Parliament Question: Use of Artificial Intelligence in Judiciary and Safeguards

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3484 TO BE ANSWERED ON FRIDAY, THE 13TH MARCH, 2026 USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN JUDICIARY AND SAFEGUARDS 3484. SHRI P C MOHAN: Will the Minister of LAW AND JUSTICE be pleased to state: (a) whether the Government proposes to incorporate Artificial Intelligence (Al) tools in the judicial system to assist in case management, legal research, translation, transcription and pendency reduction, if so, the details of the steps taken/proposed to be taken in this regard; (b) the extent to which Al-based systems are being deployed or piloted in courts to enable faster disposal of cases and improve access to justice, including in e-Courts and digital justice initiatives; (c) the safeguards and regulatory framework proposed to ensure ethical use of Al in judiciary, prevent errors or bias and maintain judicial independence and accountability; and (d) the roadmap for the responsible integration of Al in the judicial system, including capacity building, data security standards and defined limits on use of Al to avoid misuse or wrongful outcomes? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE; AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS (SHRI ARJUN RAM MEGHWAL) (a) to (d): As part of the National eGovernance Plan, Phase-III of the eCourts Mission Mode project is under implementation for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) enablement of courts and to enhance the judicial productivity, both qualitatively & quantitatively, making the justice delivery system accessible, cost effective, reliable and transparent. Under this project, an amount of Rs. 53.57 crore has been earmarked for the component 1“Future Technological Advancements” to integrate modern technologies for smoother user experience. To explore the use of AI in judicial domain, the Supreme Court of India constituted an AI Committee, which is responsible for conceptualizing, implementing and monitoring use of AI in the Indian judiciary. The Supreme Court of India in collaboration with IIT Madras is testing the prototypes of AI and ML tools for curing document defects, meta data extraction and integration with the electronic filing module and the case management software, namely Integrated Case Management & Information System (ICMIS). An AI based tool called Legal Research Analysis Assistant [LegRAA] has been developed to aid judges in legal research and document analysis. Another AI based tool called Digital Courts 2.1 has been developed to assist Judges and Judicial Officers in managing the court in paperless manner by providing a single window for all case-related information and tasks. The platform includes voice-to-text (ASR-SHRUTI) and translation (PANINI) functionalities to assist the judges with order and judgment dictation. Both LegRAA and Digital Courts 2.1 take care of the issues of data privacy and ethical safeguards by using Court’s own data i.e. judgments and orders passed by the Supreme Court, High Courts and District Courts. In addition, the eCommittee, Supreme Court of India has formed a Sub-Committee of six High Court judges with technical experts to recommend secure connectivity and authentication mechanism for data and privacy protection, assess the digital infrastructure and service delivery systems under the eCourts Project to strengthen data security. The current scope of AI based solutions remain limited to controlled pilot deployments with the objective of ensuring responsible, secure and practical adoption. The formulation and regulation of operational frameworks in this regard will be governed by the rules of business and policies of the concerned High Courts. *** 2