**Executive Summary:**
The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) has been implementing the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) since 2015, offering skill development training to youth, including migrant workers. The scheme includes short-term training (STT) and Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL). District Skill Committees (DSCs) play a role in local skill development planning and implementation. MSDE has conducted third-party evaluations to assess the effectiveness of these initiatives.
**Key Points / Main Content:**
* **Skill Development Initiatives:**
* PMKVY provides skill development training through STT, upskilling, and re-skilling via RPL.
* PMKVY 4.0 focuses on empowering trained candidates for varied career paths.
* A special program under PMKVY was formulated for migrant laborers impacted by COVID-19, covering 116 districts in 6 states selected under Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyan (GKRA).
* **Placement and Training Data:**
* Placements were tracked under the STT component of PMKVY 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 implemented from FY 2015-16 to FY 2021-22, with a reported placement rate of 43%.
* State/UT-wise data for candidates trained under PMKVY in FY 2024-25 is provided in an annexure.
* **Role of District Skill Committees (DSCs):**
* DSCs formulate District Skill Development Plans (DSDPs) to promote decentralized planning.
* DSDPs identify sectors with employment opportunities, skill demands, and map available training facilities.
* **Impact Assessment and Evaluation:**
* Third-party evaluations of PMKVY 2.0 showed that STT-certified individuals earned 15% more monthly income, and RPL-certified individuals earned 19% more than comparison groups.
* A NITI Aayog study indicated that 94% of employers surveyed would hire more candidates trained under PMKVY.
* An Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA) evaluation revealed that approximately 70.5% of surveyed candidates received placement in their desired skill sector.
**Impact Analysis:**
* **Migrant Workers:**
* *Impact:* Benefit from skill development and enhanced employment opportunities through targeted training programs.
* *Action Required:* Participate in available skill mapping and training programs to improve job prospects.
* **Employers:**
* *Impact:* Access a pool of skilled workers trained under PMKVY, potentially leading to increased productivity and reduced hiring costs.
* *Action Required:* Consider hiring candidates trained under PMKVY and provide feedback on the relevance of the training programs.
* **Government (MSDE, State Skill Development Missions):**
* *Impact:* Responsible for the design, implementation, and evaluation of skill development programs.
* *Action Required:* Integrate skill mapping data with State skill development missions and industry clusters to improve job matching and address skill gaps.
* **District Skill Committees (DSCs):**
* *Impact:* Play a crucial role in identifying local skill needs and coordinating skill development efforts at the district level.
* *Action Required:* Formulate DSDPs, capture and verify migrant skill data, and collaborate with local bodies and training providers.
Key Entities Referenced
Ministry of Labour and Employment: The Indian government ministry responsible for labour and employment policies and programs.
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY): A flagship skill development scheme of the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) in India.
Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE): The Indian government ministry responsible for skill development and entrepreneurship.
Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyan (GKRA): A rural public works scheme launched by the Ministry of Rural Development to provide livelihood opportunities to returning migrant workers.
District Skill Committees (DSCs): Local committees responsible for formulating District Skill Development Plans (DSDPs) to promote decentralized planning and implementation of skill development initiatives at the grassroots level.
NITI Aayog: A policy think tank of the Indian government.
Uttar Pradesh: A state in India, one of the states covered under the special program for training of migrant labourers.
COVID19 pandemic: A global pandemic that led to reverse migration of workers and necessitated skill mapping initiatives.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2337
TO BE ANSWERED ON 04.08.2025
SKILL MAPPING OF MIGRANT LABOURERS
2337. SHRI VISHALDADA PRAKASHBAPU PATIL:
SHRI RAVINDRA DATTARAM WAIKAR:
SHRI NARESH GANPAT MHASKE:
DR. SHRIKANT EKNATH SHINDE:
SMT. SHAMBHAVI:
Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to
state:
(a)the details of the number of migrant workers undergone skill
mapping or registered their skills under various programmes, State
and year-wise;
(b)the details of the percentage of skill-mapped migrant workers
placed or linked to employment opportunities through the
Government or private platforms;
(c)the details of the role of district Skill Committees and local bodies
playing in capturing, verifying and utilising migrant skill data and
the measures taken by the Government to ensure the integration
of skill mapping data with State skill development missions and
industry clusters to improve job-matching;
(d)the details of the steps taken by the Government to conduct skill
mapping of migrant workers, particularly following the reverse
migration post peaking COVID-19 pandemic; and
(e)whether any impact assessment or third-party evaluation has been
conducted on the effectiveness of migrant skill mapping initiatives
and if so, the details thereof?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
(SUSHRI SHOBHA KARANDLAJE)
(a) to (e): The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship
(MSDE) is implementing its flagship scheme Pradhan Mantri Kaushal
Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), since 2015, for imparting skill development
Contd..2/-:: 2 ::
training through Short-Term Training (STT) and up-skilling and re-
skilling through Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) to youth
including migrant workers across the country. The State-wise/UT-
wise number of candidates trained under PMKVY during the last
financial years (2024-25) is given at Annexure.
