**Executive Summary**
This document is an answer to an unstarred question in the Lok Sabha regarding the welfare of workers in both organised and unorganised sectors in India. The response, dated December 8, 2025, highlights the implementation of the four Labour Codes on November 21, 2025, and other initiatives aimed at improving worker conditions, safety, and social security. It also mentions a National Conference of Labour held in November 2025 and the Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana, aimed at generating jobs.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Labour Codes Implementation:**
* The four Labour Codes (Code on Wages, Industrial Relations Code, Code on Social Security, and Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code) came into force on November 21, 2025.
* These codes rationalize 29 existing labour laws.
* **Provisions of the New Labour Codes:**
* Mandate appointment letters.
* Ensure universal minimum wages.
* Provide nationwide social security for gig, platform, and interstate migrant workers.
* Offer free annual health check-ups.
* Expand women's rights to work in all sectors, including night shifts.
* Enhance worker safety, welfare, and social protection across sectors, including unorganized sectors.
* The Industrial Relations Code provides a reskilling fund for retrenched workers.
* **Safety Measures and Compliance:**
* Rules and regulations have been made for the safety of workers in construction, manufacturing, and mining sectors.
* Inspections are conducted to ensure compliance with health, safety, and welfare provisions.
* Penalties, including fines and imprisonment, are imposed for irregularities.
* **National Labour & Employment Policy:**
* The two-day National Conference of Labour & Employment and Industry Ministers and Secretaries of States and Union Territories was held during November 11-12, 2025.
* A draft ‘Shram Shakti NITI' (National Labour & Employment Policy) has been prepared to build an inclusive ecosystem for workers.
* **Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana:**
* This Yojana aims to support employment generation, enhance employability, and social security across all sectors, with a focus on the manufacturing sector.
* With an outlay of Rs 99,446 Crore, it aims to incentivize the creation of more than 3.5 Crore jobs over 2 years.
**Impact Analysis**
**Stakeholders:** Workers (including those in organised and unorganised sectors, gig workers, platform workers, interstate migrant workers)
**Impact:**
Workers will benefit from improved working conditions, enhanced safety measures, broader social security coverage, and increased employability. The focus on reskilling and the creation of new job opportunities will positively impact their economic stability.
**Action Required:**
Workers should become aware of their rights under the new labour codes and utilize available resources for skill development and job opportunities.
**Stakeholders:** Employers in all sectors (including construction, manufacturing, and mining)
**Impact:**
Employers will need to ensure compliance with the new labour codes and safety regulations. This might require adjustments to their employment practices, infrastructure, and operational procedures.
**Action Required:**
Employers need to familiarize themselves with the new labour codes and safety regulations, conduct internal assessments to identify areas of non-compliance, and implement corrective measures to ensure adherence.
**Stakeholders:** State and Union Territory Governments
**Impact:**
The State and UT Governments are impacted because the labour laws need to be monitored for compliance.
**Action Required:**
The State and UT Governments need to ensure inspections are conducted regularly.
Key Entities Referenced
The Four Labour Codes: A set of labor laws including the Code on Wages, 2019, the Industrial Relations (IR) Code, 2020, the Code on Social Security, 2020 and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 aimed at rationalizing existing labour laws.
Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana: A scheme to support employment generation, enhance employability and social security across all sectors.
Shram Shakti NITI (National Labour & Employment Policy): A draft comprehensive vision document to build an inclusive, fair, and resilient ecosystem for workers.
Ministry of Labour and Employment: The primary government body responsible for addressing the welfare of workers in organized and unorganized sectors.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1201
TO BE ANSWERED ON 08.12.2025
WELFARE OF ORGANISED AND UNORGANISED SECTOR
1201. SHRI VISHALDADA PRAKASHBAPU PATIL:
SHRI RAVINDRA DATTARAM WAIKAR:
SHRI SHRIRANG APPA CHANDU BARNE:
DR. SHRIKANT EKNATH SHINDE:
SMT. BHARTI PARDHI:
SHRI NARESH GANPAT MHASKE:
Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:
(a)whether the Government has assessed the current status of worker safety,
welfare and social security coverage across organised and unorganised
sectors in the country, State/UT-wise and if so, the details thereof;
(b)the details of the steps taken by the Government to ensure implementation
of labour laws, including minimum wages, working conditions and
occupational safety standards during the last three years;
(c)whether the Government has introduced or plans to introduce initiatives to
enhance skill development, upskilling and employability of workers to meet
the demands of emerging industries and if so, the details thereof;
(d)the details of the measures taken by the Government to monitor compliance
with safety regulations, particularly in high-risk sectors such as construction,
manufacturing and mining along with penalties imposed for their violations;
(e)whether the Government has evaluated the effectiveness of schemes
providing social security, insurance and health benefits to the workers and if
so, the outcomes thereof; and
(f)the details of the long-term strategies proposed to improve working
conditions, promote fair employment practices and ensure welfare and safety
of all workers in the country?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
(SUSHRI SHOBHA KARANDLAJE)
(a) to (f): The four Labour Codes - the Code on Wages, 2019, the
Industrial Relations (IR) Code, 2020, the Code on Social Security, 2020 and
the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 have
come into force on 21.11.2025, rationalizing 29 existing labour laws for
better working conditions, safety, wages, social security & enhanced
welfare for worker.
Contd..2/-:: 2 ::
These new labour codes mandate appointment letters,
universal minimum wages, nationwide social security for gig, platform and
interstate migrant workers, free annual health check-ups, expanded rights
for women to work in all sectors including night shifts, etc. The Codes
enhance worker safety, welfare, and social protection across sectors
including unorganized workers. The IR Code also provides reskilling fund
for retrenched workers.
Rules, regulations, standards etc. have been made for safety
of workers in constructions, manufacturing and mining sector. For
compliance with rules, regulations, inspections are conducted time to
time in respect of conditions of service including the health, safety and
welfare provisions. In case of detection of irregularities, penalties
including fines and imprisonment are imposed as per rules and regulations
prescribed.
The two-day National Conference of Labour & Employment and
Industry Ministers and Secretaries of States and Union Territories was
held during 11th – 12th November, 2025. Draft ‘Shram Shakti NITI'
(National Labour & Employment Policy) a comprehensive vision document
has been prepared to build an inclusive, fair, and resilient ecosystem for
workers, accelerating India's journey towards a Viksit Bharat by 2047.
In addition, the Government is implementing Pradhan Mantri
Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana to support employment generation, enhance
employability and social security across all sectors, with special focus on
the manufacturing sector. The scheme with an outlay of Rs 99,446 Crore
aims to incentivize the creation of more than 3.5 Crore jobs in the country,
over a period of 2 years.
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