**Executive Summary**
This document is an answer provided by the Minister of State for Labour and Employment to Unstarred Question No. 162 in Lok Sabha concerning the welfare of migrant workers, set to be answered on December 1st, 2025. It details the government's actions, including surveys, legal frameworks (specifically the OSH Code and the e-Shram portal), and the integration of various social security schemes for unorganized workers, including migrant workers. The e-Shram "One-Stop-Solution" was launched on October 21st, 2024.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Survey on Migrant Workers:**
* The Labour Bureau has conducted an All-India Survey on Migrant Workers, with fieldwork completed.
* **Legal Framework:**
* The Inter-state Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979, has been subsumed by the Occupational Safety, Health and the Working Conditions (OSH) Code.
* The OSH Code provides for decent working conditions, minimum wages, grievance redressal mechanisms, protection from abuse and exploitation, enhancement of skills, and social security for all categories of workers, including migrant workers.
* **e-Shram Portal:**
* The Ministry of Labour & Employment launched the e-Shram portal on August 26th, 2021.
* It serves as a National Database of Unorganized Workers, including migrant workers, seeded with Aadhaar.
* Launched e-Shram-"One-Stop-Solution" on 21st October 2024 to provide unorganized workers access to social security schemes.
* It is envisioned to be a "One-Stop-Solution" for unorganized workers to access social security schemes.
* Allows unorganized workers registered on e-Shram to access social security schemes and see benefits availed through the portal.
* **Integrated Schemes:**
* Various Central Ministries/Departments' schemes have been integrated/mapped with the eShram portal.
* These include Pradhan Mantri Street Vendors Atmanirbhar Nidhi (PM-SVANidhi), Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY), Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY), National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Gramin (PMAY-G), Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Urban (PMAY-U) and Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maan Dhan Yojana (PM-KMY).
* **Social Security and Welfare Schemes:**
* The Government is implementing several social security and welfare schemes for unorganized workers, including migrant workers.
* These include Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) and Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY), PM SVANidhi scheme, Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana, Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana and Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-Dhan (PM-SYM).
**Impact Analysis**
**Unorganized Workers (including migrant workers)**
**Impact:** Enhanced access to social security and welfare schemes through the e-Shram portal and the OSH Code. This includes improved working conditions, minimum wages, grievance redressal, protection from exploitation, skill enhancement, and social security.
**Action Required:** Register on the e-Shram portal to access available social security schemes and benefits.
Key Entities Referenced
e-Shram: A National Database of the Unorganised Workers, including migrant workers, seeded with Aadhaar, designed as a 'One-Stop-Solution' for accessing social security schemes.
Occupational Safety, Health and the Working Conditions (OSH) Code: Provides for decent working conditions, minimum wages, grievance redressal mechanisms, protection from abuse and exploitation, enhancement of skills and social security to all categories of workers including migrant workers; subsumed the Inter-state Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979.
Ministry of Labour & Employment: The ministry responsible for labor and employment policies and programs, including the e-Shram portal.
Inter-state Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979: An act enacted to safeguard the interests of the migrant workers. This Act has now been subsumed in the Occupational Safety, Health and the Working Conditions (OSH) Code.
All-India Survey on Migrant Workers: A survey conducted by Labour Bureau, an attached office of Ministry of Labour & Employment.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 162
TO BE ANSWERED ON 01.12.2025
WELFARE OF MIGRANT WORKERS
162. SHRI RAJEEV RAI:
Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to
state:
(a)whether the Government has conducted any survey on migrant
workers in the country;
(b)if so, the details thereof, State/UT-wise;
(c)whether the Government has undertaken any welfare measures to
protect these migrant workers; and
(d)if so, the details thereof?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
(SUSHRI SHOBHA KARANDLAJE)
(a) to (d): Labour Bureau, an attached office of Ministry of Labour &
Employment has conducted an All-India Survey on Migrant Workers.
The field work of the survey has been completed.
In order to safeguard the interests of the migrant workers
the Central Government had enacted the Inter-state Migrant
Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act,
1979. This Act has now been subsumed in the Occupational Safety,
Health and the Working Conditions (OSH) Code. The OSH Code
provides for decent working conditions, minimum wages, grievance
redressal mechanisms, protection from abuse and exploitation,
enhancement of skills and social security to all categories of workers
including migrant workers.
Ministry of Labour & Employment has launched on 26th
August, 2021 the e-Shram portal which is a National Database of the
Unorganised Workers, including migrant workers, seeded with
Aadhaar.
Contd..2/-:: 2 ::
In keeping with the vision of the Budget Announcement,
2024-25, on developing e-Shram as a "One-Stop-Solution" for
unorganized workers to have access to various social security
schemes, Ministry of Labour and Employment launched the e-Shram-
"One-Stop-Solution" on 21st October 2024. e-Shram-"One-Stop-
Solution" entails integration of different social security/ welfare
schemes at single portal i.e. e-Shram. This enables unorganised
workers, including migrant workers, registered on e-Shram to access
social security schemes and see benefits availed by them so far,
through e-Shram.
So far, various schemes of different Central Ministries/
Departments have already been integrated/ mapped with the eShram
including Pradhan Mantri Street Vendors Atmanirbhar Nidhi (PM-
SVANidhi), Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY), Pradhan
Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY), National Family Benefit
Scheme (NFBS), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment
Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Gramin
(PMAY-G), Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-
PMJAY), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Urban (PMAY-U) and Pradhan
Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), Pradhan Mantri Kisan
Maan Dhan Yojana (PM-KMY).
The Government is implementing several social security
and welfare schemes for unorganized workers including migrant
workers. These schemes include; (i) Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti
Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) and Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana
(PMSBY), (ii) PM SVANidhi scheme, (iii) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana,
(iv)Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana and (v)
Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-Dhan (PM-SYM).
*****