Placements were tracked under Short Term Training (STT)
component of PMKVY in the first three versions of the scheme which
is PMKVY 1.0, PMKVY 2.0 and PMKVY 3.0 implemented from FY 2015-
16 to FY 2021-22. The reported placement rate in STT certified
candidates till PMKVY 3.0 was 43%. Under PMKVY 4.0, the focus is
to empower our trained candidates to choose their varied career path
and they are suitably oriented for the same.
The District Skill Committees (DSCs) are mandated with
formulating District Skill Development Plans (DSDPs) to promote
decentralized planning and implementation at the grassroots. The
DSDPs identify sectors with employment opportunities as well as the
associated demand for skilling in the district, and map the available
facilities for Skill Training. Skill Development Programmes of the
Government are designed and implemented to bridge identified skill
gaps across sectors.
Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE)
formulated the special programme for the training of Shramiks
(migrant labourers) impacted from COVID-19 under its flagship
scheme Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY). Under this
special programme, the identification of reverse migrants and their
mapping with job roles was done with the support of District
Administration. This special programme for training of Shramiks
(migrant labourers) under PMKVY covered 116 districts of 6 States,
namely, Assam, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan and Uttar
Pradesh selected under Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyan (GKRA) of
Ministry of Rural Development. PMKVY has two training components,
namely, Short Term Training (STT)and Recognition of Prior Learning
(RPL). Under this Special programme of PMKVY, skill development
training was imparted based on the demand/aspirations of the
Shramiks (migrant labourers) for job roles as received from District
Administration during the pandemic lock down.
The MSDE has undertaken multiple third-party
assessments and evaluation studies through reputed institutions to
measure various outcome parameters, including job retention,
income enhancement, and relevance of training. The details are
given below:
Contd..3/-:: 3 ::
(i) The third-party evaluation report of PMKVY 2.0 conducted by
Sambodhi Research and Communications has found that the mean
monthly income of individuals trained and certified under PMKVY 2.0
– Short Term Training (STT) was 15 percent higher compared to a
comparison group of individuals who have not participated in PMKVY.
Further, the average monthly income of Recognition of Prior Learning
(RPL)-certified individuals was found to be 19 percent higher than
that of a comparison group of non-RPL certified individuals.
(ii) Further, PMKVY was evaluated by NITI Aayog in October 2020
under jobs and skills sector. As per the study, about 94 percent of the
employers surveyed reported that they would hire more candidates
trained under PMKVY. Further, 52 percent of the candidates who
were placed in full time/part time employment and oriented under the
RPL component received higher salary or felt that they will get higher
salary compared to their un-certified peers. Besides, a third-party
impact evaluation of PMKVY was also conducted by the
Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA). As per the evaluation,
about 70.5% surveyed candidates received placement in their desired
skill sector.
* *****Annexure
Annexure referred to in reply to part (a) to (e) of Lok Sabha Unstarred question No.2337 for 04.08.2025
regarding Skill Mapping of Migrant Labourers.
The State-wise / UT-wise number of candidates trained under PMKVY during last financial years
(2024-25)
SL No Name of the States/UTs FY 2024-25
1 Andhra Pradesh 35,451
2 Andaman and Nicobar 909
3 Arunachal Pradesh 10,054
4 Assam 75,162
5 Bihar 99,960
6 Chandigarh 628
7 Chhattisgarh 16,461
8 Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu 1,407
9 Delhi 12,253
10 Goa 236
11 Gujarat 39,736
12 Haryana 75,305
13 Himachal Pradesh 19,275
14 Jammu & Kashmir 85,490
15 Jharkhand 30,021
16 Karnataka 69,431
17 Kerala 10,456
18 Ladakh 312
19 Lakshadweep 120
20 Madhya Pradesh 2,58,623
21 Maharashtra 74,939
22 Manipur 20,798
23 Meghalaya 7,908
24 Mizoram 6,861
25
Nagaland 7,299
26
Odisha 26,185
27
Puducherry 3,096
28
Punjab 1,06,401
29 Rajasthan 2,79,609
30 Sikkim 2,874
31 Tamil Nadu 85,713
32 Telangana 22,188
33 Tripura 14,256
34 Uttar Pradesh 4,63,569
35 Uttarakhand 35,290
36 West Bengal 36,410
Total 20,34,686
*****