in consolidating labour laws under the four Labour Codes, ensuring enforcement and compliance, and utilizing technology for monitoring and grievance redressal. The question was scheduled to be answered on December 8, 2025.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Labour Law Consolidation and Implementation:**
* The Central Government has formulated four Labour Codes: Code on Wages (2019), Industrial Relations Code (2020), Code on Social Security (2020), and Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code (2020).
* These codes have come into effect from November 21, 2025 across the country including Maharashtra, after amalgamating and rationalising 29 existing Central Labour Acts.
* **Enforcement and Compliance:**
* Various organizations under the Ministry of Labour and Employment, such as CLC(C), ESIC, EPFO, DGE, DGFASLI, and DGMS, are responsible for enforcing labour laws in industries under the Central Sphere.
* These authorities initiate action upon receiving grievances/complaints from stakeholders.
* **Strengthening Inspection and Grievance Redressal:**
* A scheme is under implementation for conducting regular inspections of establishments under the Central Sphere to ensure effective enforcement of labour laws.
* The Central Analysis and Intelligence Unit (CAIU) has been established to collect and analyze field-level data and complaints to facilitate need-based inspections.
* The SAMADHAN Portal has been developed to provide a transparent digital platform for resolving industrial disputes and grievances related to employment.
* Workers can register complaints through the online Centralised Public Grievance Redress and Monitoring System (CPGRAMS), a single portal connected to all Ministries/Departments of Government of India and States.
* The Shram Suvidha Portal aims to improve efficiency, reduce delays, and enhance access and transparency in labour-related processes like registration, licensing, and inspections.
* **Formalization and Social Security:**
* Under the Code on Social Security, 2020, social security benefits have been extended to all workers across sectors/regions, including Maharashtra.
* This includes extending social security benefits to unorganized workers, gig workers, and platform workers, as well as their families.
* A Social Security Fund is being set up for formulating welfare schemes for unorganized workers, gig workers, and platform workers.
**Impact Analysis**
**Stakeholder: Workers**
* **Impact:** Workers benefit from simplified and consolidated labour laws, improved grievance redressal mechanisms, and extended social security coverage, including those in the informal sector.
* **Action Required:** Workers can utilize the SAMADHAN and CPGRAMS portals to register complaints and access dispute resolution mechanisms.
**Stakeholder: Employers**
* **Impact:** Employers are subject to stricter enforcement of labour laws and increased compliance requirements, including regular inspections.
* **Action Required:** Employers must ensure compliance with the Labour Codes and utilize the Shram Suvidha Portal for registration, licensing, and return filing.
**Stakeholder: Ministry of Labour and Employment and Associated Organizations**
* **Impact:** These entities are responsible for implementing and enforcing the consolidated labour laws, utilizing technology to improve efficiency and transparency.
* **Action Required:** Organizations must utilize the CAIU for data analysis, conduct inspections, and manage the SAMADHAN and Shram Suvidha Portals to ensure compliance and grievance redressal.
Key Entities Referenced
Four Labour Codes: A set of four codes simplifying and consolidating labor laws. Includes the Code on Wages, 2019, the Industrial Relations Code, 2020, the Code on Social Security, 2020 and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020
Ministry of Labour and Employment: The primary ministry responsible for the enforcement and compliance of labour laws and the implementation of various schemes and portals for worker welfare.
Maharashtra: A state in India where the implementation and impact of labour laws and social security schemes are specifically addressed in the context of formalizing informal sector workers and improving welfare schemes.
Code on Social Security, 2020: One of the four Labour Codes, extending social security benefits to various categories of workers, including unorganised, gig, and platform workers.
Shram Suvidha Portal: A portal launched by the Ministry of Labour and Employment to improve efficiency, reduce delays, enhance access, and promote transparency in labour law compliance.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1270
TO BE ANSWERED ON 08.12.2025
SIMPLIFICATION, ENFORCEMENT AND TECHNOLOGICAL
STRENGTHENING OF LABOUR LAWS
1270. SMT. SMITA UDAY WAGH:
SHRI ANUP SANJAY DHOTRE:
Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to
state:
(a)the details of the progress made by the Government so far in
simplifying and consolidating labour laws under the four Labour
Codes, along with the current status of their implementation in the
country State-wise, particularly in Maharashtra;
(b)the details of the measures adopted by the Government to ensure
strict enforcement and compliance with labour regulations across
major industries and MSME clusters, including those operating in
districts such as Jalgaon Lok Sabha Constituency in Maharashtra;
(c)the details of the steps taken by the Government to strengthen
inspection systems, grievance redressal mechanisms and worker
protection frameworks, especially to prevent exploitation of
unorganised and contractual labour;
(d)the manner in which technology-based tools such as online
compliance portals, unified inspection systems, AI-enabled risk
assessment and digital dashboards are being used to monitor
labour law enforcement effectively; and
(e)whether the Government is taking any specific initiatives to
promote formalisation of informal sector workers, enhance social
security coverage and improve access to welfare schemes for the
workforce in Maharashtra, including Jalgaon, if so, the details
thereof?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
(SUSHRI SHOBHA KARANDLAJE)
(a): The Central Government has formulated the four Labour
Codes, namely, the Code on Wages, 2019, the Industrial Relations
Code, 2020, the Code on Social Security, 2020 and the Occupational
Contd..2/-:: 2 ::
Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 after
amalgamating, simplifying and rationalising the relevant provisions
of the existing 29 Central Labour Acts. The aforesaid four Labour
Codes have come into effect from 21.11.2025 across the country
including Maharashtra.
(b): Various organisations under Ministry of Labour and
Employment such as CLC(C), ESIC, EPFO, Directorate General of
Employment (DGE), Directorate General Factory Advice Service and
Labour Institutes (DGFASLI), Directorate General of Mines Safety
(DGMS) are entrusted with the mandate of enforcement and
compliance of labour laws in industries under the Central Sphere. In
case of any grievance/complaints received from any stakeholder,
concerned enforcement authority(ies) initiates appropriate action.
(c) & (d): To strengthen the Inspection system, a scheme is under
implementation under which regular inspections are being conducted
of the establishments covered under the Central Sphere for effective
enforcement of various labour laws. Further, Central Analysis and
Intelligence Unit (CAIU) has been set up for collecting and analysing
field level data and complaints to cause need based inspections
towards proper enforcement of labour laws.
With respect to grievance redressal, IT initiatives like
SAMADHAN Portal has been developed to address the grievances of
workmen by providing a single, transparent, and efficient digital
platform for resolving industrial disputes and grievances related to
employment. Further, workers can also register their complaints
through online Centralised Public Grievance Redress and Monitoring
System (CPGRAMS). It is a single portal connected to all the
Ministries/Departments of Government of India and States. Every
Ministry and States have role-based access to this system.
Further, Shram Suvidha Portal launched in Ministry of
labour and Employment has played an important role in improving
efficiency, reducing delays and enhancing access and transparency.
The portal is developed to facilitate registration, license, randomised
risk-based inspection, return filing, etc. and envisaged as a single
point of contact between employer and enforcement agencies
bringing in transparency in their day-to-day interactions.
Contd..3/-:: 3 ::
(e): Under the Code on Social Security, 2020 benefits have
been extended to all workers across sectors/regions including
Maharashtra. Some of the key provisions, inter alia, envisaged in
the aforesaid Code are as under:-
(i) Extension of social security benefits to all types of workers
including unorganised workers, gig workers and platform workers
and the members of their families.
(ii) Setting up of Social Security Fund for formulating schemes for
welfare of the unorganised workers, gig workers and platform
workers.
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